A new approach to cardiac fat volume assessment and the correlation with coronary artery calcification

1. HANSSON G.K., Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, N. Engl. J. Med., 2005, 352(16):1685–95.10.1056/NEJMra043430Search in Google Scholar

2. SUWAIDI J.A., HAMASAKI S., HIGANO S.T., NISHIMURA R.A., HOLMES D.R. Jr., LERMAN A., Long-term follow-up of patients with mild coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction, Circulation, 2000, 101(9):948–54.10.1161/01.CIR.101.9.948Search in Google Scholar

3. FUSTER V., BADIMON L., BADIMON J.J., CHESEBRO J.H., The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes (2), N. Engl. J. Med., 1992, 326(5):310–8.10.1056/NEJM199201303260506Search in Google Scholar

4. LIBBY P., THEROUX P., Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease, Circulation, 2005, 111(25):3481–8.10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.537878Search in Google Scholar

5. LIAO J., FARMER J., Arterial stiffness as a risk factor for coronary artery disease, Curr. Atheroscler. Rep., 2014, 16(2):387.10.1007/s11883-013-0387-8Search in Google Scholar

6. MCCLELLAND R.L., JORGENSEN N.W., BUDOFF M., BLAHA M.J., POST W.S., KRONMAL R.A. et al., 10-Year Coronary Heart Disease Risk Prediction Using Coronary Artery Calcium and Traditional Risk Factors: Derivation in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with Validation in the HNR (Heinz Nixdorf Recall) Study and the DHS (Dallas Heart Study), J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2015, 66(15):1643–53.Search in Google Scholar

7. AGATSTON A.S., JANOWITZ W.R., HILDNER F.J., ZUSMER N.R., VIAMONTE M. Jr., DETRANO R., Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 1990, 15(4):827–32.10.1016/0735-1097(90)90282-TSearch in Google Scholar

8. HOU Z.H., LU B., GAO Y., JIANG S.L., WANG Y., LI W. et al., Prognostic value of coronary CT angiography and calcium score for major adverse cardiac events in outpatients, JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging, 2012, 5(10):990–9.10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.06.006Search in Google Scholar

9. SHARMA A.M., Adipose tissue: a mediator of cardiovascular risk, Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 2002, 26 Suppl 4:S5–7.10.1038/sj.ijo.080221012457291Search in Google Scholar

10. BACHAR G.N., DICKER D., KORNOWSKI R., ATAR E., Epicardial adipose tissue as a predictor of coronary artery disease in asymptomatic subjects, Am. J. Cardiol., 2012, 110(4):534–8.10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.04.024Search in Google Scholar

11. DJABERI R., SCHUIJF J.D., VAN WERKHOVEN J.M., NUCIFORA G., JUKEMA J.W., BAX J.J., Relation of epicardial adipose tissue to coronary atherosclerosis, Am. J. Cardiol., 2008, 102(12):1602–7.10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.08.010Search in Google Scholar

12. LANG R.M., BADANO L.P., MOR-AVI V., AFILALO J., ARMSTRONG A., ERNANDE L. et al., Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, 2015, 16(3):233–70.10.1093/ehjci/jev014Search in Google Scholar

13. MAHABADI A.A., MASSARO J.M., ROSITO G.A., LEVY D., MURABITO J.M., WOLF P.A. et al., Association of pericardial fat, intrathoracic fat, and visceral abdominal fat with cardiovascular disease burden: the Framingham Heart Study, Eur. Heart J., 2009, 30(7):850–6.10.1093/eurheartj/ehn573Search in Google Scholar

14. GORTER P.M., DE VOS A.M., VAN DER GRAAF Y., STELLA P.R., DOEVENDANS P.A., MEIJS M.F. et al., Relation of epicardial and pericoronary fat to coronary atherosclerosis and coronary artery calcium in patients undergoing coronary angiography, Am. J. Cardiol., 2008, 102(4):380–5.10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.002Search in Google Scholar

15. YUSUF S., HAWKEN S., OUNPUU S., BAUTISTA L., FRANZOSI M.G., COMMERFORD P. et al., Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27,000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study, Lancet, 2005, 366(9497):1640–9.10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67663-5Search in Google Scholar

16. RIMM E.B., STAMPFER M.J., GIOVANNUCCI E., ASCHERIO A., SPIEGELMAN D., COLDITZ G.A. et al., Body size and fat distribution as predictors of coronary heart disease among middle-aged and older US men, Am. J. Epidemiol., 1995, 141(12):1117–27.10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117385Search in Google Scholar

17. SMITH U., HAMMERSTEN J., BJORNTORP P., KRAL J.G., Regional differences and effect of weight reduction on human fat cell metabolism, Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 1979, 9(5):327–32.10.1111/j.1365-2362.1979.tb00892.xSearch in Google Scholar

18. BARANDIER C., MONTANI J.P., YANG Z., Mature adipocytes and perivascular adipose tissue stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation: effects of aging and obesity, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2005, 289(5):H1807–13.10.1152/ajpheart.01259.200416024563Search in Google Scholar

19. DUBROVSKA G., VERLOHREN S., LUFT F.C., GOLLASCH M., Mechanisms of ADRF release from rat aortic adventitial adipose tissue, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2004, 286(3):H1107–13.10.1152/ajpheart.00656.200314644761Search in Google Scholar

20. DING J., KRITCHEVSKY S.B., HARRIS T.B., BURKE G.L., DETRANO R.C., SZKLO M. et al., The association of pericardial fat with calcified coronary plaque, Obesity (Silver Spring), 2008, 16(8):1914–9.10.1038/oby.2008.278409812918535554Search in Google Scholar

21. IACOBELLIS G., PISTILLI D., GUCCIARDO M., LEONETTI F., MIRALDI F., BRANCACCIO G. et al., Adiponectin expression in human epicardial adipose tissue in vivo is lower in patients with coronary artery disease, Cytokine, 2005, 29(6):251–5.10.1016/j.cyto.2004.11.002Search in Google Scholar

22. DING J., KRITCHEVSKY S.B., HARRIS T.B., BURKE G.L., DETRANO R.C., SZKLO M. et al., The association of pericardial fat with calcified coronary plaque, Obesity, 2008, 16(8):1914–9.10.1038/oby.2008.278Search in Google Scholar

23. NAPPI C., PONSIGLIONE A., ACAMPA W., GAUDIERI V., ZAMPELLA E., ASSANTE R. et al., Relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and coronary vascular function in patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal myocardial perfusion imaging, Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, 2019, 20(12):1379–87.10.1093/ehjci/jez182Search in Google Scholar

24. COMMANDEUR F., SLOMKA P.J., GOELLER M., CHEN X., CADET S., RAZIPOUR A. et al., Machine learning to predict the long-term risk of myocardial infarction and cardiac death based on clinical risk, coronary calcium, and epicardial adipose tissue: a prospective study, Cardiovasc. Res., 2019.10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0002Search in Google Scholar

25. ASLANABADI N., SALEHI R., JAVADRASHID A., TARZAMNI M., KHODADAD B., ENAMZADEH E. et al., Epicardial and pericardial fat volume correlate with the severity of coronary artery stenosis, J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Res., 2014, 6(4):235–9.10.15171/jcvtr.2014.018Search in Google Scholar