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Impact of Atmospheric Circulation on the Occurrence of Very Strong and Extreme Cold Stress in Poland

Małgorzata Owczarek
Małgorzata Owczarek
 et 
Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk
Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk
   | 31 août 2022
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Publié en ligne: 31 août 2022
Pages: 111 - 126
Reçu: 03 mai 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0028
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© 2022 Małgorzata Owczarek et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Location of meteorological stations.
Location of meteorological stations.

Fig. 2

Mean frequency of occurrence (%) of very strong and extreme cold stress according to the UTCI in Poland in the period November to March (A) and January (B), 1966/67 to 2018/19. UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.
Mean frequency of occurrence (%) of very strong and extreme cold stress according to the UTCI in Poland in the period November to March (A) and January (B), 1966/67 to 2018/19. UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.

Fig. 3

Multiannual variability of seasonal (November–March) number of days with very strong or extreme cold stress according to UTCI in Suwałki (A) and Warszawa (B), 1966/67 to 2018/19. Solid lines represent respective trends. UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.
Multiannual variability of seasonal (November–March) number of days with very strong or extreme cold stress according to UTCI in Suwałki (A) and Warszawa (B), 1966/67 to 2018/19. Solid lines represent respective trends. UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.

Fig. 4

Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (A) anomalies of SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in m] (dotted line) (B) and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (C) for days with very strong and extreme cold stress. SLP, sea level pressure.
Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (A) anomalies of SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in m] (dotted line) (B) and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (C) for days with very strong and extreme cold stress. SLP, sea level pressure.

Fig. 5

Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (left column); SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa anomalies [in m] (dotted line) (middle column); and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (right column) for the designated circulation types. SLP, sea level pressure.
Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (left column); SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa anomalies [in m] (dotted line) (middle column); and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (right column) for the designated circulation types. SLP, sea level pressure.

Fig. 6

UTCI values (°C) in Poland on selected days: 31 December 1978 (A) and 30 January 2014 (B). UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.
UTCI values (°C) in Poland on selected days: 31 December 1978 (A) and 30 January 2014 (B). UTCI, Universal Thermal Climate Index.

Fig. 7

Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (top row); SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa anomalies [in m] (dotted line) (middle row); and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (bottom row) for the selected days. SLP, sea level pressure.
Mean SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa [in gpm] (dotted line) (top row); SLP [in hPa] (colour scale) and z500 hPa anomalies [in m] (dotted line) (middle row); and anomalies of T850 [in °C] (bottom row) for the selected days. SLP, sea level pressure.

Selected characteristics of the number of days with very strong and extreme cold stress according to UTCI in Poland, 1966/67 to 2018/19: their maximum number and trend coefficient. Statistically significant (at 0.05 level) trend values are in bold.

Station Maximum number of days and season of their occurrence Trend (days· decade−1)
Białystok 42 1971/72 −3.53
Bielsko-Biała 17 1967/68 −0.91
Borucino 48 1969/70 −2.33
Chojnice 7 1978/79 1986/87 0.00
Elbląg 19 1969/70 −0.34
Gdańsk 15 1978/79 0.00
Gorzów Wlkp. 13 1978/79 −0.57
Hel 16 1978/79 −0.29
Jelenia Góra 10 1975/76 −0.36
Kalisz 15 1986/87 0.00
Katowice 6 1978/79 −0.31
Kielce 12 1984/85 −0.24
Kłodzko 9 1969/70, 1977/78, 1983/84, 1984/85 −0.34
Kołobrzeg 8 1978/79 −0.53
Koszalin 9 1978/79 −0.59
Kraków 14 1968/69 0.00
Lesko 15 1978/79 −1.43
Lublin 13 1986/87 0.00
Łeba 19 1978/79 1986/87 0.00
Łódź 16 1969/70 −0.99
Mikołajki 47 1971/72 −4.62
Mława 28 1971/72 −1.67
Olsztyn 12 1969/70 0.00
Opole 5 1978/79 −0.31
Poznań 14 1978/79 −0.49
Racibórz 10 1986/87 0.00
Rzeszów 21 1968/69 −0.35
Siedlce 17 1986/87 −0.81
Słubice 6 1978/79 −0.29
Suwałki 34 1978/79 −4.00
Świnoujście 16 1986/87 −0.53
Szczecin 11 1978/79 0.00
Terespol 20 1968/69 −0.59
Toruń 9 1978/79 −0.53
Ustka 10 2010/11 0.00
Warszawa 19 1969/70, 1986/87 −0.67
Włodawa 21 1978/79 −0.48
Wrocław 9 1978/79 −0.38
Zakopane 4 1967/68 −0.18
Zielona Góra 9 1978/79 −0.33
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