Reliability, Validity and Responsiveness of the Slovenian Version of the Patient Evaluation Measure (PEM-Slo) in Patients with Wrist and Hand Disorders

Figure 1.

Correlations of different outcome measures with PEM at baseline (T1, n=51)_

	PEM (r)	p value
Grip strength	0.415	0.003
DASH	0.757	<0.001
EQ-5D-5L	0.600	<0.001
EQ-5D-5L-Mobility	0.185	0.193
EQ-5D-5L-Self-care	0.547	<0.001
EQ-5D-5L-Usual activities	0.505	<0.001
EQ-5D-5L-Pain	0.575	<0.001
EQ-5D-5L-Anxiety/Depression	0.417	0.002

Total scores of outcome measures at baseline (T1), second assessment (T2), and follow-up (T3) for all patients (n=51), observed change (T3)-(T1), standardised response mean (SRM) and effect size (ES)_

Outcome measure	Baseline (T1) mean (SD) (range)	Two to four days after T1 (T2) mean (SD) (range)	Follow-up (T3) mean (SD) (range)	Observed change (T3) - (T1) * mean (SD) (range)	ES	SRM
PEM	44.1 (18.7)	37 (17.9)	22 (16.6)	- 21 (14.8)	1.25	1.42
	(3.9-82.1)	(3.9-69.2)	(0-73.1)	(-3.8- -68)
DASH	41.6 (23.5)	/	23.4 (18.9)	-18.8 (17.4)	0.85	1.08
	(5-91)		(0-71.6)	(-55.2- -21.6)
EQ-5D-5L	0.7 (0.15)	/	0.799 (0.15)	0.097 (0.125)	0.66	0.78
	(0.195-1)		(0.522-1)	(-0.193-0.506)
Grip strength (% of the unaffected hand)	40.6 (26.4)	/	61.2 (26.2)	19.7 (19.9)	0.81	0.99
	(7-99)		(9-108)	(-10-70)

Test-retest reliability of PEM-Part Two, PEM-Part Three, and PEM total expressed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI)_

PEM item/question (Q)	ICC (95%CI)
Part Two
Q1	0.599 (0.228-0.774)
Q2	0.791 (0.630-0.882)
Q3	0.824 (0.687-0.901)
Q4	0.789 (0.626-0.881)
Q5	0.798 (0.642-0.886)
Q6	0.684 (0.440-0.882)
Q7	0.848 (0.730-0.914)
Q8	0.871 (0.770-0.927)
Q9	0.714 (0.493-0.839)
Q10	0.825 (0.690-0.901)
Part Three
Q1	0.702 (0.471-0.832)
Q2	0.801 (0.647-0.888)
Q3	0.740 (0.539-0.853)
PEM total (Part Two and Part Three)	0.874 (0.777-0.929)

Demographic and clinical data of patients (n=51), mean number of rehabilitation sessions, and timespan between assessments_

Patients Rehabilitation sessions Timespan between assessments	Number Number Days
Sample size (n)	51
Mean age (years(range))	53.3 (18-78)
Men (n(%))	25 (49)
Distal forearm fracture (n(%))	25 (48.1)
Carpal bones fracture (n(%))	2 (3.8)
Wrist soft tissue injury (n(%))	3 (5.8)
Metacarpal fracture (n(%))	3 (5.8)
Finger fracture (n(%))	7 (13.5)
Interphalangeal joint luxation (n(%))	5 (9.6)
Tendon injury (n(%))	2 (3.8)
Hand soft tissue injury (n(%))	4 (7.7)
Dominant side affected (n(%))	29 (56.9)
Treated surgically (n(%))	16 (31.4)
Number of rehabilitation sessions (mean(range))	10.2 (3-23)
Timespan from T1 to T2 (days) (mean(range))	2.3 (2-4)
Timespan from T1 to T3 (days) (mean(range))	22.2 (10-80)