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Study of the possibility of using sulfur asphalt and sulfur concrete in road construction

Andrii Bieliatynskyi
Andrii Bieliatynskyi
, 
Shilin Yang
Shilin Yang
, 
Kateryna Krayushkina
Kateryna Krayushkina
, 
Meiyu Shao
Meiyu Shao
 et 
Mingyang Ta
Mingyang Ta
   | 26 oct. 2023
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Publié en ligne: 26 oct. 2023
Pages: 244 - 262
Reçu: 15 févr. 2023
Accepté: 01 juil. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2023-0016
Mots clés
© 2023 Andrii Bieliatynskyi et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Crystals of solidified molten sulfur
Crystals of solidified molten sulfur

Fig. 2.

Sulfur concrete, filler - cakes, modifier - DCPI: a) with vibration; b) no vibration
Sulfur concrete, filler - cakes, modifier - DCPI: a) with vibration; b) no vibration

Fig. 3.

Sulfur concretes: a) filler - cakes; b) filler - “tailings”
Sulfur concretes: a) filler - cakes; b) filler - “tailings”

Grain composition of crushed stone and sand

Material name Total residues on sieves. % Sieves. mm
40 30 20 10 5 (3) 2.5 1.25 0.63 0.315 0.14 <0.14
Crushed stone 0.5 10 30–60 60–85 90–100
Tailing sand 2 10 35 40 50 100
Sand from crushed slag 7–22 20–55 70–90 - 92–99 <8%
Sand from non-crushed slag 0–2 0–15 40–50 75–90 90–97 100
Sand from the ashes of the thermal power plant 0–4 0–6 2–53 10–38 100

Test results of selected formulations

Mixture Composition of components. % Strength. MPa Water absorption. % Frost. cycles
Mod. Sulfur binder Basalt screenings Slag sands
SB1 100.0 - - 58.0 0.06 400
SB 2 26.8 46.4 26.8 62.1 0.08 400
SB 3 27.2 46.4 26.4 63.3 0.08 400
SB 4 27.6 46.4 26.0 63.7 0.08 400
SB 5 28.0 46.4 25.6 64.3 0.08 400
SB 6 28.4 46.4 25.2 65.3 0.07 500
SB 7 28.8 46.4 24.8 66.1 0.07 500
SB 8 29.2 46.4 24.4 66.6 0.07 500
SB 9 29.6 46.4 24.0 67.1 0.07 500
SB 10 30.0 46.4 23.6 67.1 0.06 500
SB U 30.4 46.4 23.2 67.0 0.06 500
SB 11 30.8 46.4 22.8 67.0 0.06 500
SB 12 30.8 46.4 22.8 67.0 0.06 500
SB 13 31.2 46.4 22.4 67.0 0.07 500
SB 14 31.6 46.4 22.0 66.5 0.07 500
SB N 32.0 46.4 21.6 65.8 0.07 400
SB.b 32.4 46.4 21.2 64.2 0.07 400
SB 17 32.8 46.4 20.8 63.5 0.06 400
SB 18 33.2 46.4 20.4 62.0 0.06 400
SB 19 33.6 46.4 20.0 62.0 0.06 400

Sulfur in gases of metallurgical production

Indicator Amount
Sulfur content, %, not less than 99.2
Ash content, incl. Fe, Mg, Cu, %, max 0.4
Acidity in terms of H2SO4H2SO4 0.02
Content of organic substances, %, no more 0.5
Moisture content, %, no more 1.0
Melting point, °C 112.8
Density of molten sulfur, g/cm3 1.8
Density of solid sulfur at 20° C, g/cm3
rhombic 2.07
monoclinic 2.06
amorphous 2.02
Boiling temperature, °C 444.6
Flash point, °C 250

Change in the strength of samples during testing according to the standard method

No Composition of sulfur concrete Freezing temperature Sample thawing environment Water resistance coefficient after test cycles Kst
50 100 200 300 500
1 Compound A and B −50°C Water 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.92 0.68
2 Compound B 0.90 0.88 0.85 0.60 0.42

Chemical composition of the slag in percent

SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SiO3
33.67 4.00 56.6 2.4 0.5 2.8

Approximate composition of asphalt concrete

Nomination Compound, % by weight
Bitumen, on top of mineral particles Filler Bitumen, on top of mineral particles Crashed stone
Asphalt concrete 7–9 Asphalt concrete 7–9 Asphalt concrete

Optimal composition selection

Optimal composition of sulfur structural concrete Wt.%
Technical sulfur 18.6 18.6
Crushed stone basalt fraction 46.4 46.4
Sand slag fineness module (2.9–3.2) 23 23
Tailings of metallurgical production 11
Nickel plant cakes 11
Dicyclopentadiene (% by mass sulfur) 5 5

The influence of bitumen additives on the physical and mechanical properties of black compositions on fine-grained and coarse-grained aggregates on unmodified sulfur binder

Sample number B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 B-5 B-6 B-7 B-8 B-9 B-10
Bitumen content. % (by weight of sulfur) 0 0.5 1 2 3 5 10 20 30 50
Compressive strength Rst. 26.4 24.1 22.3 18.2 13.1 9.3 6.8 5.9 4.8 3.2
Mpa 22.6 21.3 20.7 17.6 11.8 8.7 6.3 5.3 4.2 3.0

Significance of temperature transitions in iron cakes

Temperature, °C J/g
76 14.9
278 195
411 409
503 17.7

Sand based on granular slag

Indicators Value
True density, not more than kg/m3 2800
Average density, kg/m3 1650–1950
Size modulus mm 2.5–3.6
Granules 5–10 mm, % <6
Granules >10 mm, % <4
Natural background radiation, not more than, Bq/kg 370

Dependence of the decrease in the strength of sulfur concrete on water absorption

Compound Filler Rct, Mpa W, % (30 days) Water resistance coefficient
No % Before diving into the water After immersion in water
1 13 “tailings” 51.8 41.4 0.4 0.80
2 15 “tailings” 58.9 53.0 0.3 0.90
3 19 “tailings” 67.1 63.7 0.23 0.95
cakes 67.8 64.4 0.021 0.95

Chemical composition of mountain rocks

Rock Chemical composition
SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 Cl2O FeO MgO MnO CaO Na2O K2O SO3
Dolerites 51.61 1.64 14.98 3.57 - 5.92 0.65 0.18 9.15 3.26 1.1 -
Gabbro-dolerites 41.85 0.86 14.7 5.22 0.03 9.72 9.5 0.16 10.4 1.6 0.69 0.57
Basalts 51.63 0.83 15.32 4.21 0.01 4.72 6.09 0.15 8.32 3.0 1.9 0.01
Gabbro 34.62 0.8 9.27 14.21 0.43 6.1 2.34 0.11 12.3 0.44 0.19 -
Andesitic basalt 45.1 1.05 16.5 5.92 0.06 8.14 4.93 0.14 8.41 2.68 0.93 0.42
Granite-porphyry 67.2 0.42 14.63 1.25 - 2.24 1.91 0.04 2.14 3.24 4.98 0.04
Silica-alumina corneas 46.34 0.9 15.48 2.05 0.01 5.03 0.91 0.39 10.9 1.35 2.9 0.35
Chalk-stone 3.72 - 115 - - 0.5 2.01 - 50.9 2.4 0.12

Change in the strength of specimens during testing by the accelerated method

No Composition of sulfur concrete Freezing temperature Sample thawing environment Water resistance coefficient after test cycles
50 100 200 300
1 Compound A −50°C Water 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.87
2 Compound B 0.98 0.96 0.91 0.86
3 Compound B 0.80 0.77 0.71 0.68
4 Compound A −50°C Air 0.98 0.97 0.83 0.89
5 Compound B 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.87
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