Scare-quoting climate: The rapid rise of climate denial in the Swedish far-right media ecosystem

Almiron, N., Boykoff, M., Narberhaus, M., & Heras, F. (2020). Dominant counter-frames in influential climate contrarian European think tanks. Climatic Change, 162(4), 2003–2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02820-4 AlmironN. BoykoffM. NarberhausM. HerasF. 2020 Dominant counter-frames in influential climate contrarian European think tanks Climatic Change 162 4 2003 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02820-4 10.1007/s10584-020-02820-4 Search in Google Scholar

Anderson, K., Broderick, J. F., & Stoddard, I. (2020). A factor of two: How the mitigation plans of ‘climate progressive’ nations fall far short of Paris-compliant pathways. Climate Policy, 20(10), 1290–1304. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1728209 AndersonK. BroderickJ. F. StoddardI. 2020 A factor of two: How the mitigation plans of ‘climate progressive’ nations fall far short of Paris-compliant pathways Climate Policy 20 10 1290 1304 https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1728209 10.1080/14693062.2020.1728209 Search in Google Scholar

Andersson, U. (2020). Hur står sig svenska mediers förtroendekapital? [What is the trust in Swedish media?]. In U. Andersson, A. Carlander, & P. Öhberg (Eds.), Regntunga skyar [Rainheavy skies]. SOM Institutet, University of Gothenburg. AnderssonU. 2020 Hur står sig svenska mediers förtroendekapital? [What is the trust in Swedish media?] In AnderssonU. CarlanderA. ÖhbergP. (Eds.), Regntunga skyar [Rainheavy skies] SOM Institutet, University of Gothenburg Search in Google Scholar

Anshelm, J., & Hultman, M. (2014). A green fatwā? Climate change as a threat to the masculinity of industrial modernity. NORMA, 9(2), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/18902138.2014.908627 AnshelmJ. HultmanM. 2014 A green fatwā? Climate change as a threat to the masculinity of industrial modernity NORMA 9 2 84 96 https://doi.org/10.1080/18902138.2014.908627 10.1080/18902138.2014.908627 Search in Google Scholar

Aylott, N., & Bolin, N. (2019). A party system in flux: The Swedish parliamentary election of September 2018. West European Politics, 42(7), 1504–1515. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1583885 AylottN. BolinN. 2019 A party system in flux: The Swedish parliamentary election of September 2018 West European Politics 42 7 1504 1515 https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1583885 10.1080/01402382.2019.1583885 Search in Google Scholar

Benkler, Y., Farris, R., & Roberts, H. (2018). Network propaganda. Oxford University Press. BenklerY. FarrisR. RobertsH. 2018 Network propaganda Oxford University Press 10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001 Search in Google Scholar

Björnberg, K. E., Karlsson, M., Gilek, M., & Hansson, S. O. (2017). Climate and environmental science denial: A review of the scientific literature published in 1990–2015. Journal of Cleaner Production, 167, 229–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.066 BjörnbergK. E. KarlssonM. GilekM. HanssonS. O. 2017 Climate and environmental science denial: A review of the scientific literature published in 1990–2015 Journal of Cleaner Production 167 229 241 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.066 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.066 Search in Google Scholar

Boréus, K., & Seiler Brylla, C. (2018). Kritisk diskursanalys. In K. Boréus, & G. Bergström (Eds.), Textens mening och makt: Metodbok i samhällsvetenskaplig text- och diskursanalys [The text's meaning and power: Methodology in text- and discourse analysis in the social sciences]. (pp. 305–351). Studentlitteratur. BoréusK. Seiler BryllaC. 2018 Kritisk diskursanalys In BoréusK. BergströmG. (Eds.), Textens mening och makt: Metodbok i samhällsvetenskaplig text- och diskursanalys [The text's meaning and power: Methodology in text- and discourse analysis in the social sciences] 305 351 Studentlitteratur Search in Google Scholar

Boykoff, M. T. (2011). Who speaks for the climate? Making sense of media reporting on climate change. Cambridge University Press. BoykoffM. T. 2011 Who speaks for the climate? Making sense of media reporting on climate change Cambridge University Press 10.1017/CBO9780511978586 Search in Google Scholar

Brulle, R. J. (2014). Institutionalizing delay: Foundation funding and the creation of U.S. climate change counter-movement organizations. Climatic Change, 122(4), 681–694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1018-7 BrulleR. J. 2014 Institutionalizing delay: Foundation funding and the creation of U.S. climate change counter-movement organizations Climatic Change 122 4 681 694 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1018-7 10.1007/s10584-013-1018-7 Search in Google Scholar

Climate Feedback. (2019, July 12). Non-peer-reviewed manuscript falsely claims natural cloud changes can explain global warming [blog post]. https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/non-peer-reviewed-manuscript-falsely-claims-natural-cloud-changes-can-explain-global-warming/ Climate Feedback 2019 July 12 Non-peer-reviewed manuscript falsely claims natural cloud changes can explain global warming [blog post] https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/non-peer-reviewed-manuscript-falsely-claims-natural-cloud-changes-can-explain-global-warming/ Search in Google Scholar

Cohen, S. (2001). States of denial: Knowing about atrocities and suffering. Cambridge: Polity Press. CohenS. 2001 States of denial: Knowing about atrocities and suffering Cambridge Polity Press Search in Google Scholar

Dave, A., Ndulue, E. B., & Schwartz-Henderson, L. (2020). Targeting Greta Thunberg: A case study in online mis/disinformation [Policy paper, nr 11]. German Marshall Fund of the United States. DaveA. NdulueE. B. Schwartz-HendersonL. 2020 Targeting Greta Thunberg: A case study in online mis/disinformation [Policy paper, nr 11]. German Marshall Fund of the United States Search in Google Scholar

Dunlap, R. E., & McCright, A. M. (2011). Organized climate change denial. In J. S. Dryzek, R. B. Norgaard, & D. Schlossberg (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of climate change and society (pp. 144–160). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001 DunlapR. E. McCrightA. M. 2011 Organized climate change denial In DryzekJ. S. NorgaardR. B. SchlossbergD. (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of climate change and society 144 160 Oxford University Press https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0010 Search in Google Scholar

Dyett, J., & Thomas, C. (2019). Overpopulation discourse: Patriarchy, racism, and the specter of ecofascism. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 18(1–2), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341514 DyettJ. ThomasC. 2019 Overpopulation discourse: Patriarchy, racism, and the specter of ecofascism Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 18 1–2 205 224 https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341514 10.1163/15691497-12341514 Search in Google Scholar

Ekberg, K., & Pressfeldt, V. (2021, February 17). Draft paper: Market governance, obstruction, and denial: Neoliberal environmental thought and policy in Sweden, 1988–2015 [Workshop presentation]. The Ecology of Economic Thought: Online workshop, Harvard University and Uppsala University, online. EkbergK. PressfeldtV. 2021 February 17 Draft paper: Market governance, obstruction, and denial: Neoliberal environmental thought and policy in Sweden, 1988–2015 [Workshop presentation]. The Ecology of Economic Thought: Online workshop, Harvard University and Uppsala University, online. Search in Google Scholar

Fairclough, N. (2010). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315834368 FaircloughN. 2010 Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language 2nd ed. Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315834368 10.4324/9781315834368 Search in Google Scholar

Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse as social interaction (Reprint) (pp. 258–284). Sage. FaircloughN. WodakR. 1997 Critical discourse analysis In van DijkT. A. (Ed.), Discourse as social interaction (Reprint) 258 284 Sage Search in Google Scholar

Farrell, J. (2016). Network structure and influence of the climate change counter-movement. Nature Climate Change, 6(4), 370–374. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2875 FarrellJ. 2016 Network structure and influence of the climate change counter-movement Nature Climate Change 6 4 370 374 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2875 10.1038/nclimate2875 Search in Google Scholar

Forchtner, B. (Ed.). (2019). The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 ForchtnerB. (Ed.). 2019 The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 10.4324/9781351104043 Search in Google Scholar

Forchtner, B., & Kølvraa, C. (2015). The nature of nationalism: Populist radical right parties on countryside and climate. Nature and Culture, 10(2), 199–224. https://doi.org/10.3167/nc.2015.100204 ForchtnerB. KølvraaC. 2015 The nature of nationalism: Populist radical right parties on countryside and climate Nature and Culture 10 2 199 224 https://doi.org/10.3167/nc.2015.100204 10.3167/nc.2015.100204 Search in Google Scholar

Forchtner, B., Kroneder, A., & Wetzel, D. (2018). Being skeptical? Exploring far-right climate-change communication in Germany. Environmental Communication, 12(5), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1470546 ForchtnerB. KronederA. WetzelD. 2018 Being skeptical? Exploring far-right climate-change communication in Germany Environmental Communication 12 5 589 604 https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1470546 10.1080/17524032.2018.1470546 Search in Google Scholar

Forchtner, B., & Özvatan, Ö. (2019). Beyond the ‘German forest’ – Environmental communication by the far right in Germany. In B. Forchtner (Ed.), The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication (pp. 216–236). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 ForchtnerB. ÖzvatanÖ. 2019 Beyond the ‘German forest’ – Environmental communication by the far right in Germany In ForchtnerB. (Ed.), The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication 216 236 Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 10.4324/9781351104043-13 Search in Google Scholar

Glasser, T. L., & Ettema, J. S. (1993). When the facts don’t speak for themselves: A study of the use of irony in daily journalism. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 10(4), 322–338. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295039309366874 GlasserT. L. EttemaJ. S. 1993 When the facts don’t speak for themselves: A study of the use of irony in daily journalism Critical Studies in Mass Communication 10 4 322 338 https://doi.org/10.1080/15295039309366874 10.1080/15295039309366874 Search in Google Scholar

Gössling, S. (2019). Celebrities, air travel, and social norms. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, 102775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102775 GösslingS. 2019 Celebrities, air travel, and social norms Annals of Tourism Research 79 102775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102775 10.1016/j.annals.2019.102775 Search in Google Scholar

Haller, A., Holt, K., & de la Brosse, R. (2019). The ‘other’ alternatives: Political right-wing alternative media. Journal of Alternative and Community Media, 4(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00039_2 HallerA. HoltK. de la BrosseR. 2019 The ‘other’ alternatives: Political right-wing alternative media Journal of Alternative and Community Media 4 1 1 6 https://doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00039_2 10.1386/joacm_00039_2 Search in Google Scholar

Holt, K. (2016). Skilda verkligheter? “Internets undervegetation” vs “PK-maffian” [Different realities? “Internet's undergrowth” vs “the PK-maffia”]. In L. Truedsson (Ed.), Migrationen i medierna: Men det får en väl inte prata om? [Migration in the media: But you can’t talk about that, can you?]. The Institute for Media Studies. HoltK. 2016 Skilda verkligheter? “Internets undervegetation” vs “PK-maffian” [Different realities? “Internet's undergrowth” vs “the PK-maffia”] In TruedssonL. (Ed.), Migrationen i medierna: Men det får en väl inte prata om? [Migration in the media: But you can’t talk about that, can you?] The Institute for Media Studies Search in Google Scholar

Holt, K. (2018). Alternative media and the notion of anti-systemness: Towards an analytical framework. Media and Communication, 6(4), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1467 HoltK. 2018 Alternative media and the notion of anti-systemness: Towards an analytical framework Media and Communication 6 4 49 57 https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1467 10.17645/mac.v6i4.1467 Search in Google Scholar

Holt, K. (2019). Right-wing alternative media (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429454691 HoltK. 2019 Right-wing alternative media 1st ed. Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429454691 10.4324/9780429454691 Search in Google Scholar

Holt, K., Figenschou, T. U., & Frischlich, L. (2019). Key Dimensions of Alternative News Media. Digital Journalism, 7(7), 860–869. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2019.1625715 HoltK. FigenschouT. U. FrischlichL. 2019 Key Dimensions of Alternative News Media Digital Journalism 7 7 860 869 https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2019.1625715 10.1080/21670811.2019.1625715 Search in Google Scholar

Hultman, M., Björk, A., & Viinikka, T. (2019). Far-right and climate change denial. Denouncing environmental challenges via anti-establishment rhetoric, marketing of doubts, industrial/breadwinner masculinities, enactments and ethno-nationalism. In B. Forchtner (Ed.), The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication (pp. 122–136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 HultmanM. BjörkA. ViinikkaT. 2019 Far-right and climate change denial. Denouncing environmental challenges via anti-establishment rhetoric, marketing of doubts, industrial/breadwinner masculinities, enactments and ethno-nationalism In ForchtnerB. (Ed.), The far right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication 122 136 Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351104043 10.4324/9781351104043 Search in Google Scholar

Jacques, P. J., & Knox, C. C. (2016). Hurricanes and hegemony: A qualitative analysis of micro-level climate change denial discourses. Environmental Politics, 25(5), 831–852. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2016.1189233 JacquesP. J. KnoxC. C. 2016 Hurricanes and hegemony: A qualitative analysis of micro-level climate change denial discourses Environmental Politics 25 5 831 852 https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2016.1189233 10.1080/09644016.2016.1189233 Search in Google Scholar

Jeffries, E. (2017). Nationalist advance. Nature Climate Change, 7(7), 469–471. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3334 JeffriesE. 2017 Nationalist advance Nature Climate Change 7 7 469 471 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3334 10.1038/nclimate3334 Search in Google Scholar

Jylhä, K. M., & Hellmer, K. (2020). Right-wing populism and climate change denial: The roles of exclusionary and anti-egalitarian preferences, conservative ideology, and antiestablishment attitudes. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 20(1), 315–335. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12203 JylhäK. M. HellmerK. 2020 Right-wing populism and climate change denial: The roles of exclusionary and anti-egalitarian preferences, conservative ideology, and antiestablishment attitudes Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 20 1 315 335 https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12203 10.1111/asap.12203 Search in Google Scholar

Jylhä, K. M., Strimling, P., & Rydgren, J. (2020). Climate change denial among radical right-wing supporters. Sustainability, 12(23), 10226 (15pp). https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310226 JylhäK. M. StrimlingP. RydgrenJ. 2020 Climate change denial among radical right-wing supporters Sustainability 12 23 10226 (15pp). https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310226 10.3390/su122310226 Search in Google Scholar

Kaiser, J., & Puschmann, C. (2017). Alliance of antagonism: Counterpublics and polarization in online climate change communication. Communication and the Public, 2(4), 371–387. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057047317732350 KaiserJ. PuschmannC. 2017 Alliance of antagonism: Counterpublics and polarization in online climate change communication Communication and the Public 2 4 371 387 https://doi.org/10.1177/2057047317732350 10.1177/2057047317732350 Search in Google Scholar

Kauppinen, J., & Malmi, P. (2019). No experimental evidence for the significant anthropogenic climate change. ArXiv:1907.00165 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00165 KauppinenJ. MalmiP. 2019 No experimental evidence for the significant anthropogenic climate change ArXiv:1907.00165 [Physics] http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00165 Search in Google Scholar

Klemperer, V. (1947). LTI – Notizbuch eines Philologen. Stuttgart: Reclam [A philologist's notebook]. Reclam. KlempererV. 1947 LTI – Notizbuch eines Philologen. Stuttgart: Reclam [A philologist's notebook] Reclam Search in Google Scholar

Klemperer, V. (2000). The language of the Third Reich: LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii: A philologist's notebook (M. Brady, Trans.). The Athlone Press. KlempererV. 2000 The language of the Third Reich: LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii: A philologist's notebook BradyM. Trans. The Athlone Press Search in Google Scholar

Krange, O., Kaltenborn, B. P., & Hultman, M. (2018). Cool dudes in Norway: Climate change denial among conservative Norwegian men. Environmental Sociology, 5(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/23251042.2018.1488516 KrangeO. KaltenbornB. P. HultmanM. 2018 Cool dudes in Norway: Climate change denial among conservative Norwegian men Environmental Sociology 5 1 1 11 https://doi.org/10.1080/23251042.2018.1488516 10.1080/23251042.2018.1488516 Search in Google Scholar

Kreis, R. (2017). #refugeesnotwelcome: Anti-refugee discourse on Twitter. Discourse & Communication, 11(5), 498–514. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481317714121 KreisR. 2017 #refugeesnotwelcome: Anti-refugee discourse on Twitter Discourse & Communication 11 5 498 514 https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481317714121 10.1177/1750481317714121 Search in Google Scholar

Kulin, J., Johansson Sevä, I., & Dunlap, R. E. (2021, March 23). Nationalist ideology, rightwing populism, and public views about climate change in Europe. Environmental Politics, 1–24. Latest Articles. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2021.1898879 KulinJ. Johansson SeväI. DunlapR. E. 2021 March 23 Nationalist ideology, rightwing populism, and public views about climate change in Europe Environmental Politics 1 24 Latest Articles. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2021.1898879 10.1080/09644016.2021.1898879 Search in Google Scholar

Larsson, A. O. (2019). Right-wingers on the rise online: Insights from the 2018 Swedish elections. New Media & Society, 22(12), 2108–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819887700 LarssonA. O. 2019 Right-wingers on the rise online: Insights from the 2018 Swedish elections New Media & Society 22 12 2108 217 https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819887700 10.1177/1461444819887700 Search in Google Scholar

Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Oberauer, K., Brophy, S., Lloyd, E. A., & Marriott, M. (2015). Recurrent fury: Conspiratorial discourse in the blogosphere triggered by research on the role of conspiracist ideation in climate denial. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 3(1), 142–178. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i1.443 LewandowskyS. CookJ. OberauerK. BrophyS. LloydE. A. MarriottM. 2015 Recurrent fury: Conspiratorial discourse in the blogosphere triggered by research on the role of conspiracist ideation in climate denial Journal of Social and Political Psychology 3 1 142 178 https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i1.443 10.5964/jspp.v3i1.443 Search in Google Scholar

Lockwood, M. (2018). Right-wing populism and the climate change agenda: Exploring the linkages. Environmental Politics, 27(4), 712–732. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2018.1458411 LockwoodM. 2018 Right-wing populism and the climate change agenda: Exploring the linkages Environmental Politics 27 4 712 732 https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2018.1458411 10.1080/09644016.2018.1458411 Search in Google Scholar

McCright, A. M., & Dunlap, R. E. (2003). Defeating Kyoto: The conservative movement's impact on U.S. climate change policy. Social Problems, 50(3), 348–373. https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2003.50.3.348 McCrightA. M. DunlapR. E. 2003 Defeating Kyoto: The conservative movement's impact on U.S. climate change policy Social Problems 50 3 348 373 https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2003.50.3.348 10.1525/sp.2003.50.3.348 Search in Google Scholar

Mediestödsnämnden. (2020). Beviljade driftsstöd 2020 [ Granted operation subsidies 2020]. https://www.mprt.se Mediestödsnämnden 2020 Beviljade driftsstöd 2020 [ Granted operation subsidies 2020] https://www.mprt.se Search in Google Scholar

Mulhall, J. (2020). Det internationella alt-right och Sverige [The international alt-right and Sweden]. In M. Ranstrorp, & F. Ahlin (Eds.), Från Nordiska motståndsrörelsen till alternativhögern – En studie om den svenska radikalnationalistiska miljön [From the Nordic resistance movement to the alternative right – A study about the Swedish radical nationalist milieu]. (pp. 380–402). Försvarshögskolan. MulhallJ. 2020 Det internationella alt-right och Sverige [The international alt-right and Sweden] In RanstrorpM. AhlinF. (Eds.), Från Nordiska motståndsrörelsen till alternativhögern – En studie om den svenska radikalnationalistiska miljön [From the Nordic resistance movement to the alternative right – A study about the Swedish radical nationalist milieu] 380 402 Försvarshögskolan Search in Google Scholar

Nacu-Schmidt, A., Boykoff, M., & Katzung, J. (2020). A review of media coverage of climate change and global warming in 2019. Media and Climate Change Observatory. https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/articles/qn59q4937 Nacu-SchmidtA. BoykoffM. KatzungJ. 2020 A review of media coverage of climate change and global warming in 2019 Media and Climate Change Observatory https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/articles/qn59q4937 Search in Google Scholar

Newman, N., Fletcher, R., Schulz, A., Simge, A., & Nielsen, R. K. (2020). Reuters Institute digital news report 2020. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford. https://www.digitalnewsreport.org NewmanN. FletcherR. SchulzA. SimgeA. NielsenR. K. 2020 Reuters Institute digital news report 2020 Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford https://www.digitalnewsreport.org Search in Google Scholar

Norgaard, K. M. (2011). Living in Denial. The MIT Press. NorgaardK. M. 2011 Living in Denial The MIT Press 10.7551/mitpress/9780262015448.001.0001 Search in Google Scholar

Nygaard, S. (2019). The appearance of objectivity: How immigration-critical alternative media report the news. Journalism Practice, 13(10), 1147–1163. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2019.1577697 NygaardS. 2019 The appearance of objectivity: How immigration-critical alternative media report the news Journalism Practice 13 10 1147 1163 https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2019.1577697 10.1080/17512786.2019.1577697 Search in Google Scholar

Oreskes, N., & Conway, E. (2011). Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming. Bloomsbury. OreskesN. ConwayE. 2011 Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming Bloomsbury Search in Google Scholar

Painter, J., & Ashe, T. (2012). Cross-national comparison of the presence of climate scepticism in the print media in six countries, 2007–10. Environmental Research Letters, 7(4), 044005 (8pp). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044005 PainterJ. AsheT. 2012 Cross-national comparison of the presence of climate scepticism in the print media in six countries, 2007–10 Environmental Research Letters 7 4 044005 (8pp). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044005 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044005 Search in Google Scholar

Rydgren, J., & van der Meiden, S. (2019). The radical right and the end of Swedish exceptionalism. European Political Science, 18(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-018-0159-6 RydgrenJ. van der MeidenS. 2019 The radical right and the end of Swedish exceptionalism European Political Science 18 3 439 455 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-018-0159-6 10.1057/s41304-018-0159-6 Search in Google Scholar

Rönnerstrand, B. (2019). Dystopiernas kamp: Svenskarnas syn på klimatförändringar och antibiotikaresistens i jämförelse [Battle of the dystopias: Comparing Swedes’ opinion on climate change and antibiotic resistance]. In U. Andersson, P. Öhberg, B. Rönnerstrand, & A. Bergström (Eds.), Storm och stiltje [Storm and lull]. SOM Institute, University of Gothenburg. RönnerstrandB. 2019 Dystopiernas kamp: Svenskarnas syn på klimatförändringar och antibiotikaresistens i jämförelse [Battle of the dystopias: Comparing Swedes’ opinion on climate change and antibiotic resistance] In AnderssonU. ÖhbergP. RönnerstrandB. BergströmA. (Eds.), Storm och stiltje [Storm and lull] SOM Institute, University of Gothenburg Search in Google Scholar

Sandberg, L. A. C., & Ihlebæck, K. A. (2019). Start sharing the news: Exploring the link between right-wing alternative media and social media during the Swedish 2018 election. Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift, 121(3), 421–440. https://journals.lub.lu.se/st/article/download/19816/17898 SandbergL. A. C. IhlebæckK. A. 2019 Start sharing the news: Exploring the link between right-wing alternative media and social media during the Swedish 2018 election Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift 121 3 421 440 https://journals.lub.lu.se/st/article/download/19816/17898 Search in Google Scholar

Schaller, S., & Carius, A. (2019). Convenient truths: Mapping climate agendas of right-wing populist parties in Europe. Adelphi. SchallerS. CariusA. 2019 Convenient truths: Mapping climate agendas of right-wing populist parties in Europe Adelphi Search in Google Scholar

Shekhovtsov, A. (2018). Russia and the Western far right: Tango noir. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315560991 ShekhovtsovA. 2018 Russia and the Western far right: Tango noir Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315560991 10.4324/9781315560991 Search in Google Scholar

Statens medieråd. (2013). Våldsbejakande och antidemokratiska budskap på internet [Violent and anti-democratic messages on the Internet]. Swedish Media Council. Statens medieråd 2013 Våldsbejakande och antidemokratiska budskap på internet [Violent and anti-democratic messages on the Internet] Swedish Media Council Search in Google Scholar

Stoddard, I., Anderson, K., Capstick, S., Carton, W., Depledge, J., Facer, K., Gough, C., Hache, F., Hoolohan, C., Hultman, M., Hällström, N., Klinsky, S., Kuchler, M., Lövbrand, E., Nasiritousi, N., Peters, G. P., Sokona, Y., Stirling, A., Stilwell, M., Spash, C., & Williams, M. (In press). Three decades of climate mitigation: Why haven’t we bent the emissions curve? Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 46. StoddardI. AndersonK. CapstickS. CartonW. DepledgeJ. FacerK. GoughC. HacheF. HoolohanC. HultmanM. HällströmN. KlinskyS. KuchlerM. LövbrandE. NasiritousiN. PetersG. P. SokonaY. StirlingA. StilwellM. SpashC. WilliamsM. (In press) Three decades of climate mitigation: Why haven’t we bent the emissions curve? Annual Review of Environment and Resources 46 10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011104 Search in Google Scholar

Titley, G. (2019). Taboo news about Sweden: The transnational assemblage of a racialized spatial imaginary. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 39(11/12), 1010–1023. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-02-2019-0029 TitleyG. 2019 Taboo news about Sweden: The transnational assemblage of a racialized spatial imaginary International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 39 11/12 1010 1023 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-02-2019-0029 10.1108/IJSSP-02-2019-0029 Search in Google Scholar

Vandergriff, I. (2012). Taking a stance on stance: Metastancing as legitimation. Critical Approaches to Discourse Analysis Across Disciplines, 6(1), 53–75. https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fass/journals/cadaad/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Volume-6_Vandergriff.pdf VandergriffI. 2012 Taking a stance on stance: Metastancing as legitimation Critical Approaches to Discourse Analysis Across Disciplines 6 1 53 75 https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fass/journals/cadaad/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Volume-6_Vandergriff.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Vi-skogen, & Retriever. (2019). Varmare klimat—Iskall nyhet? 2019 [Warmer climate – ice-cold news 2019]. Vi-skogen Retriever. Vi-skogen, & Retriever 2019 Varmare klimat—Iskall nyhet? 2019 [Warmer climate – ice-cold news 2019] Vi-skogen Retriever Search in Google Scholar

Vi-skogen, & Retriever. (2020). Varmare klimat—Iskall nyhet? 2020 [Warmer climate – ice-cold news 2019]. Vi-skogen Retriever. Vi-skogen, & Retriever 2020 Varmare klimat—Iskall nyhet? 2020 [Warmer climate – ice-cold news 2019] Vi-skogen Retriever Search in Google Scholar

Ylä-Anttila, T., Bauvois, G., & Pyrhönen, N. (2019). Politicization of migration in the countermedia style: A computational and qualitative analysis of populist discourse. Discourse, Context & Media, 32, 100326 (8pp). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2019.100326 Ylä-AnttilaT. BauvoisG. PyrhönenN. 2019 Politicization of migration in the countermedia style: A computational and qualitative analysis of populist discourse Discourse, Context & Media 32 100326 (8pp). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2019.100326 10.1016/j.dcm.2019.100326 Search in Google Scholar

Young, N., & Coutinho, A. (2013). Government, anti-reflexivity, and the construction of public ignorance about climate change: Australia and Canada compared. Global Environmental Politics, 13(2), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1162/GLEP_a_00168 YoungN. CoutinhoA. 2013 Government, anti-reflexivity, and the construction of public ignorance about climate change: Australia and Canada compared Global Environmental Politics 13 2 89 108 https://doi.org/10.1162/GLEP_a_00168 10.1162/GLEP_a_00168 Search in Google Scholar

Björklund, P. (2018a, February 2). Klimatkonferens i Göteborg [Climate conference in Gothenburg]. Nya Tider. https://www.nyatider.nu/klimatkonferens-i-goteborg/ BjörklundP. 2018a February 2 Klimatkonferens i Göteborg [Climate conference in Gothenburg] Nya Tider https://www.nyatider.nu/klimatkonferens-i-goteborg/ Search in Google Scholar

Björklund, P. (2018b, March 10). Nya rön på klimatkonferens: Solens klimatpåverkan allt tydligare, koldioxid ingen fara [New findings at climate conference: The sun's influence on climate increasingly apparent, carbon dioxide no problem]. Nya Tider. https://www.nyatider.nu/solens-klimatpaverkan-allt-tydligare-koldioxid-ingen-fara/ BjörklundP. 2018b March 10 Nya rön på klimatkonferens: Solens klimatpåverkan allt tydligare, koldioxid ingen fara [New findings at climate conference: The sun's influence on climate increasingly apparent, carbon dioxide no problem] Nya Tider https://www.nyatider.nu/solens-klimatpaverkan-allt-tydligare-koldioxid-ingen-fara/ Search in Google Scholar

Dagerlind, M. (2019, April 26). Den millennialistiska klimatsekten – vänsterelitens folkförakt i nya kläder. [The millennial climate sect – the left-elite's contempt for the people in new clothes]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/den-millennialistiska-klimatsekten-vansterelitens-folkforakt-i-nya-klader/ DagerlindM. 2019 April 26 Den millennialistiska klimatsekten – vänsterelitens folkförakt i nya kläder. [The millennial climate sect – the left-elite's contempt for the people in new clothes] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/den-millennialistiska-klimatsekten-vansterelitens-folkforakt-i-nya-klader/ Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2018a, July 20). Expressen-chefen skyller skogsbränderna på ‘äldre vita män’ [The Expressen-boss blames forest fires on ‘elderly white men’]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/expressens-vice-kulturchef-skyller-skogsbr-nderna-p-ldre-vita-m-n Fria Tider 2018a July 20 Expressen-chefen skyller skogsbränderna på ‘äldre vita män’ [The Expressen-boss blames forest fires on ‘elderly white men’] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/expressens-vice-kulturchef-skyller-skogsbr-nderna-p-ldre-vita-m-n Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2018b, August 7). Fake news om ‘klimatförändringar’ spreds till 2,5 miljarder människor [Fake news about ‘climate change’ was spread to 2.5 million people]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/fake-news-om-klimatf-r-ndringar-spreds-till-25-miljarder-m-nniskor Fria Tider 2018b August 7 Fake news om ‘klimatförändringar’ spreds till 2,5 miljarder människor [Fake news about ‘climate change’ was spread to 2.5 million people] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/fake-news-om-klimatf-r-ndringar-spreds-till-25-miljarder-m-nniskor Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2018c, November 30). Greta Thunberg ska träffa FN:s generalsekreterare [Greta Thunberg will meet the General Secretary of the UN]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/greta-thunberg-ska-tr-ffa-fns-generalsekreterare Fria Tider 2018c November 30 Greta Thunberg ska träffa FN:s generalsekreterare [Greta Thunberg will meet the General Secretary of the UN] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/greta-thunberg-ska-tr-ffa-fns-generalsekreterare Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2018d, December 13). Klimathysteri kan kosta Norge 7.000 miljarder [Climate hysteria can cost Norway 7,000 billion]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/klimathysteri-kan-kosta-norge-7000-miljarder Fria Tider 2018d December 13 Klimathysteri kan kosta Norge 7.000 miljarder [Climate hysteria can cost Norway 7,000 billion] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/klimathysteri-kan-kosta-norge-7000-miljarder Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019a, April 13). Lövins plan: Införa så radikal klimatpolitik att ‘resten av världen blir avundsjuk på Sverige’ [Lövin's plan: Introduce such climate politics that the ‘rest of the world becomes jealous of Sweden’]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/l-vins-plan-inf-ra-s-radikal-klimatpolitik-att-resten-av-v-rlden-blir-avundsjuk-p-sverige Fria Tider 2019a April 13 Lövins plan: Införa så radikal klimatpolitik att ‘resten av världen blir avundsjuk på Sverige’ [Lövin's plan: Introduce such climate politics that the ‘rest of the world becomes jealous of Sweden’] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/l-vins-plan-inf-ra-s-radikal-klimatpolitik-att-resten-av-v-rlden-blir-avundsjuk-p-sverige Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019b, May 31). Dansk journalist vill polisanmäla Gretas mamma [Danish journalist wants to report Greta's mom to the police]. Fria Tider. http://www.friatider.se/dansk-journalist-vill-polisanm-la-gretas-mamma Fria Tider 2019b May 31 Dansk journalist vill polisanmäla Gretas mamma [Danish journalist wants to report Greta's mom to the police] Fria Tider http://www.friatider.se/dansk-journalist-vill-polisanm-la-gretas-mamma Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019c, July 25). Greta kräver att vuxna ska skolka från jobbet [Greta demands that adults go AWOL from work]. Fria Tider. https://www.friatider.se/greta-kr-ver-att-alla-vuxna-slutar-jobba Fria Tider 2019c July 25 Greta kräver att vuxna ska skolka från jobbet [Greta demands that adults go AWOL from work] Fria Tider https://www.friatider.se/greta-kr-ver-att-alla-vuxna-slutar-jobba Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019d, September 10). ‘Tomma ord’ – hård kritik mot Löfvens regeringsförklaring [‘Empty words’ – hard critique against Löfven's statement of goverment policy]. Fria Tider. https://www.friatider.se/tomma-ord-h-rd-kritik-mot-l-fvens-regeringsf-rklaring Fria Tider 2019d September 10 ‘Tomma ord’ – hård kritik mot Löfvens regeringsförklaring [‘Empty words’ – hard critique against Löfven's statement of goverment policy] Fria Tider https://www.friatider.se/tomma-ord-h-rd-kritik-mot-l-fvens-regeringsf-rklaring Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019e, September 20). Löfven: Samhället kan gå sönder – av ‘klimatförändringar’ [Löfven: Society can break – because of ‘climate change’]. Fria Tider. https://www.friatider.se/l-fven-samh-llet-kan-g-s-nder-av-klimatf-r-ndringar Fria Tider 2019e September 20 Löfven: Samhället kan gå sönder – av ‘klimatförändringar’ [Löfven: Society can break – because of ‘climate change’] Fria Tider https://www.friatider.se/l-fven-samh-llet-kan-g-s-nder-av-klimatf-r-ndringar Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019f, October 22). Globala eliten flyger tusen gånger mer än genomsnittet [The global elite fly more than a thousand times the average]. Fria Tider. https://www.friatider.se/globala-eliten-flyger-tusen-g-nger-mer-n-genomsnittet Fria Tider 2019f October 22 Globala eliten flyger tusen gånger mer än genomsnittet [The global elite fly more than a thousand times the average] Fria Tider https://www.friatider.se/globala-eliten-flyger-tusen-g-nger-mer-n-genomsnittet Search in Google Scholar

Fria Tider. (2019g, December 3). Greta skriver i Soros-tidning: ‘Rasismen’ måste bekämpas [Greta writes in Soros-newspaper: ‘Racism’ must be fought]. Fria Tider. https://www.friatider.se/greta-skriver-i-soros-tidning-rasismen-m-ste-bek-mpas Fria Tider 2019g December 3 Greta skriver i Soros-tidning: ‘Rasismen’ måste bekämpas [Greta writes in Soros-newspaper: ‘Racism’ must be fought] Fria Tider https://www.friatider.se/greta-skriver-i-soros-tidning-rasismen-m-ste-bek-mpas Search in Google Scholar

Kristoffersson, S. (2019a, January 6). Jean-Claude Juncker flög privat för miljoner – kräver att EU-medborgarna blir mer klimatsmarta [Jean-Claude Juncker flew privately for millions – demands that EU citizens become more climate smart]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/jean-claude-juncker-flog-privat-for-miljoner-kraver-att-eu-medborgarna-blir-mer-klimatsmarta/ KristofferssonS. 2019a January 6 Jean-Claude Juncker flög privat för miljoner – kräver att EU-medborgarna blir mer klimatsmarta [Jean-Claude Juncker flew privately for millions – demands that EU citizens become more climate smart] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/jean-claude-juncker-flog-privat-for-miljoner-kraver-att-eu-medborgarna-blir-mer-klimatsmarta/ Search in Google Scholar

Kristoffersson, S. (2019b, January 19). Nya regeringen vill förbjuda försäljning av bensin- och dieselbilar [The new government wants to ban sales of petrol and diesel cars]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/nya-regeringen-vill-forbjuda-forsaljning-av-bensin-och-dieselbilar-fran-2030/ KristofferssonS. 2019b January 19 Nya regeringen vill förbjuda försäljning av bensin- och dieselbilar [The new government wants to ban sales of petrol and diesel cars] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/nya-regeringen-vill-forbjuda-forsaljning-av-bensin-och-dieselbilar-fran-2030/ Search in Google Scholar

Kristoffersson, S. (2019c, September 21). Göteborg tvingar elever till köttfria och ‘klimatsmarta’ måltider [Gothenburg forces pupils to meat-free and ‘climate smart’ meals]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/goteborg-tvingar-elever-till-kottfria-och-klimatsmarta-maltider/ KristofferssonS. 2019c September 21 Göteborg tvingar elever till köttfria och ‘klimatsmarta’ måltider [Gothenburg forces pupils to meat-free and ‘climate smart’ meals] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/goteborg-tvingar-elever-till-kottfria-och-klimatsmarta-maltider/ Search in Google Scholar

Malm, R. (2018, December 14). Klimat eller väder? [Climate or weather?] Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/klimat-eller-vader/ MalmR. 2018 December 14 Klimat eller väder? [Climate or weather?] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/klimat-eller-vader/ Search in Google Scholar

Malm, R. (2019, September 14). Rolf Malm: Mannen bakom klimatlarmen fälld som bedragare [Rolf Malm: The man behind the climate alarms convicted as a charlatan]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/mannen-bakom-klimatlarmen-falld-som-bedragare/ MalmR. 2019 September 14 Rolf Malm: Mannen bakom klimatlarmen fälld som bedragare [Rolf Malm: The man behind the climate alarms convicted as a charlatan] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/mannen-bakom-klimatlarmen-falld-som-bedragare/ Search in Google Scholar

Nilsson, A. (2018, November 6). Dagens Nyheter bjuder in till ‘Klimatkväll’ med ärkebiskopen och klimatpsykolog [Dagens Nyheter to host a ‘Climate evening’ with the archbishop and climate psychologist]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/dagens-nyheter-bjuder-in-till-klimatkvall-med-arkebiskopen-och-klimatpsykolog/ NilssonA. 2018 November 6 Dagens Nyheter bjuder in till ‘Klimatkväll’ med ärkebiskopen och klimatpsykolog [Dagens Nyheter to host a ‘Climate evening’ with the archbishop and climate psychologist] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/dagens-nyheter-bjuder-in-till-klimatkvall-med-arkebiskopen-och-klimatpsykolog/ Search in Google Scholar

Persson, J. (2019, April 24). George Soros behind Greta Thunberg. Nya tider. https://www.nyatider.nu/the-global-network-behind-greta-thunberg/ PerssonJ. 2019 April 24 George Soros behind Greta Thunberg Nya tider https://www.nyatider.nu/the-global-network-behind-greta-thunberg/ Search in Google Scholar

Samhällsnytt. (2018, November 16). Forskare erkänner avgörande fel i studie om hur snabbt haven värms upp [Scientists admit critical error in study regarding how quickly the ocean heats up]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/forskare-erkanner-avgorande-fel-i-studie-om-hur-snabbt-haven-varms-upp/ Samhällsnytt 2018 November 16 Forskare erkänner avgörande fel i studie om hur snabbt haven värms upp [Scientists admit critical error in study regarding how quickly the ocean heats up] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/forskare-erkanner-avgorande-fel-i-studie-om-hur-snabbt-haven-varms-upp/ Search in Google Scholar

Tornvall, T. (2018, August 25). Kritiska klimatböcker varnar för bisarra överdrifter [Critical climate books warn against bizarre overstatements]. Nya tider. https://www.nyatider.nu/kritiska-klimat-bocker-varnar-for-bisarra-overdrifter/ TornvallT. 2018 August 25 Kritiska klimatböcker varnar för bisarra överdrifter [Critical climate books warn against bizarre overstatements] Nya tider https://www.nyatider.nu/kritiska-klimat-bocker-varnar-for-bisarra-overdrifter/ Search in Google Scholar

Tullberg, J. (2019, April 5). Hot—Verkliga eller fiktiva? [Threats – Real or imagined?] Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/hot-verkliga-eller-fiktiva/ TullbergJ. 2019 April 5 Hot—Verkliga eller fiktiva? [Threats – Real or imagined?] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/hot-verkliga-eller-fiktiva/ Search in Google Scholar

Welander, P. (2018, August 30). Regeringen Löfven slösar bort sex miljoner kronor på att kartlägga klimathotskeptiker [The Löfven government wastes six million Swedish kronor to map climate-threat sceptics]. Klimatupplysningen [blog]. http://www.klimatupplysningen.se/2018/08/30/regeringen-lofven-slosar-bort-sex-miljoner-kronor-pa-att-kartlagga-klimathotskeptiker/ WelanderP. 2018 August 30 Regeringen Löfven slösar bort sex miljoner kronor på att kartlägga klimathotskeptiker [The Löfven government wastes six million Swedish kronor to map climate-threat sceptics] Klimatupplysningen [blog]. http://www.klimatupplysningen.se/2018/08/30/regeringen-lofven-slosar-bort-sex-miljoner-kronor-pa-att-kartlagga-klimathotskeptiker/ Search in Google Scholar

Westlund, H. (2019, October 18). Klimat-Greta flydde från intervju med kritiska frågor [Climate – Greta fled interview with critical questions]. Samhällsnytt. https://samnytt.se/klimat-greta-flydde-fran-intervju-med-kritiska-fragor/ WestlundH. 2019 October 18 Klimat-Greta flydde från intervju med kritiska frågor [Climate – Greta fled interview with critical questions] Samhällsnytt https://samnytt.se/klimat-greta-flydde-fran-intervju-med-kritiska-fragor/ Search in Google Scholar