Accès libre

Isolated coronary artery ectasia presenting as inferior-posterior STEMI—a case-based state-of-the-art review of the current literature

À propos de cet article

Citez

Björk L. Ectasia of the coronary arteries. Radiology 1966; 87(1):33-4. Björk L. Ectasia of the coronary arteries . Radiology 1966 ; 87 ( 1 ): 33 - 4 . Search in Google Scholar

Jarcho S. Bougon on coronary aneurysm (1812). Am J Cardiol 1969; 24(4):551-3. Jarcho S. Bougon on coronary aneurysm (1812) . Am J Cardiol 1969 ; 24 ( 4 ): 551 - 3 . Search in Google Scholar

Esposito L, Di Maio M, Silverio A, Cancro FP, Bellino M, Attisano T, et al. Treatment and outcome of patients with coronary artery ectasia: current evidence and novel opportunities for an old dilemma. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:805727. Esposito L Di Maio M Silverio A Cancro FP Bellino M Attisano T. Treatment and outcome of patients with coronary artery ectasia: current evidence and novel opportunities for an old dilemma . Front Cardiovasc Med 2021 ; 8 : 805727 . Search in Google Scholar

Markis JE, Cohn PF, Feen DJ, Herman MV, Gorlin R. Clinical significance of coronary arterial ectasia. Am J Cardiol 1976; 37:217-21. Markis JE Cohn PF Feen DJ Herman MV Gorlin R. Clinical significance of coronary arterial ectasia . Am J Cardiol 1976 ; 37 : 217 - 21 . Search in Google Scholar

Hartnell GG, Parnell BM, Pridie RB. Coronary artery ectasia: its prevalence and clinical significance in 4993 patients. Br Heart J 1985; 54:392-5. Hartnell GG Parnell BM Pridie RB. Coronary artery ectasia: its prevalence and clinical significance in 4993 patients . Br Heart J 1985 ; 54 : 392 - 5 . Search in Google Scholar

Mavrogeni S. Coronary artery ectasia: from diagnosis to treatment. Hellenic J Cardiol 2010; 51:158-63. Mavrogeni S. Coronary artery ectasia: from diagnosis to treatment . Hellenic J Cardiol 2010 ; 51 : 158 - 63 . Search in Google Scholar

Papadakis MC, Cotileas P, Demopoulos V, Voudris V, Pavlides G, Foussas SG, Cokkinos DV. Documentation of slow coronary flow by the TIMI frame count in patients with coronary ectasia. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88:1030-2. Papadakis MC Cotileas P Demopoulos V Voudris V Pavlides G Foussas SG Cokkinos DV. Documentation of slow coronary flow by the TIMI frame count in patients with coronary ectasia . Am J Cardiol 2001 ; 88 : 1030 - 2 . Search in Google Scholar

al-Harthi SS, Nouh MS, Arafa M, al-Nozha M. Aneurysmal dilatation of the coronary arteries: diagnostic patterns and clinical significance. Int J Cardiol 1991; 30(2):191-4. al-Harthi SS Nouh MS Arafa M al-Nozha M. Aneurysmal dilatation of the coronary arteries: diagnostic patterns and clinical significance . Int J Cardiol 1991 ; 30 ( 2 ): 191 - 4 . Search in Google Scholar

Swaye PS, Fisher LD, Litwin P, Vignola PA, Judkins MP, Kemp HG, et al. Aneurysmal coronary artery disease. Circulation 1983; 67:134-8. Swaye PS Fisher LD Litwin P Vignola PA Judkins MP Kemp HG. Aneurysmal coronary artery disease . Circulation 1983 ; 67 : 134 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Antoniadis AP, Chatzizisis YS, Giannoglou GD. Pathogenetic mechanisms of coronary ectasia. Int J Cardiol 2008; 130(3):335-43. Antoniadis AP Chatzizisis YS Giannoglou GD. Pathogenetic mechanisms of coronary ectasia . Int J Cardiol 2008 ; 130 ( 3 ): 335 - 43 . Search in Google Scholar

Farrag A, Faramawy AE, Salem MA, Wahab RA, Ghareeb S. Coronary artery ectasia diagnosed using multidetector computed tomography: morphology and relation to coronary artery calcification. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 29(2):427-33. Farrag A Faramawy AE Salem MA Wahab RA Ghareeb S. Coronary artery ectasia diagnosed using multidetector computed tomography: morphology and relation to coronary artery calcification . Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013 ; 29 ( 2 ): 427 - 33 . Search in Google Scholar

Keeley EC, Boura JA, Grines CL. Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials. Lancet 2003; 361(9351):13-20. Keeley EC Boura JA Grines CL. Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials . Lancet 2003 ; 361 ( 9351 ): 13 - 20 . Search in Google Scholar

Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Costa F, Jeppsson A, et al. 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: the task force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J 2018; 39(3):213-60. Valgimigli M Bueno H Byrne RA Collet JP Costa F Jeppsson A. 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: the task force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) . Eur Heart J 2018 ; 39 ( 3 ): 213 - 60 . Search in Google Scholar

Sharma SN, Kaul U, Sharma S, Wasir HS, Manchanda SC, Bahl VK, et al. Coronary arteriographic profile in young and old Indian patients with ischaemic heart disease: a comparative study. Indian Heart J 1990; 42(5):365-9. Sharma SN Kaul U Sharma S Wasir HS Manchanda SC Bahl VK. Coronary arteriographic profile in young and old Indian patients with ischaemic heart disease: a comparative study . Indian Heart J 1990 ; 42 ( 5 ): 365 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Ahmed N, Abubakr Ali Saad Muhammad Masood Iqbal, Hadi Yousaf, Zubair Zaffar. Coronary artery ectasia, its clinical profile and angiographic characteristics, single centre experience. Annals 2013; 19(1):87-91. Ahmed N Iqbal Abubakr Ali Saad Muhammad Masood Yousaf Hadi Zaffar. Zubair Coronary artery ectasia, its clinical profile and angiographic characteristics, single centre experience . Annals 2013 ; 19 ( 1 ): 87 - 91 . Search in Google Scholar

Daoud AS, Pankin D, Tulgan H, Florentin RA. Aneurysms of the coronary artery. Report of ten cases and review of literature. Am J Cardiol 1963; 11:228-37. Daoud AS Pankin D Tulgan H Florentin RA. Aneurysms of the coronary artery. Report of ten cases and review of literature . Am J Cardiol 1963 ; 11 : 228 - 37 . Search in Google Scholar

Stajduhar KC, Laird JR, Rogan KM, Wortham DC. Coronary arterial ectasia: increased prevalence in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm as compared to occlusive atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease. Am Heart J 1993; 125(1):86-92. Stajduhar KC Laird JR Rogan KM Wortham DC. Coronary arterial ectasia: increased prevalence in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm as compared to occlusive atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease . Am Heart J 1993 ; 125 ( 1 ): 86 - 92 . Search in Google Scholar

Gunasekaran P, Stanojevic D, Drees T, Fritzlen J, Haghnegahdar M, McCullough M, et al. Prognostic significance, angiographic characteristics and impact of antithrombotic and anticoagulant therapy on outcomes in high versus low grade coronary artery ectasia: a long-term follow-up study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 93(7):1219-27. Gunasekaran P Stanojevic D Drees T Fritzlen J Haghnegahdar M McCullough M. Prognostic significance, angiographic characteristics and impact of antithrombotic and anticoagulant therapy on outcomes in high versus low grade coronary artery ectasia: a long-term follow-up study . Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019 ; 93 ( 7 ): 1219 - 27 . Search in Google Scholar

Ben Abderrahim S, Gharbaoui M, Zaara MA, Rammeh-Rommani S, Hamdoun M, Ben Khelil M. Fatal coronary ectasia: an autopsy case report and review of literature. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 79:102132. Ben Abderrahim S Gharbaoui M Zaara MA Rammeh-Rommani S Hamdoun M Ben Khelil M. Fatal coronary ectasia: an autopsy case report and review of literature . J Forensic Leg Med 2021 ; 79 : 102132 . Search in Google Scholar

Bell MR, Garratt KN, Bresnahan JF, Edwards WD, Holmes Jr. DR. Relation of deep arterial resection and coronary artery aneurysms after directional coronary atherectomy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20(7):1474-81. Bell MR Garratt KN Bresnahan JF Edwards WD Holmes DR. Jr. Relation of deep arterial resection and coronary artery aneurysms after directional coronary atherectomy . J Am Coll Cardiol 1992 ; 20 ( 7 ): 1474 - 81 . Search in Google Scholar

Pavlakis GP, Stella PR. Coronary aneurysm formation after primary coronary angioplasty. Hellenic J Cardiol 2008; 49(2):106-10. Pavlakis GP Stella PR. Coronary aneurysm formation after primary coronary angioplasty . Hellenic J Cardiol 2008 ; 49 ( 2 ): 106 - 10 . Search in Google Scholar

Condado JA, Waksman R, Gurdiel O, Espinosa R, Gonzalez J, Burger B, et al. Long-term angiographic and clinical outcome after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and intracoronary radiation therapy in humans. Circulation 1997; 96(3):727-32. Condado JA Waksman R Gurdiel O Espinosa R Gonzalez J Burger B. Long-term angiographic and clinical outcome after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and intracoronary radiation therapy in humans . Circulation 1997 ; 96 ( 3 ): 727 - 32 . Search in Google Scholar

Sanidas EA, Vavuranakis M, Papaioannou TG, Kakadiaris IA, Carlier S, Syros G, et al. Study of atheromatous plaque using intravascular ultrasound. Hellenic J Cardiol 2008; 49(6):415-21. Sanidas EA Vavuranakis M Papaioannou TG Kakadiaris IA Carlier S Syros G. Study of atheromatous plaque using intravascular ultrasound . Hellenic J Cardiol 2008 ; 49 ( 6 ): 415 - 21 . Search in Google Scholar

Saotome M, Satoh H, Uehara A, Katoh H, Terada H, Hayashi H. Coronary ectasia with slow flow related to apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a case report. Angiology 2005; 56(1):103-6. Saotome M Satoh H Uehara A Katoh H Terada H Hayashi H. Coronary ectasia with slow flow related to apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a case report . Angiology 2005 ; 56 ( 1 ): 103 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Khedr A, Neupane B, Proskuriakova E, Jada K, Kakieu Djossi S, Mostafa JA. Pharmacologic management of coronary artery ectasia. Cureus 2021; 13(9):e17832. Khedr A Neupane B Proskuriakova E Jada K Kakieu Djossi S Mostafa JA. Pharmacologic management of coronary artery ectasia . Cureus 2021 ; 13 ( 9 ): e17832 . Search in Google Scholar

Boles U, Wiklund U, David S, Ahmed K, Henein MY. Coronary artery ectasia carries a worse prognosis: a long-term follow-up study. Pol Arch Intern Med 2019; 129(11):833-5. Boles U Wiklund U David S Ahmed K Henein MY. Coronary artery ectasia carries a worse prognosis: a long-term follow-up study . Pol Arch Intern Med 2019 ; 129 ( 11 ): 833 - 5 . Search in Google Scholar

Ipek G, Gungor B, Karatas MB, Onuk T, Keskin M, Tanik O, et al. Risk factors and outcomes in patients with ectatic infarct-related artery who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention after ST elevated myocardial infarction. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 88(5):748-53. Ipek G Gungor B Karatas MB Onuk T Keskin M Tanik O. Risk factors and outcomes in patients with ectatic infarct-related artery who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention after ST elevated myocardial infarction . Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2016 ; 88 ( 5 ): 748 - 53 . Search in Google Scholar

Boles U, Zhao Y, David S, Eriksson P, Henein MY. Pure coronary ectasia differs from atherosclerosis: morphological and risk factors analysis. Int J Cardiol 2012; 155(2):321-3. Boles U Zhao Y David S Eriksson P Henein MY. Pure coronary ectasia differs from atherosclerosis: morphological and risk factors analysis . Int J Cardiol 2012 ; 155 ( 2 ): 321 - 3 . Search in Google Scholar

Satran A, Bart BA, Henry CR, Murad MB, Talukdar S, Satran D, et al. Increased prevalence of coronary artery aneurysms among cocaine users. Circulation 2005; 111(19):2424-9. Satran A Bart BA Henry CR Murad MB Talukdar S Satran D. Increased prevalence of coronary artery aneurysms among cocaine users . Circulation 2005 ; 111 ( 19 ): 2424 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Sudhir K, Ports TA, Amidon TM, Goldberger JJ, Bhushan V, Kane JP, et al. Increased prevalence of coronary ectasia in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Circulation 1995; 91(5):1375-80. Sudhir K Ports TA Amidon TM Goldberger JJ Bhushan V Kane JP. Increased prevalence of coronary ectasia in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia . Circulation 1995 ; 91 ( 5 ): 1375 - 80 . Search in Google Scholar

Ramappa P, Kottam A, Kuivanemi H, Thatai D. Coronary artery ectasia—is it time for a reappraisal? Clin Cardiol 2007; 30(5):214-7. Ramappa P Kottam A Kuivanemi H Thatai D. Coronary artery ectasia—is it time for a reappraisal? Clin Cardiol 2007 ; 30 ( 5 ): 214 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Androulakis AE, Andrikopoulos GK, Kartalis AN, Stougiannos PN, Katsaros AA, Syrogiannidis DN, et al. Relation of coronary artery ectasia to diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93(9):1165-7. Androulakis AE Andrikopoulos GK Kartalis AN Stougiannos PN Katsaros AA Syrogiannidis DN. Relation of coronary artery ectasia to diabetes mellitus . Am J Cardiol 2004 ; 93 ( 9 ): 1165 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Boles U, Johansson A, Wiklund U, Sharif Z, David S, McGrory S, et al. Cytokine disturbances in coronary artery ectasia do not support atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19(1). Boles U Johansson A Wiklund U Sharif Z David S McGrory S. Cytokine disturbances in coronary artery ectasia do not support atherosclerosis pathogenesis . Int J Mol Sci 2018 ; 19 ( 1 ). Search in Google Scholar

Boles U, Pinto RC, David S, Abdullah AS, Henein MY. Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism in coronary ectasia: an extended lipidomic analysis. Int J Cardiol 2017; 228:303-8. Boles U Pinto RC David S Abdullah AS Henein MY. Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism in coronary ectasia: an extended lipidomic analysis . Int J Cardiol 2017 ; 228 : 303 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Swanton RH, Thomas ML, Coltart DJ, Jenkins BS, Webb-Peploe MM, Williams BT. Coronary artery ectasia—a variant of occlusive coronary arteriosclerosis. Br Heart J 1978; 40(4):393-400. Swanton RH Thomas ML Coltart DJ Jenkins BS Webb-Peploe MM Williams BT. Coronary artery ectasia—a variant of occlusive coronary arteriosclerosis . Br Heart J 1978 ; 40 ( 4 ): 393 - 400 . Search in Google Scholar

Roberts WC. Natural history, clinical consequences, and morphologic features of coronary arterial aneurysms in adults. Am J Cardiol 2011; 108(6):814-21. Roberts WC. Natural history, clinical consequences, and morphologic features of coronary arterial aneurysms in adults . Am J Cardiol 2011 ; 108 ( 6 ): 814 - 21 . Search in Google Scholar

Collins MJ, Borges AJ, Singh G, Pillai JB, David TE, Leong SW, et al. A giant coronary artery aneurysm in the right coronary artery. Cardiovasc Pathol 2006; 15(3):150-2. Collins MJ Borges AJ Singh G Pillai JB David TE Leong SW. A giant coronary artery aneurysm in the right coronary artery . Cardiovasc Pathol 2006 ; 15 ( 3 ): 150 - 2 . Search in Google Scholar

Befeler B, Aranda MJ, Embi A, Mullin FL, El-Sherif N, Lazzara R. Coronary artery aneurysms: study of the etiology, clinical course and effect on left ventricular function and prognosis. Am J Med 1977; 62(4):597-607. Befeler B Aranda MJ Embi A Mullin FL El-Sherif N Lazzara R. Coronary artery aneurysms: study of the etiology, clinical course and effect on left ventricular function and prognosis . Am J Med 1977 ; 62 ( 4 ): 597 - 607 . Search in Google Scholar

Virmani R, Robinowitz M, Atkinson JB, Forman MB, Silver MD, McAllister HA. Acquired coronary arterial aneurysms: an autopsy study of 52 patients. Hum Pathol 1986; 17(6):575-83. Virmani R Robinowitz M Atkinson JB Forman MB Silver MD McAllister HA. Acquired coronary arterial aneurysms: an autopsy study of 52 patients . Hum Pathol 1986 ; 17 ( 6 ): 575 - 83 . Search in Google Scholar

Glagov S, Weisenberg E, Zarins CK, Stankunavicius R, Kolettis GJ. Compensatory enlargement of human atherosclerotic coronary arteries. N Engl J Med 1987; 316(22):1371-5. Glagov S Weisenberg E Zarins CK Stankunavicius R Kolettis GJ. Compensatory enlargement of human atherosclerotic coronary arteries . N Engl J Med 1987 ; 316 ( 22 ): 1371 - 5 . Search in Google Scholar

Chatzizisis YS, Jonas M, Coskun AU, Beigel R, Stone BV, Maynard C, et al. Prediction of the localization of high-risk coronary atherosclerotic plaques on the basis of low endothelial shear stress: an intravascular ultrasound and histopathology natural history study. Circulation 2008; 117(8):993-1002. Chatzizisis YS Jonas M Coskun AU Beigel R Stone BV Maynard C. Prediction of the localization of high-risk coronary atherosclerotic plaques on the basis of low endothelial shear stress: an intravascular ultrasound and histopathology natural history study . Circulation 2008 ; 117 ( 8 ): 993 - 1002 . Search in Google Scholar

Bentzon JF, Pasterkamp G, Falk E. Expansive remodeling is a response of the plaque-related vessel wall in aortic roots of apoE-deficient mice: an experiment of nature. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23(2):257-62. Bentzon JF Pasterkamp G Falk E. Expansive remodeling is a response of the plaque-related vessel wall in aortic roots of apoE-deficient mice: an experiment of nature . Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003 ; 23 ( 2 ): 257 - 62 . Search in Google Scholar

Chatzizisis YS, Coskun AU, Jonas M, Edelman ER, Feldman CL, Stone PH. Role of endothelial shear stress in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling: molecular, cellular, and vascular behavior. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49(25):2379-93. Chatzizisis YS Coskun AU Jonas M Edelman ER Feldman CL Stone PH. Role of endothelial shear stress in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling: molecular, cellular, and vascular behavior . J Am Coll Cardiol 2007 ; 49 ( 25 ): 2379 - 93 . Search in Google Scholar

Chatzizisis YS, Coskun AU, Jonas M, Edelman ER, Stone PH, Feldman CL. Risk stratification of individual coronary lesions using local endothelial shear stress: a new paradigm for managing coronary artery disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 2007; 22(6):552-64. Chatzizisis YS Coskun AU Jonas M Edelman ER Stone PH Feldman CL. Risk stratification of individual coronary lesions using local endothelial shear stress: a new paradigm for managing coronary artery disease . Curr Opin Cardiol 2007 ; 22 ( 6 ): 552 - 64 . Search in Google Scholar

Pranata R, Yonas E, Chintya V, Alkatiri AA. Is anticoagulant necessary in patients with coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute coronary syndrome? A systematic review of case reports. Int J Angiol 2019; 28(4):231-6. Pranata R Yonas E Chintya V Alkatiri AA. Is anticoagulant necessary in patients with coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute coronary syndrome? A systematic review of case reports . Int J Angiol 2019 ; 28 ( 4 ): 231 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Liu J, Sukhova GK, Yang JT, Sun J, Ma L, Ren A, et al. Cathepsin L expression and regulation in human abdominal aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, and vascular cells. Atherosclerosis 2006; 184(2):302-11. Liu J Sukhova GK Yang JT Sun J Ma L Ren A. Cathepsin L expression and regulation in human abdominal aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, and vascular cells . Atherosclerosis 2006 ; 184 ( 2 ): 302 - 11 . Search in Google Scholar

Prescott MF, Sawyer WK, Von Linden-Reed J, Jeune M, Chou M, Caplan SL, Jeng AY. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on progression of atherosclerosis and aneurysm in LDL receptor-deficient mice overexpressing MMP-3, MMP-12, and MMP-13 and on restenosis in rats after balloon injury. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1999; 878(1):179-90. Prescott MF Sawyer WK Von Linden-Reed J Jeune M Chou M Caplan SL Jeng AY. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on progression of atherosclerosis and aneurysm in LDL receptor-deficient mice overexpressing MMP-3, MMP-12, and MMP-13 and on restenosis in rats after balloon injury . Ann NY Acad Sci. 1999 ; 878 ( 1 ): 179 - 90 . Search in Google Scholar

Sukhova GK, Wang B, Libby P, Pan JH, Zhang Y, Grubb A, et al. Cystatin C deficiency increases elastic lamina degradation and aortic dilatation in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Circ Res 2005; 96(3):368-75. Sukhova GK Wang B Libby P Pan JH Zhang Y Grubb A. Cystatin C deficiency increases elastic lamina degradation and aortic dilatation in apolipoprotein E-null mice . Circ Res 2005 ; 96 ( 3 ): 368 - 75 . Search in Google Scholar

Dogan A, Tuzun N, Turker Y, Akcay S, Kaya S, Ozaydin M. Matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory markers in coronary artery ectasia: their relationship to severity of coronary artery ectasia. Coron Artery Dis 2008; 19(8):559-63. Dogan A Tuzun N Turker Y Akcay S Kaya S Ozaydin M. Matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory markers in coronary artery ectasia: their relationship to severity of coronary artery ectasia . Coron Artery Dis 2008 ; 19 ( 8 ): 559 - 63 . Search in Google Scholar

Vrachatis DA, Papathanasiou KA, Kazantzis D, Sanz-Sanchez J, Giotaki SG, Raisakis K, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers in coronary artery ectasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12(5). Vrachatis DA Papathanasiou KA Kazantzis D Sanz-Sanchez J Giotaki SG Raisakis K. Inflammatory biomarkers in coronary artery ectasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 ; 12 ( 5 ). Search in Google Scholar

Gulec S, Atmaca Y, Kilickap M, Akyurek O, Aras O, Oral D. Angiographic assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91(8):996-9, A7. Gulec S Atmaca Y Kilickap M Akyurek O Aras O Oral D. Angiographic assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia . Am J Cardiol 2003 ; 91 ( 8 ): 996 - 9 , A7 . Search in Google Scholar

Turhan H, Erbay AR, Yasar AS, Aksoy Y, Bicer A, Yetkin G, et al. Plasma soluble adhesion molecules: intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin levels in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Coron Artery Dis 2005; 16(1):45-50. Turhan H Erbay AR Yasar AS Aksoy Y Bicer A Yetkin G. Plasma soluble adhesion molecules: intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin levels in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia . Coron Artery Dis 2005 ; 16 ( 1 ): 45 - 50 . Search in Google Scholar

Bencze J, Kiss RG, Toth-Zsamboki E, Vargova K, Kerecsen G, Korda A, et al. Inverse correlation between coronary blood flow velocity and sICAM-1 level observed in ischemic heart disease patients. Atherosclerosis 2006; 188(1):142-9. Bencze J Kiss RG Toth-Zsamboki E Vargova K Kerecsen G Korda A. Inverse correlation between coronary blood flow velocity and sICAM-1 level observed in ischemic heart disease patients . Atherosclerosis 2006 ; 188 ( 1 ): 142 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Akyürek O, Berkalp B, Sayin T, Kumbasar D, Kervancioglu C, Oral D. Altered coronary flow properties in diffuse coronary artery ectasia. Am Heart J 2003; 145(1):66-72. Akyürek O Berkalp B Sayin T Kumbasar D Kervancioglu C Oral D. Altered coronary flow properties in diffuse coronary artery ectasia . Am Heart J 2003 ; 145 ( 1 ): 66 - 72 . Search in Google Scholar

Camejo G. The interaction of lipids and lipoproteins with the intercellular matrix of arterial tissue: its possible role in atherogenesis. Adv Lipid Res 1982; 19:1-53. Camejo G. The interaction of lipids and lipoproteins with the intercellular matrix of arterial tissue: its possible role in atherogenesis . Adv Lipid Res 1982 ; 19 : 1 - 53 . Search in Google Scholar

Galis ZS, Sukhova GK, Kranzhofer R, Clark S, Libby P Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrixdegrading proteinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92(2):402-6. Galis ZS Sukhova GK Kranzhofer R Clark S Libby P Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrixdegrading proteinases . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995 ; 92 ( 2 ): 402 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Thompson GR, Myant NB, Kilpatrick D, Oakley CM, Raphael MJ, Steiner RE. Assessment of long-term plasma exchange for familial hypercholesterolaemia. Br Heart J 1980; 43(6):680-8. Thompson GR Myant NB Kilpatrick D Oakley CM Raphael MJ Steiner RE. Assessment of long-term plasma exchange for familial hypercholesterolaemia . Br Heart J 1980 ; 43 ( 6 ): 680 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Savino M, Parisi Q, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Pristipino C, Cianflone D, Crea F. New insights into molecular mechanisms of diffuse coronary ectasiae: a possible role for VEGF. Int J Cardiol 2006; 106(3):307-12. Savino M Parisi Q Biondi-Zoccai GG Pristipino C Cianflone D Crea F. New insights into molecular mechanisms of diffuse coronary ectasiae: a possible role for VEGF . Int J Cardiol 2006 ; 106 ( 3 ): 307 - 12 . Search in Google Scholar

Unemori EN, Ferrara N, Bauer EA, Amento EP. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces interstitial collagenase expression in human endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 1992; 153(3):557-62. Unemori EN Ferrara N Bauer EA Amento EP. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces interstitial collagenase expression in human endothelial cells . J Cell Physiol 1992 ; 153 ( 3 ): 557 - 62 . Search in Google Scholar

Singh BM, Mehta JL. Interactions between the renin-angiotensin system and dyslipidemia: relevance in the therapy of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163(11):1296-304. Singh BM Mehta JL. Interactions between the renin-angiotensin system and dyslipidemia: relevance in the therapy of hypertension and coronary heart disease . Arch Intern Med 2003 ; 163 ( 11 ): 1296 - 304 . Search in Google Scholar

Uyarel H, Okmen E, Tartan Z, Kasikcioglu H, Dayi SU, Karabulut A, et al. The role of angiotensin converting enzyme genotype in coronary artery ectasia. Int Heart J 2005; 46(1):89-96. Uyarel H Okmen E Tartan Z Kasikcioglu H Dayi SU Karabulut A. The role of angiotensin converting enzyme genotype in coronary artery ectasia . Int Heart J 2005 ; 46 ( 1 ): 89 - 96 . Search in Google Scholar

Schieffer B, Schieffer E, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Hilfiker A, Kovanen PT, Kaartinen M, et al. Expression of angiotensin II and interleukin 6 in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for inflammation and plaque instability. Circulation 2000; 101(12):1372-8. Schieffer B Schieffer E Hilfiker-Kleiner D Hilfiker A Kovanen PT Kaartinen M. Expression of angiotensin II and interleukin 6 in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for inflammation and plaque instability . Circulation 2000 ; 101 ( 12 ): 1372 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Anderson PW, Zhang XY, Tian J, Correale JD, Xi XP, Yang D, et al. Insulin and angiotensin II are additive in stimulating TGF-beta 1 and matrix mRNAs in mesangial cells. Kidney Int 1996; 50(3):745-53. Anderson PW Zhang XY Tian J Correale JD Xi XP Yang D. Insulin and angiotensin II are additive in stimulating TGF-beta 1 and matrix mRNAs in mesangial cells . Kidney Int 1996 ; 50 ( 3 ): 745 - 53 . Search in Google Scholar

Murase Y, Yagi K, Kobayashi J, Nohara A, Asano A, Koizumi J, et al. Association of coronary artery ectasia with plasma insulin levels in Japanese men of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene mutation K790X. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 355(1-2):33-9. Murase Y Yagi K Kobayashi J Nohara A Asano A Koizumi J. Association of coronary artery ectasia with plasma insulin levels in Japanese men of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene mutation K790X . Clin Chim Acta 2005 ; 355 ( 1-2 ): 33 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Sorrell VL, Davis MJ, Bove AA. Origins of coronary artery ectasia. Lancet 1996; 347(8995):136-7. Sorrell VL Davis MJ Bove AA. Origins of coronary artery ectasia . Lancet 1996 ; 347 ( 8995 ): 136 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Hsu P-C, Su H-M, Lee H-C, Juo S-H, Lin T-H, Voon W-C, et al. Coronary collateral circulation in patients of coronary ectasia with significant coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2014; 9(1):e87001. Hsu P-C Su H-M Lee H-C Juo S-H Lin T-H Voon W-C. Coronary collateral circulation in patients of coronary ectasia with significant coronary artery disease . PLoS One 2014 ; 9 ( 1 ): e87001 . Search in Google Scholar

Mavrogeni S, Manoussakis MN, Karagiorga TC, Douskou M, Panagiotakos D, Bournia V, et al. Detection of coronary artery lesions and myocardial necrosis by magnetic resonance in systemic necrotizing vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 61(8):1121-9. Mavrogeni S Manoussakis MN Karagiorga TC Douskou M Panagiotakos D Bournia V. Detection of coronary artery lesions and myocardial necrosis by magnetic resonance in systemic necrotizing vasculitides . Arthritis Rheum 2009 ; 61 ( 8 ): 1121 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Baldi C, Silverio A, Esposito L, Di Maio M, Tarantino F, De Angelis E, et al. Clinical outcome of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and angiographic evidence of coronary artery ectasia. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 99(2):340-7. Baldi C Silverio A Esposito L Di Maio M Tarantino F De Angelis E. Clinical outcome of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and angiographic evidence of coronary artery ectasia . Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2022 ; 99 ( 2 ): 340 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Zografos TA, Korovesis S, Giazitzoglou E, Kokladi M, Venetsanakos I, Paxinos G, et al. Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with coronary artery ectasia. Int J Cardiol 2013; 167(4):1536-41. Zografos TA Korovesis S Giazitzoglou E Kokladi M Venetsanakos I Paxinos G. Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with coronary artery ectasia . Int J Cardiol 2013 ; 167 ( 4 ): 1536 - 41 . Search in Google Scholar

Devabhaktuni S, Mercedes A, Diep J. Ahsan C. Coronary artery ectasia—a review of current literature. Curr Cardiol Rev 2016; 12:318-23. Devabhaktuni S Mercedes A Diep J. Ahsan C. Coronary artery ectasia—a review of current literature . Curr Cardiol Rev 2016 ; 12 : 318 - 23 . Search in Google Scholar

Manginas A, Cokkinos DV. Coronary artery ectasias: imaging, functional assessment and clinical implications. Eur Heart J 2006; 27(9):1026-31. Manginas A Cokkinos DV. Coronary artery ectasias: imaging, functional assessment and clinical implications . Eur Heart J 2006 ; 27 ( 9 ): 1026 - 31 . Search in Google Scholar

Krüger D, Stierle U, Herrmann G, Simon R, Sheikhzadeh A. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in isolated coronary artery ectasias and aneurysms (“dilated coronopathy”). J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34(5):1461-70. Krüger D Stierle U Herrmann G Simon R Sheikhzadeh A. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in isolated coronary artery ectasias and aneurysms (“dilated coronopathy”) . J Am Coll Cardiol 1999 ; 34 ( 5 ): 1461 - 70 . Search in Google Scholar

Sayin T, Doven O, Berkalp B, Akyürek O, Gülec S, Oral D. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery ectasia without obstructive coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2001; 78:143-9. Sayin T Doven O Berkalp B Akyürek O Gülec S Oral D. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery ectasia without obstructive coronary artery disease . Int J Cardiol 2001 ; 78 : 143 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Demopoulos VP, Olympios CD, Fakiolas CN, Pissimissis EG, Economides NM, Adamopoulou E, et al. The natural history of aneurysmal coronary artery disease. Heart 1997; 78:136-41. Demopoulos VP Olympios CD Fakiolas CN Pissimissis EG Economides NM Adamopoulou E. The natural history of aneurysmal coronary artery disease . Heart 1997 ; 78 : 136 - 41 . Search in Google Scholar

Pahlavan PS, Niroomand F. Coronary artery aneurysm: a review. Clin Cardiol 2006; 29(10):439-43. Pahlavan PS Niroomand F. Coronary artery aneurysm: a review . Clin Cardiol 2006 ; 29 ( 10 ): 439 - 43 . Search in Google Scholar

Rath S, Har-Zahav Y, Battler A, Agranat O, Rotstein Z, Rabinowitz B, et al. Fate of nonobstructive aneurysmatic coronary artery disease: angiographic and clinical follow-up report. Am Heart J 1985; 109(4):785-91. Rath S Har-Zahav Y Battler A Agranat O Rotstein Z Rabinowitz B. Fate of nonobstructive aneurysmatic coronary artery disease: angiographic and clinical follow-up report . Am Heart J 1985 ; 109 ( 4 ): 785 - 91 . Search in Google Scholar

Chrissoheris MP, Donohue TJ, Young RS, Ghantous A. Coronary artery aneurysms. Cardiol Rev 2008; 16(3):116-23. Chrissoheris MP Donohue TJ Young RS Ghantous A. Coronary artery aneurysms . Cardiol Rev 2008 ; 16 ( 3 ): 116 - 23 . Search in Google Scholar

Ebina T, Ishikawa Y, Uchida K, Suzuki S, Imoto K, Okuda J, et al. A case of giant coronary artery aneurysm and literature review. J Cardiol 2009; 53(2):293-300. Ebina T Ishikawa Y Uchida K Suzuki S Imoto K Okuda J. A case of giant coronary artery aneurysm and literature review . J Cardiol 2009 ; 53 ( 2 ): 293 - 300 . Search in Google Scholar

Maehara A, Mintz GS, Ahmed JM, Fuchs S, Castagna MT, Pichard AD, et al. An intravascular ultrasound classification of angiographic coronary artery aneurysms. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88(4):365-70. Maehara A Mintz GS Ahmed JM Fuchs S Castagna MT Pichard AD. An intravascular ultrasound classification of angiographic coronary artery aneurysms . Am J Cardiol 2001 ; 88 ( 4 ): 365 - 70 . Search in Google Scholar

Ge J, Liu F, Kearney P, Görge G, Haude M, Baumgart D, et al. Intravascular ultrasound approach to the diagnosis of coronary artery aneurysms. Am Heart J 1995; 130(4):765-71. Ge J Liu F Kearney P Görge G Haude M Baumgart D. Intravascular ultrasound approach to the diagnosis of coronary artery aneurysms . Am Heart J 1995 ; 130 ( 4 ): 765 - 71 . Search in Google Scholar

Bluemke DA, Achenbach S, Budoff M, Gerber TC, Gersh B, Hillis LD, et al. Noninvasive coronary artery imaging: magnetic resonance angiography and multidetector computed tomography angiography: a scientific statement from the american heart association committee on cardiovascular imaging and intervention of the council on cardiovascular radiology and intervention, and the councils on clinical cardiology and cardiovascular disease in the young. Circulation 2008; 118(5):586-606. Bluemke DA Achenbach S Budoff M Gerber TC Gersh B Hillis LD. Noninvasive coronary artery imaging: magnetic resonance angiography and multidetector computed tomography angiography: a scientific statement from the american heart association committee on cardiovascular imaging and intervention of the council on cardiovascular radiology and intervention, and the councils on clinical cardiology and cardiovascular disease in the young . Circulation 2008 ; 118 ( 5 ): 586 - 606 . Search in Google Scholar

Forte E, Aiello M, Inglese M, Infante T, Soricelli A, Tedeschi C, et al. Coronary artery aneurysms detected by computed tomography coronary angiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 18(11):1229-35. Forte E Aiello M Inglese M Infante T Soricelli A Tedeschi C. Coronary artery aneurysms detected by computed tomography coronary angiography . Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017 ; 18 ( 11 ): 1229 - 35 . Search in Google Scholar

Touma R, Palla M, Alam K, Mastromatteo JF, Abidov A. Giant calcified left circumflex coronary artery aneurysm with complex coronary-to-left ventricular communication. JACC Case Rep 2020; 2(11):1812-7. Touma R Palla M Alam K Mastromatteo JF Abidov A. Giant calcified left circumflex coronary artery aneurysm with complex coronary-to-left ventricular communication . JACC Case Rep 2020 ; 2 ( 11 ): 1812 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Gupta A, Datta R, Chhikara S, Dhagat PK, Vijayvergiya R. Coronary artery aneurysm after drug-eluting stent implantation causing coronary-bronchial fistula. JACC Case Rep. 2020; 2(11):1692-7. Gupta A Datta R Chhikara S Dhagat PK Vijayvergiya R. Coronary artery aneurysm after drug-eluting stent implantation causing coronary-bronchial fistula . JACC Case Rep. 2020 ; 2 ( 11 ): 1692 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Ziad AA, Keyvan Karimi G, Gary SM, Akiko M, Richard AS, Alessio M. Intracoronary optical coherence tomography: state of the art and future directions. EuroIntervention 2021; 17(2):e105-e23. Ziad AA Keyvan Karimi G Gary SM Akiko M Richard AS Alessio M. Intracoronary optical coherence tomography: state of the art and future directions . EuroIntervention 2021 ; 17 ( 2 ): e105 - e23 . Search in Google Scholar

Kühl M, Varma C. A case of acute coronary thrombosis in diffuse coronary artery ectasia. J Invasive Cardiol 2008; 20(1):E23-5. Kühl M Varma C. A case of acute coronary thrombosis in diffuse coronary artery ectasia . J Invasive Cardiol 2008 ; 20 ( 1 ): E23 - 5 . Search in Google Scholar

Mavrogeni SI, Manginas A, Papadakis E, Douskou M, Cokkinos D, Katsiva V, et al. Coronary flow evaluation by TIMI frame count and magnetic resonance flow velocity in patients with coronary artery ectasia. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2005; 7(3):545-50. Mavrogeni SI Manginas A Papadakis E Douskou M Cokkinos D Katsiva V. Coronary flow evaluation by TIMI frame count and magnetic resonance flow velocity in patients with coronary artery ectasia . J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2005 ; 7 ( 3 ): 545 - 50 . Search in Google Scholar

Eitan A, Roguin A. Coronary artery ectasia: new insights into pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Coron Artery Dis 2016; 27(5):420-8. Eitan A Roguin A. Coronary artery ectasia: new insights into pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment . Coron Artery Dis 2016 ; 27 ( 5 ): 420 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Altinbas A, Nazli C, Kinay O, Ergene O, Gedikli O, Ozaydin M, et al. Predictors of exercise induced myocardial ischemia in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2004; 20(1):3-17. Altinbas A Nazli C Kinay O Ergene O Gedikli O Ozaydin M. Predictors of exercise induced myocardial ischemia in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia . Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2004 ; 20 ( 1 ): 3 - 17 . Search in Google Scholar

Kosar F, Acikgoz N, Sahin I, Topal E, Aksoy Y, Cehreli S. Effect of ectasia size or the ectasia ratio on the thrombosis in myocardial infarction frame count in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Heart Vessels 2005; 20(5):199-202. Kosar F Acikgoz N Sahin I Topal E Aksoy Y Cehreli S. Effect of ectasia size or the ectasia ratio on the thrombosis in myocardial infarction frame count in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia . Heart Vessels 2005 ; 20 ( 5 ): 199 - 202 . Search in Google Scholar

Liu R, Sheng Q, Liang S, Zhao H. Peripheral blood soluble elastin and elastase as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for coronary artery ectasia. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51(3):1058-64. Liu R Sheng Q Liang S Zhao H. Peripheral blood soluble elastin and elastase as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for coronary artery ectasia . Turk J Med Sci 2021 ; 51 ( 3 ): 1058 - 64 . Search in Google Scholar

Ozbay Y, Akbulut M, Balin M, Kayancicek H, Baydas A, Korkmaz H. The level of hs-CRP in coronary artery ectasia and its response to statin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment. Mediators Inflamm 2007; 2007:89649. Ozbay Y Akbulut M Balin M Kayancicek H Baydas A Korkmaz H. The level of hs-CRP in coronary artery ectasia and its response to statin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment . Mediators Inflamm 2007 ; 2007 : 89649 . Search in Google Scholar

Shereef A, Kandeel N. Predictors for coronary artery ectasia. J Indian Coll Cardiol 2019; 9:123. Shereef A Kandeel N. Predictors for coronary artery ectasia . J Indian Coll Cardiol 2019 ; 9 : 123 . Search in Google Scholar

Kalaycioglu E, Gökdeniz T, Aykan AC, Gül I, Boyaci F, Gürsoy OM, et al. Comparison of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary artery ectasia versus patients with obstructive coronary artery disease. Kardiol Pol 2014; 72(4):372-80. Kalaycioglu E Gökdeniz T Aykan AC Gül I Boyaci F Gürsoy OM. Comparison of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary artery ectasia versus patients with obstructive coronary artery disease . Kardiol Pol 2014 ; 72 ( 4 ): 372 - 80 . Search in Google Scholar

Sheng Q, Zhao H, Wu S, Liu R. Underlying factors relating to acute myocardial infarction for coronary artery ectasia patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99(36):e21983. Sheng Q Zhao H Wu S Liu R. Underlying factors relating to acute myocardial infarction for coronary artery ectasia patients . Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 ; 99 ( 36 ): e21983 . Search in Google Scholar

Bogana Shanmugam V, Psaltis PJ, Wong DTL, Meredith IT, Malaiapan Y, Ahmar W. Outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction caused by ectatic infarct related arteries. Heart Lung Circ 2017; 26(10):1059-68. Bogana Shanmugam V Psaltis PJ Wong DTL Meredith IT Malaiapan Y Ahmar W. Outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction caused by ectatic infarct related arteries . Heart Lung Circ 2017 ; 26 ( 10 ): 1059 - 68 . Search in Google Scholar

Erden I, Erden EC, Ozhan H, Karabulut A, Ordu S, Yazici M. Outcome of primary percutaneous intervention in patients with infarct-related coronary artery ectasia. Angiology 2010; 61(6):574-9. Erden I Erden EC Ozhan H Karabulut A Ordu S Yazici M. Outcome of primary percutaneous intervention in patients with infarct-related coronary artery ectasia . Angiology 2010 ; 61 ( 6 ): 574 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Doi T, Kataoka Y, Noguchi T, Shibata T, Nakashima T, Kawakami S, et al. Coronary artery ectasia predicts future cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37(12):2350-5. Doi T Kataoka Y Noguchi T Shibata T Nakashima T Kawakami S. Coronary artery ectasia predicts future cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction . Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017 ; 37 ( 12 ): 2350 - 5 . Search in Google Scholar

Wang X, Montero-Cabezas JM, Mandurino-Mirizzi A, Hirasawa K, Ajmone Marsan N, Knuuti J, et al. Prevalence and long-term outcomes of patients with coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2021; 156:9-15. Wang X Montero-Cabezas JM Mandurino-Mirizzi A Hirasawa K Ajmone Marsan N Knuuti J. Prevalence and long-term outcomes of patients with coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 2021 ; 156 : 9 - 15 . Search in Google Scholar

Mir T, Sattar Y, Uddin M, Changal KH, Kumar K, Attique HB, et al. Post-PCI outcomes in STEMI patients with coronary ectasia: meta-analysis. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19(4):349-56. Mir T Sattar Y Uddin M Changal KH Kumar K Attique HB. Post-PCI outcomes in STEMI patients with coronary ectasia: meta-analysis . Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021 ; 19 ( 4 ): 349 - 56 . Search in Google Scholar

Yetkin E, Waltenberger J. Novel insights into an old controversy: is coronary artery ectasia a variant of coronary atherosclerosis? Clin Res Cardiol 2007; 96(6):331-9. Yetkin E Waltenberger J. Novel insights into an old controversy: is coronary artery ectasia a variant of coronary atherosclerosis? Clin Res Cardiol 2007 ; 96 ( 6 ): 331 - 9 . Search in Google Scholar

Dahhan A. Coronary artery ectasia in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, inflammatory disorders, and sickle cell disease. Cardiovasc Ther 2015; 33(2):79-88. Dahhan A. Coronary artery ectasia in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, inflammatory disorders, and sickle cell disease . Cardiovasc Ther 2015 ; 33 ( 2 ): 79 - 88 . Search in Google Scholar

Yasar AS, Erbay AR, Ayaz S, Turhan H, Metin F, Ilkay E, et al. Increased platelet activity in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Coron Artery Dis 2007; 18(6):451-4. Yasar AS Erbay AR Ayaz S Turhan H Metin F Ilkay E. Increased platelet activity in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia . Coron Artery Dis 2007 ; 18 ( 6 ): 451 - 4 . Search in Google Scholar

Moghadam RH, Shahmohammadi A, Asgari N, Azizi K, Mansour SM, Roozbahani M. Comparison of mean platelet volume levels in coronary artery ectasia and healthy people: systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood Res 2018; 53(4):269-75. Moghadam RH Shahmohammadi A Asgari N Azizi K Mansour SM Roozbahani M. Comparison of mean platelet volume levels in coronary artery ectasia and healthy people: systematic review and meta-analysis . Blood Res 2018 ; 53 ( 4 ): 269 - 75 . Search in Google Scholar

Almazán A, Nandayapa O, Rangel A, Badui E, Albarrán H, Lepe L. [Asymptomatic ischemia in coronary arterial ectasia. Effects of anticoagulation]. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 1997; 67(3):195-200. Almazán A Nandayapa O Rangel A Badui E Albarrán H Lepe L. [Asymptomatic ischemia in coronary arterial ectasia . Effects of anticoagulation]. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 1997 ; 67 ( 3 ): 195 - 200 . Search in Google Scholar

Willner NA, Ehrenberg S, Musallam A, Roguin A. Coronary artery ectasia: prevalence, angiographic characteristics and clinical outcome. Open Heart 2020; 7(1):e001096. Willner NA Ehrenberg S Musallam A Roguin A. Coronary artery ectasia: prevalence, angiographic characteristics and clinical outcome . Open Heart 2020 ; 7 ( 1 ): e001096 . Search in Google Scholar

Ielasi A, Anzuini A. Successful management of a huge thrombus in coronary aneurysmatic dilatation after failed mechanical thrombectomy during acute myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2014; 15(1):80-1. Ielasi A Anzuini A. Successful management of a huge thrombus in coronary aneurysmatic dilatation after failed mechanical thrombectomy during acute myocardial infarction . J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2014 ; 15 ( 1 ): 80 - 1 . Search in Google Scholar

Inaba S, Higaki T, Nagashima M, Nishimura K, Ogimoto A, Higaki J, et al. Successful revascularization by pulse infusion thrombolysis in a patient with Kawasaki disease combined with acute myocardial infarction. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 3(10):1091-2. Inaba S Higaki T Nagashima M Nishimura K Ogimoto A Higaki J. Successful revascularization by pulse infusion thrombolysis in a patient with Kawasaki disease combined with acute myocardial infarction . JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2010 ; 3 ( 10 ): 1091 - 2 . Search in Google Scholar

Araiza-Garaygordobil D, Gopar-Nieto R, Sierra-Lara Martinez D, Belderrain-Morales N, Sarabia-Chao V, Alfaro-Ponce DL, et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy versus antiplatelet monotherapy plus oral anticoagulation in patients with acute coronary syndrome and coronary artery ectasia: design and rationale of OVER-TIME randomized clinical trial. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022; 29(5):463-8. Araiza-Garaygordobil D Gopar-Nieto R Sierra-Lara Martinez D Belderrain-Morales N Sarabia-Chao V Alfaro-Ponce DL. Dual antiplatelet therapy versus antiplatelet monotherapy plus oral anticoagulation in patients with acute coronary syndrome and coronary artery ectasia: design and rationale of OVER-TIME randomized clinical trial . High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022 ; 29 ( 5 ): 463 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Dogan A, Ozaydin M, Gedikli O, Altinbas A, Ergene O. Effect of trimetazidine on exercise performance in patients with coronary artery ectasia. Jpn Heart J 2003; 44(4):463-70. Dogan A Ozaydin M Gedikli O Altinbas A Ergene O. Effect of trimetazidine on exercise performance in patients with coronary artery ectasia . Jpn Heart J 2003 ; 44 ( 4 ): 463 - 70 . Search in Google Scholar

Massaro M, Zampolli A, Scoditti E, Carluccio MA, Storelli C, Distante A, et al. Statins inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human endothelial cells: anti-angiogenic actions possibly contributing to plaque stability. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 86(2):311-20. Massaro M Zampolli A Scoditti E Carluccio MA Storelli C Distante A. Statins inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human endothelial cells: anti-angiogenic actions possibly contributing to plaque stability . Cardiovasc Res 2010 ; 86 ( 2 ): 311 - 20 . Search in Google Scholar

Fan CH, Hao Y, Liu YH, Li XL, Huang ZH, Luo Y, et al. Antiinflammatory effects of rosuvastatin treatment on coronary artery ectasia patients of different age groups. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20(1):330. Fan CH Hao Y Liu YH Li XL Huang ZH Luo Y. Antiinflammatory effects of rosuvastatin treatment on coronary artery ectasia patients of different age groups . BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020 ; 20 ( 1 ): 330 . Search in Google Scholar

Gülec S, Aras O, Atmaca Y, Akyürek O, Hanson NQ, Sayin T, et al. Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene is a potent risk factor for coronary artery ectasia. Heart 2003; 89(2):213-4. Gülec S Aras O Atmaca Y Akyürek O Hanson NQ Sayin T. Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene is a potent risk factor for coronary artery ectasia . Heart 2003 ; 89 ( 2 ): 213 - 4 . Search in Google Scholar

Tunick PA, Slater J, Kronzon I, Glassman E. Discrete atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysms: a study of 20 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15(2):279-82. Tunick PA Slater J Kronzon I Glassman E. Discrete atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysms: a study of 20 patients . J Am Coll Cardiol 1990 ; 15 ( 2 ): 279 - 82 . Search in Google Scholar

Sorrell VL, Davis MJ, Bove AA. Current knowledge and significance of coronary artery ectasia: a chronologic review ofthe literature, recommendations for treatment, possible etiologies, and future considerations. Clin Cardiol 1998; 21(3):157-60. Sorrell VL Davis MJ Bove AA. Current knowledge and significance of coronary artery ectasia: a chronologic review ofthe literature, recommendations for treatment, possible etiologies, and future considerations . Clin Cardiol 1998 ; 21 ( 3 ): 157 - 60 . Search in Google Scholar

Beltrame JF, Turner SP, Leslie SL, Solomon P, Freedman SB, Horowitz JD. The angiographic and clinical benefits of mibefradil in the coronary slow flow phenomenon. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44(1):57-62. Beltrame JF Turner SP Leslie SL Solomon P Freedman SB Horowitz JD. The angiographic and clinical benefits of mibefradil in the coronary slow flow phenomenon . J Am Coll Cardiol 2004 ; 44 ( 1 ): 57 - 62 . Search in Google Scholar

Tanabe Y, Itoh E, Nakagawa I, Suzuki K. Pulse-spray thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction caused by thrombotic occlusion of an ectatic coronary artery. Circ J 2002; 66(2):207-10. Tanabe Y Itoh E Nakagawa I Suzuki K. Pulse-spray thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction caused by thrombotic occlusion of an ectatic coronary artery . Circ J 2002 ; 66 ( 2 ): 207 - 10 . Search in Google Scholar

Lau GT, Brieger D, Freedman SB. Infarction due to right coronary artery thrombus. Clin Cardiol 2004; 27(2):96. Lau GT Brieger D Freedman SB. Infarction due to right coronary artery thrombus . Clin Cardiol 2004 ; 27 ( 2 ): 96 . Search in Google Scholar

Yip HK, Chen MC, Wu CJ, Hang CL, Hsieh KY, Fang CY, et al. Clinical features and outcome of coronary artery aneurysm in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing a primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Cardiology 2002; 98(3):132-40. Yip HK Chen MC Wu CJ Hang CL Hsieh KY Fang CY. Clinical features and outcome of coronary artery aneurysm in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing a primary percutaneous coronary intervention . Cardiology 2002 ; 98 ( 3 ): 132 - 40 . Search in Google Scholar

Campanile A, Sozzi FB, Consonni D, Piscione F, Sganzerla P, Indolfi C, et al. Primary PCI for the treatment of ectatic infarct-related coronary artery. Minerva Cardioangiol 2014; 62(4):327-33. Campanile A Sozzi FB Consonni D Piscione F Sganzerla P Indolfi C. Primary PCI for the treatment of ectatic infarct-related coronary artery . Minerva Cardioangiol 2014 ; 62 ( 4 ): 327 - 33 . Search in Google Scholar

Schram HCF, Hemradj VV, Hermanides RS, Kedhi E, Ottervanger JP. Coronary artery ectasia, an independent predictor of no-reflow after primary PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2018; 265:12-7. Schram HCF Hemradj VV Hermanides RS Kedhi E Ottervanger JP. Coronary artery ectasia, an independent predictor of no-reflow after primary PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction . Int J Cardiol 2018 ; 265 : 12 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Moretti C, Omedè P, Presutti DG, D’Ascenzo F, De Simone V, Colaci C, et al. Shaping an ectatic coronary artery: Stentys implantation. Int J Cardiol 2014; 171(3):459-61. Moretti C Omedè P Presutti DG D’Ascenzo F De Simone V Colaci C. Shaping an ectatic coronary artery: Stentys implantation . Int J Cardiol 2014 ; 171 ( 3 ): 459 - 61 . Search in Google Scholar

van Geuns RJ, Awad K, IJusselmuiden AJJ, Koch K. The role of selfexpanding stents in patients with atypical coronary anatomy. Interv Cardiol. 2014; 9(1):11-6. van Geuns RJ Awad K IJusselmuiden AJJ Koch K. The role of selfexpanding stents in patients with atypical coronary anatomy . Interv Cardiol. 2014 ; 9 ( 1 ): 11 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Witzenbichler B, Maehara A, Weisz G, Neumann FJ, Rinaldi MJ, Metzger DC, et al. Relationship between intravascular ultrasound guidance and clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stents: the assessment of dual antiplatelet therapy with drug-eluting stents (ADAPT-DES) study. Circulation 2014; 129(4):463-70. Witzenbichler B Maehara A Weisz G Neumann FJ Rinaldi MJ Metzger DC. Relationship between intravascular ultrasound guidance and clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stents: the assessment of dual antiplatelet therapy with drug-eluting stents (ADAPT-DES) study . Circulation 2014 ; 129 ( 4 ): 463 - 70 . Search in Google Scholar

Nagaraja V, Schwarz K, Moss S, Kwok CS, Gunning M. Outcomes of patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention with covered stents for coronary perforation: a systematic review and pooled analysis of data. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 96(7):1360-6. Nagaraja V Schwarz K Moss S Kwok CS Gunning M. Outcomes of patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention with covered stents for coronary perforation: a systematic review and pooled analysis of data . Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020 ; 96 ( 7 ): 1360 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Hernandez-Enriquez M, Belle L, Madiot H, Pansieri M, Souteyrand G, de Poli F, et al. Use and outcomes of the PK Papyrus covered stent in France: SOS PK Papyrus Registry. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 98(5):874-81. Hernandez-Enriquez M Belle L Madiot H Pansieri M Souteyrand G de Poli F. Use and outcomes of the PK Papyrus covered stent in France: SOS PK Papyrus Registry . Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021 ; 98 ( 5 ): 874 - 81 . Search in Google Scholar

Al-Lamee R, Ielasi A, Latib A, Godino C, Ferraro M, Mussardo M, et al. Incidence, predictors, management, immediate and long-term outcomes following grade III coronary perforation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2011; 4(1):87-95. Al-Lamee R Ielasi A Latib A Godino C Ferraro M Mussardo M. Incidence, predictors, management, immediate and long-term outcomes following grade III coronary perforation . JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2011 ; 4 ( 1 ): 87 - 95 . Search in Google Scholar

El-Hayek G, Bangalore S, Casso Dominguez A, Devireddy C, Jaber W, Kumar G, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stent to second-generation durable polymer drug-eluting stents. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 10(5):462-73. El-Hayek G Bangalore S Casso Dominguez A Devireddy C Jaber W Kumar G. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stent to second-generation durable polymer drug-eluting stents . JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017 ; 10 ( 5 ): 462 - 73 . Search in Google Scholar

Stankovic G, Colombo A, Presbitero P, van den Branden F, Inglese L, Cernigliaro C, et al. Randomized evaluation of polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent in saphenous vein grafts: the randomized evaluation of polytetrafluoroethylene COVERed stent in saphenous vein grafts (RECOVERS) trial. Circulation 2003; 108(1):37-42. Stankovic G Colombo A Presbitero P van den Branden F Inglese L Cernigliaro C. Randomized evaluation of polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent in saphenous vein grafts: the randomized evaluation of polytetrafluoroethylene COVERed stent in saphenous vein grafts (RECOVERS) trial . Circulation 2003 ; 108 ( 1 ): 37 - 42 . Search in Google Scholar

Ravi S, Chaikof EL. Biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering. Regen Med 2010; 5(1):107-20. Ravi S Chaikof EL. Biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering . Regen Med 2010 ; 5 ( 1 ): 107 - 20 . Search in Google Scholar

Boyer N, Gupta R, Schevchuck A, Hindnavis V, Maliske S, Sheldon M, et al. Coronary artery aneurysms in acute coronary syndrome: case series, review, and proposed management strategy. J Invasive Cardiol 2014; 26(6):283-90. Boyer N Gupta R Schevchuck A Hindnavis V Maliske S Sheldon M. Coronary artery aneurysms in acute coronary syndrome: case series, review, and proposed management strategy . J Invasive Cardiol 2014 ; 26 ( 6 ): 283 - 90 . Search in Google Scholar

Summaria F, Mustilli M, Lanzillo C, Romagnoli E. Diffuse coronary ectasia complicated by myocardial infarction in a patient with multiple sclerosis-transradial dethrombosis and one-year coronary computed tomography angiography follow-up. Am Heart Hosp J 2011; 9(1):E48-51. Summaria F Mustilli M Lanzillo C Romagnoli E. Diffuse coronary ectasia complicated by myocardial infarction in a patient with multiple sclerosis-transradial dethrombosis and one-year coronary computed tomography angiography follow-up . Am Heart Hosp J 2011 ; 9 ( 1 ): E48 - 51 . Search in Google Scholar

Kawsara A, Nunez Gil IJ, Alqahtani F, Moreland J, Rihal CS, Alkhouli M. Management of coronary artery aneurysms. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 11(13):1211-23. Kawsara A Nunez Gil IJ Alqahtani F Moreland J Rihal CS Alkhouli M. Management of coronary artery aneurysms . JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2018 ; 11 ( 13 ): 1211 - 23 . Search in Google Scholar

Vinciguerra M, Spadaccio C, Tennyson C, Karuppannan M, Bose A, Greco E, et al. Management of patients with aortocoronary saphenous vein graft aneurysms: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77(17):2236-53. Vinciguerra M Spadaccio C Tennyson C Karuppannan M Bose A Greco E. Management of patients with aortocoronary saphenous vein graft aneurysms: JACC State-of-the-Art Review . J Am Coll Cardiol 2021 ; 77 ( 17 ): 2236 - 53 . Search in Google Scholar

Harandi S, Johnston SB, Wood RE, Roberts WC. Operative therapy of coronary arterial aneurysm. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83(8):1290-3. Harandi S Johnston SB Wood RE Roberts WC. Operative therapy of coronary arterial aneurysm . Am J Cardiol 1999 ; 83 ( 8 ): 1290 - 3 . Search in Google Scholar

Falsetti HL, Carrol RJ. Coronary artery aneurysm. a review of the literature with a report of 11 new cases. Chest 1976; 69(5):630-6. Falsetti HL Carrol RJ. Coronary artery aneurysm. a review of the literature with a report of 11 new cases . Chest 1976 ; 69 ( 5 ): 630 - 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Chaithiraphan S, Goldberg E, O’Reilly M, Jootar P. Multiple aneurysms of coronary artery in sclerodermal heart disease. Angiology 1973; 24(2):86-93. Chaithiraphan S Goldberg E O’Reilly M Jootar P. Multiple aneurysms of coronary artery in sclerodermal heart disease . Angiology 1973 ; 24 ( 2 ): 86 - 93 . Search in Google Scholar

Tarekel G, Yasser AE, Gheita T Coronary angiographic findings in asymptomatic systemic sclerosis. Clin Rheumatol 2006; 25(4):487-90. Tarekel G Yasser AE Gheita T Coronary angiographic findings in asymptomatic systemic sclerosis . Clin Rheumatol 2006 ; 25 ( 4 ): 487 - 90 . Search in Google Scholar

Imahori S, Bannerman RM, Graf CJ, Brennan JC. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with multiple arterial lesions. Am J Med 1969; 47(6):967-77. Imahori S Bannerman RM Graf CJ Brennan JC. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with multiple arterial lesions . Am J Med 1969 ; 47 ( 6 ): 967 - 77 . Search in Google Scholar

Davidson A, Eshaghpour E, Young N, Mintz GS. Late thrombosis of a coronary artery mycotic aneurysm. Am Heart J 1991; 121(5):1549-50. Davidson A Eshaghpour E Young N Mintz GS. Late thrombosis of a coronary artery mycotic aneurysm . Am Heart J 1991 ; 121 ( 5 ): 1549 - 50 . Search in Google Scholar

Aboeata AS, Sontineni SP, Alla VM, Esterbrooks DJ. Coronary artery ectasia: current concepts and interventions. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2012; 4(1):300-10. Aboeata AS Sontineni SP Alla VM Esterbrooks DJ. Coronary artery ectasia: current concepts and interventions . Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2012 ; 4 ( 1 ): 300 - 10 . Search in Google Scholar

Kol A, Sukhova GK, Lichtman AH, Libby P. Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 localizes in human atheroma and regulates macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Circulation 1998; 98(4):300-7. Kol A Sukhova GK Lichtman AH Libby P. Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 localizes in human atheroma and regulates macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase expression . Circulation 1998 ; 98 ( 4 ): 300 - 7 . Search in Google Scholar

Noori MR, Zhang B, Pan L. Is KCNH1 mutation related to coronary artery ectasia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19(1):296. Noori MR Zhang B Pan L. Is KCNH1 mutation related to coronary artery ectasia . BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019 ; 19 ( 1 ): 296 . Search in Google Scholar

Han F, Yan B. Three novel ATG16L1 mutations in a patient with acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery ectasia: a case report. Medicine 2021; 100(4):e24497. Han F Yan B. Three novel ATG16L1 mutations in a patient with acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery ectasia: a case report . Medicine 2021 ; 100 ( 4 ): e24497 . Search in Google Scholar

Lamblin N, Bauters C, Hermant X, Lablanche JM, Helbecque N, Amouyel P. Polymorphisms in the promoter regions of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12 genes as determinants of aneurysmal coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40(1):43-8. Lamblin N Bauters C Hermant X Lablanche JM Helbecque N Amouyel P. Polymorphisms in the promoter regions of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12 genes as determinants of aneurysmal coronary artery disease . J Am Coll Cardiol 2002 ; 40 ( 1 ): 43 - 8 . Search in Google Scholar

Bahremand M, Zereshki E, Matin BK, Rezaei M, Omrani H. Hypertension and coronary artery ectasia: a systematic review and metaanalysis study. Clin Hypertens 2021; 27(1):14. Bahremand M Zereshki E Matin BK Rezaei M Omrani H. Hypertension and coronary artery ectasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis study . Clin Hypertens 2021 ; 27 ( 1 ): 14 . Search in Google Scholar