How Organizational Inefficiency Adversely Affects Number-of-Employee Based Production Outputs

1 Adler, P.S., (1995), Interdepartmental interdependence and coordination: The case of the design/manufacturing interface, Organization Science, 6(2), 147-167. Search in Google Scholar

2 Adler, P.S., (2012), The sociological ambivalence of bureaucracy: From Weber via Gouldner to Marx, Organization Science, 23(2), 244-266. Search in Google Scholar

3 Afinindy, I., Salim, U., Ratnawati, K., (2021), The effect of profitability, firm size, liquidity, sales growth on firm value mediated capital structure, International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 24(4), 15-22. Search in Google Scholar

4 Allison, M., (2001), Sports clubs in Scotland. Edinburgh, UK: SportScotland. Search in Google Scholar

5 Altman, H.J.R., Altman, M., (2021), Sports performance, procedural rationality, and organizational inefficiency. In: Altman, H.J.R., Altman, M., Torgler, B., (2021), Behavioural Sports Economics: A Research Companion (pp. 52-78), Taylor and Francis. Search in Google Scholar

6 Amis, J., Slack, T., (1996), The size-structure relationship in voluntary sport organizations, Journal of Sport Management, 10, 76-86. Search in Google Scholar

7 Arrow, K. J., (1983), Innovation in large and small firms. In: J. Ronen (Ed.), Entrepreneurship. Lexington: Lexington Books. Search in Google Scholar

8 Autio, E., Mudambi, R., Yoo, Y., (2021), Digitalization and globalization in a turbulent world: Centrifugal and centripetal forces, Global Strategy Journal, 11, 3-16. Search in Google Scholar

9 Barton, D., Manyika, J., Williamson, S.K., (2017), Finally, evidence that managing for the long term pays off, Harvard Business Review, 95(1), 2-8. Search in Google Scholar

10 Blandi, V., (2018), Customer uncertainty: A source of organizational inefficiency in the light of the modularity theory of the firm. PhD thesis, University of Trento. Search in Google Scholar

11 Blau, P.M., Meyer, M. W., (1987), Bureaucracy in modern society. McGraw Hill. Search in Google Scholar

12 Brueckner, J.K., Lee, K., (1991), Economies of scope and multiproduct clubs, Public Finance Review, 19(2), 193-208. Search in Google Scholar

13 Buzzell, R.D., (1983), Is vertical integration profitable?, Harvard Business Review, 61(1), 92-102. Search in Google Scholar

14 Canbäck, S., (2004), Bureaucratic limits of firm size: Empirical analysis using transaction cost economics, EDAMBA Journal, 1(1), 1-20. Search in Google Scholar

15 Canbäck, S., Samouel, P., Price, D., (2006), Do diseconomies of scale impact firm size and performance? A theoretical and empirical overview, Journal of Managerial Economics, 4(1), 27-70. Search in Google Scholar

16 Chandler, A.D., (1962), Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the history of the American Industrial Enterprise. MIT Press. Search in Google Scholar

17 Chandler, A.D., (1977), The Visible Hand. Harvard University Press. Search in Google Scholar

18 Chandler, A.D., (1990), Scale and Scope. Harvard University Press. Search in Google Scholar

19 Child, J., (1973), Predicting and understanding organization structure, Administrative Science Quarterly, 18(2), 168-185. Search in Google Scholar

20 Coase, R.H., (1937), The nature of the firm, Economica, 4(16), 386-405. Search in Google Scholar

21 Cutcher-Gershenfeld, J., Brooks, D., Mulloy, M., (2015), Inside the Ford-UAW transformation: Pivotal events in valuing work and delivering results. MIT Press. Search in Google Scholar

22 Cutler, D.M., (2011), Where are the health care entrepreneurs? The failure of organizational innovation in health care, Innovation Policy and the Economy, 11(1), 1-131. Search in Google Scholar

23 Delbufalo, E., (2018), Agency Theory and Sustainability in the Global Supply Chain. New York, NY.: Springer. Search in Google Scholar

24 Dhawan, R., (2001), Firm size and productivity differential: theory and evidence from a panel of US firms, Journal of economic behavior & organization, 44(3), 269-293. Search in Google Scholar

25 Diaz, M.A., Sánchez, R., (2008), Firm size and productivity in Spain: a stochastic frontier analysis, Small Business Economics, 30, 315-323. Search in Google Scholar

26 Dobbs, R., Koller, T., Ramaswamy, S., (2015), The future and how to survive it: Corporate profits are beginning a long slide, Harvard Business Review, 93(10), 48-62. Search in Google Scholar

27 Forrest, J.YL., Hafezalkotob, A., Ren, L., Liu, Y., Tallapally, P., (2021), Utility and optimization’s dependence on decision-makers’ underlying value-belief systems, Review of Economic and Business Studies, 14(2), 125-149. DOI: 10.47743/rebs-2021-2-0007. Search in Google Scholar

28 Forrest, J.YL., Liu, Y., (2022), Value in Business: A Holistic, Systems-Based Approach to Creating and Achieving Value. Switzerland: Springer. Search in Google Scholar

29 Forrest, J.YL., Nicholls, J., Schimmel, K., Liu, S.F., (2020), Managerial Decision Making: A Holistic Approach. New York, NY.: Springer. Search in Google Scholar

30 Forrest, J.YL., Orvis, B., (2016), Principles of management efficiency and organizational inefficiency, Kybernetes: The International Journal of Cybernetics, Systems and Management Sciences, 45(8), 1308-1322. Search in Google Scholar

31 Forrest, J.YL., Shao, L., Liu, J., Sloboda, B.W., Shao, D., (2023), The meaning of optimum and chosen method of optimization are individually defined, Pennsylvania Economic Review, accepted for publication. Search in Google Scholar

32 Forrest, J.YL., Wu, K.P., Joo, B.K., Yan, Li., Isariyawongse, K., (2022), Scenarios not adequately addressed by economic theories, Journal of Business, Economics and Technology, 25(1), 56-67. Search in Google Scholar

33 Goddard, J., Tavakoli, M., & Wilson, J., (2009), Sources of variation in firm profitability and growth, Journal of Business Research, 62(4), 495-508. Search in Google Scholar

34 Greene, W.H., Segal, D., (2004), Profitability and efficiency in the U.S. life insurance industry, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 21(3), 229-247. Search in Google Scholar

35 Hanousek, J., Kočenda, E., Shamshur, A., (2015), Corporate efficiency in Europe, Journal of Corporate finance, 32, 24-40. Search in Google Scholar

36 Hatch, M.J., (2018), Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic, and Postmodern Perspectives (4th ed.). New York, NY.: Oxford University Press. Search in Google Scholar

37 Hitt, M.A., Beamish, P.W., Jackson, S.E., Mathieu, J., (2007), Building theoretical and empirical bridges across levels: Multilevel research in management, Academy of Management Journal, 50(6), 1385-1399. Search in Google Scholar

38 Johnson, A.M., (2015), Legislation induced organizational inefficiency: The case of the federal reserve and the Dodd-Frank, International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 18(4), 434-453. Search in Google Scholar

39 Josefy, M., Kuban, S., Ireland, R.D., Hitt, M.A., (2015), All things great and small: Organizational size, boundaries of the firm, and a changing environment, Academy of Management Annals, 9(1), 715-802. Search in Google Scholar

40 Leibenstein, H., Maital, S., (1994), The organizational foundations of X-inefficiency: A game-theoretic interpretation of Argyris’ model of organizational learning, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 23(3), 251-268. Search in Google Scholar

41 Lewis, H.F., Sexton, T.R., (2004), Network DEA: Efficiency analysis of organizations with complex internal structure, Computers & Operations Research, 31(9), 1365-1410. Search in Google Scholar

42 Li, Y., Chiu, Y.H., Lin, T.Y., Huang, Y.Y., (2019), Market share and performance in Taiwanese banks: min/max SBM DEA. Top, 27, 233-252. Search in Google Scholar

43 Lin, Y., (2009), Systemic Yoyos: Some Impacts of the Second Dimension. New York, NY.: Auerbach Publications, an imprint of Taylor and Francis. Search in Google Scholar

44 Lin, Y., Forrest, B., (2012), Systemic Structure behind Human Organizations: From Civilizations to Individuals, New York: Springer. Search in Google Scholar

45 Lincicome, S., (2021), Manufactured Crisis: Deindustrialization. Free Markets, and National Security, Policy Analysis no. 907, Cato Institute, Washington, DC https://doi.org/10.36009/PA.907. Search in Google Scholar

46 Liu, J., Chang, H.H., Forrest, J.YL., Yang, B.H., (2020), Influence of artificial intelligence on technological innovation: Evidence from the panel data of China’s manufacturing sectors, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 158(September), 120142; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120142. Search in Google Scholar

47 Marudas, N.P., Jacobs, F.A., (2008), The effect of organizational inefficiency on donations to U.S. nonprofit organizations and the sensitivity of results to different specifications of organizational size, Proceeding of American Society of Business and Behavioral Society, 15(1), 318-326. Search in Google Scholar

48 Mason, E., (1939), Price and production policies of large-scale enterprise, The American Economic Review, 29(1), 61-74. Search in Google Scholar

49 McGrath, R.G., (2013), The end of competitive advantage: How to keep your strategy moving as fast as your business. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press. Search in Google Scholar

50 Mises, L. von., (1949), Human Action: A Treatise in Economics. New Haven, CT.: Yale University Press. Search in Google Scholar

51 Muthusamy, S.K., Kannan, R., (2023), Profits crisis: evolving patterns of firm size and performance in traditional U.S. industries, Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-023-00268-y. Search in Google Scholar

52 Park, A.Y.S., Krause, R.M., Feiock, R.C., (2019), Does collaboration improve organizational efficiency? A stochastic frontier approach examining cities’ use of EECBG funds, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 29(3), 414-428. Search in Google Scholar

53 Pieri, F., Verruso, R., (2019), The determinants of corporate profitability in the Italian domestic appliances industry, Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 46, 83-115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-018-0108-y Search in Google Scholar

54 Pugh, D.S., Hickson, D.J., Hinings, C.R., Turner, C., (1969), The context of organization structures, Administrative Science Quarterly, 14(1), 91-114. Search in Google Scholar

55 Riordan, M.H., Williamson, O.E., (1985), Asset specificity and economic organization, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 3(4), 365-378. Search in Google Scholar

56 Rousseau, D.M., (2000), Multilevel competencies and missing linkages. In K.J. Klein & S.W.J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research and methods in organizations (pp. 572-582). Jossey-Bass. Search in Google Scholar

57 Rumelt, R., (1991), How much does industry matter?, Strategic Management Journal, 12(3), 17-185. Search in Google Scholar

58 Sandler, T., Tschirhart, J., (1997), Club theory: Thirty years later, Public Choice, 93(3-4), 335-355. Search in Google Scholar

59 Schmalensee, R., (1985), Do markets differ much?, American Economic Review, 75(3), 341-351. Search in Google Scholar

60 Schumacher, S., Boland, M., (2005), The effects of industry and firm resources on profitability in the food economy, Agribusiness, 21(1), 97-108. Search in Google Scholar

61 Seibel, W., (1996), Successful failure: An alternative view on organizational coping, American Behavioral Scientist, 39(8), 1011-1024. Search in Google Scholar

62 Slack, T., (1997). Understanding sport organizations: The application of organization theory. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Search in Google Scholar

63 Stigler, G.J., (1974), The case against big business. In E. Mansfield (ed.), Monopoly Power and Economic Performance, New York: Norton. Search in Google Scholar

64 Stigler, G.J., Becker, G.S., (1977), De gustibus non est disputandum, American Economic Review, 67, 76-90. Search in Google Scholar

65 Tan, J., Peng, M.W., (2003), Organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions: two studies from an emerging economy, Strategic Management Journal, 24(13), 1249-1263. Search in Google Scholar

66 Taylor, P., Barrett, D., Nichols, G., (2009), Survey of sports clubs 2009. London: CCPR. Search in Google Scholar

67 The Economist, (2017), Why General Electric is struggling. November 30th. https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2017/11/30/why-general-electric-is-struggling. Accessed July 30, 2023. Search in Google Scholar

68 Vermeulen, F., (2017), What so many strategists get wrong about digital disruption. Harvard Business Review, Digital Article, January 03 https://hbr.org/2017/01/what-so-many-strategists-get-wrong-aboutdigital-disruption. Accessed July 30, 2023. Search in Google Scholar

69 Vining, A.R., Weimer, D.L., (1999), Inefficiency in public organizations, International Public Management Journal, 2(1), 1-24. Search in Google Scholar

70 Warrian, P., (2016), A profile of the steel industry: Global reinvention for a new economy, Business Expert Press. Search in Google Scholar

71 Watts, D., (2009), Too big to fail? How about too big to exist?, Harvard Business Review, 87(6), 16. Search in Google Scholar

72 Wicker, P., Breuer, C., Lamprecht, M., Fischer, A., (2014), Does club size matter: An examination of economies of scale, economies of scope, and organizational problems, Journal of Sport Management, 28, 266-280. Search in Google Scholar

73 Williamson, O.E., (1975), Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications. New York, NY.: Free Press. Search in Google Scholar

74 Williamson, O.E., (1996), The Mechanisms of Governance. New York: Oxford University Press. Search in Google Scholar

75 Zheng, X., Chau, K.W., Hui, E.C., (2011), Efficiency assessment of listed real estate companies: an empirical study of China, International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 15(2), 91-104. Search in Google Scholar