Parameter | AOB group (N = 32) | Control group (N = 43) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Male gender For categorical variables number and percentage is given | 17 (53%) | 20 (46%) | 0.571 |
Age (years) for numerical mean and SD | 4.9 (1.0) | 4.3 (0.3) | < 0.001 |
Articulation disorder (speech therapist’s assessment) | 27 (84%) | 10 (23%) | < 0.001 |
Improper resting tongue posture (3DUS) | 26 (81%) | 11 (26%) | 0.001 |
Parameter | AOB (N = 32) | Without AOB (N = 414) | P |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years)1 | 4.9 (1.0) | 5.0 (0.9) | 0.548 |
Nasal breathing, day2 | 31 (96.9%) | 348 (84.1%) | 0.056 |
Nasal breathing, night | 29 (90.6%) | 350 (84.5%) | 0.382 |
Articulation disorder (parental assessment) | 27 (84.4%) | 108 (26.1%) | < 0.001 |
Necessity for speech therapy | 13 (40.6%) | 99 (23.9%) | 0.018 |