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Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Regional Periocoronary Inflammation: An Angio-CT Study of Epicardial Fat Attenuation

Botond Mátyás
Botond Mátyás
, 
Imre Benedek
Imre Benedek
, 
Diana Opincariu
Diana Opincariu
, 
Emanuel Blîndu
Emanuel Blîndu
, 
Aurelian Rosea
Aurelian Rosea
, 
loana Rodean
loana Rodean
, 
Bianka Benedek
Bianka Benedek
 et 
Theodora Benedek
Theodora Benedek
   | 30 juin 2023
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Article Category: Original Article
Publié en ligne: 30 juin 2023
Pages: 47 - 53
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjc-2023-0011
Mots clés
© 2023 Botond Mátyás et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

PRISMA flowchart of patient’s recruitment * Coronary artery calcium (CAC) > 1000; ** Poor quality coronary reconstructions and contained artifacts
PRISMA flowchart of patient’s recruitment * Coronary artery calcium (CAC) > 1000; ** Poor quality coronary reconstructions and contained artifacts

Figure 2

Conventional CCTA image of the three major coronary arteries (A), and a colored mapping of an abnormal FAI for the same patient (B)
Conventional CCTA image of the three major coronary arteries (A), and a colored mapping of an abnormal FAI for the same patient (B)

Figure 3

Analysis of FAI score between the RCA and LCA
Analysis of FAI score between the RCA and LCA

AI-based PCAT - FAI Score

Parameters Whole study sample (n = 172) Group 1 (COVID-19) (n = 80) Group 2 (non-COVID-19) (n = 92) P-value *
FAI HU LAD, mean ± SD −76.08 ± 7.66 −75.07 ± 7.59 −76.46 ± 7.74 NS
FAI HU LCX, mean ± SD −71.32 ± 7.50 −71.44 ± 7.88 −71.21 ± 7.16 NS
FAI HU RCA, mean ± SD −73.11 ± 8.94 −72.97 ± 9.38 −73.23 ± 9.61 NS
FAI Score LAD, mean ± SD 10.39 ± 7.01 9.12 ± 6.20 11.87 ± 8.23 0.05
FAI Score LCX, mean ± SD 11.24 ± 6.28 10.77 ± 6.13 13.02 ± 6.76 0.05
FAI Score RCA, mean ± SD 15.10 ± 11.94 14.74 ± 12.24 15.88 ± 10.36 NS
FAI Score LCA, mean ±SD 11.02 ± 6.48 9.78 ± 5.95 12.11 ± 7.21 0.005
FAI Score TOTAL, mean ± SD 11.90 ± 7.93 10.55 ± 7.32 13.01 ± 8.16 0.001

Baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and risk factors in the study population

Parameters Whole study sample (n =172) Group 1 (COVID-19) (n = 80) Group 2 (non-COVID-19) (n = 92) P-value *
Male gender, n (%) 115 (66.86%) 49 (61.25%) 66 (71.73%) NS
Age at time of scan, mean ± SD 62.43 ± 11.62 60.19 ± 10.10 62.84 ± 9.90 NS
Smoking, n (%) 31 (18.02%) 10 (12.50%) 21 (22.82%) NS
Hypertension, n (%) 146 (84.88%) 65 (81.25%) 82 (89.13%) NS
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) 86 (50.00%) 32 (40.00%) 54 (58.69%) 0.02
Diabetes, n (%) 47 (27.32%) 19 (23.75%) 28 (30.43%) NS
Obesity, n (%) 44 (25.58%) 26 (32.50%) 19 (20.65%) 0.06
BMI, mean ± SD 27.57 ± 4.29 28.51 ± 4.21 26.93 ± 4.25 0.03
PCI after CCTA, n (%) 75 (43.60%) 30 (37.50%) 47 (51.08%) NS
Multi-vessel PCI, n (%) 25 (14.53%) 8 (26.66%) 18 (38.29%) NS
Heart failure, n (%) 127 (72.67%) 61 (76.25%) 70 (76.08%) NS
LVEF (%), mean ± SD 47.69 ± 5.07 48.34 ± 4.18 47.12 ± 5.71 NS
Creatinine (mg/dl), mean ± SD 0.97 ± 0.26 0.93 ± 0.23 1.00 ± 0.27 NS
Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean ± SD 167.3 ± 47.13 161.4 ± 43.55 171.0 ± 49.24 0.07
Triglycerides (mg/dl), mean ± SD 145.7 ± 69.49 134.1 ± 75.04 154.0 ± 64.58 0.03
COVID-19 vaccine, n (%) 107 (62.20%) 46 (57.50%) 56 (60.86%) NS
Time from COVID-19 to CCTA (days), mean ± SD 134.2 ± 104.9

CaRI Heart® Coronary Inflammation

Parameters Whole study sample (n = 158) Group 1 (COVID-19) (n = 75) Group 2 (non-COVID-19) (n = 83) P-value *
CaRi Heart® Risk, mean ± SD 18.34 ± 16.02 11.34 ± 8.47 23.81 ± 18.31 < 0.0001
Duke Score, mean ± SD 2.97 ± 1.36 2.54 ± 1.33 3.37 ± 1.27 < 0.0001
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