Theoretical Modelling of Alveolar Resonance Mechanism of Ultrasound-Induced Lung Haemorrhage

The possibility of the ultrasound-induced lung haemorrhage occurring in adult human during diagnostic ultrasound examination is studied here. This study is based on the hypothetical alveolar resonance mechanism of the ultrasound-induced lung haemorrhage. The alveolar wall is initially modelled here as a square membrane with fixed-boundary, and then theoretically subjected to vibration analysis. The equation of threshold pressure for the occurrence of ultrasound-induced lung haemorrhage is derived. A comparison test against past experimental data validates the use of the square membrane model of the alveolar wall in studying the ultrasound induced lung haemorrhage. This study predicts that the ultrasound-induced lung haemorrhage in adult human can be prevented if the ultrasound frequency is kept above 1.69 MHz while the Mechanical Index does not exceed 1.9.