BIRZU C, TRAN S, BIELLE F, TOUAT M, MOKHTARI K, YOUNAN N, et al. Leptomeningeal Spread in Glioblastoma: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Oncologist. 2020;25(11):e1763–e1776.Search in Google Scholar
LOUIS DN, PERRY A, WESSELING P, BRAT DJ, CREE IA, FIGARELLABRANGER D, et al. The 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system: A summary. Neuro. Oncol. 2021;23:1231–1251.Search in Google Scholar
NOH JH, LEE MH, KIM WS, LIM DH, KIM ST, KONG DS, et al. Optimal treatment of leptomeningeal spread in glioblastoma: analysis of risk factors and outcome. Acta Neurochir. (Wien). 2015;157:569–576.Search in Google Scholar
WANG N, BERTALAN MS, BRASTIANOS PK. Leptomeningeal metastasis from systemic cancer: Review and update on management. Cancer [Internet] 2018; 124: 21–35.Search in Google Scholar
NAYAR G, EJIKEME T, CHONGSATHIDKIET P, ELSAMADICY AA, BLACKWELL KL, CLARKE JM, et al. Leptomeningeal disease: current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Oncotarget. 2017;8(42):73312–73328.Search in Google Scholar
PAN Z, YANG G, HE H, YUAN T, WANG Y, LI Y, et al. Leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors: clinical features and its diagnostic implication. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):10445.Search in Google Scholar
BÖNIG L, MÖHN N, AHLBRECHT J, WURSTER U, RAAB P, PUPPE W, et al. Leptomeningeal Metastasis: The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Diagnostics. Front Neurol. 2019;10:839.Search in Google Scholar
YUNG WKA, HORTEN BC, SHAPIRO WR. Meningeal gliomatosis: A review of 12 cases. Ann Neurol 1980;8:605–608.Search in Google Scholar
HO CY, VANDENBUSSCHE CJ, HUPPMAN AR, CHAUDHRY R, ALI SZ. Cytomorphologic and clinicoradiologic analysis of primary nonhematologic central nervous system tumors with positive cerebrospinal fluid. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015;123(2):123–35.Search in Google Scholar
DARDIS C, MILTON K, ASHBY L, SHAPIRO W. Leptomeningeal metastases in high-grade adult glioma: development, diagnosis, management, and outcomes in a series of 34 patients. Front Neurol. 2014;5:220.Search in Google Scholar
ANDERSEN BM, MIRANDA C, HATZOGLOU V, DEANGELIS LM, MILLER AM. Leptomeningeal metastases in glioma: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center experience. Neurology. 2019;92(21):e2483–e2491.Search in Google Scholar
IJZERMAN-KOREVAAR M, SNIJDERS TJ, DE GRAEFF A, TEUNISSEN SCCM, DE VOS FYF. Prevalence of symptoms in glioma patients throughout the disease trajectory: a systematic review. J Neurooncol. 2018;140(3):485–496.Search in Google Scholar