Tracking trace chemical alterations in biogenic apatite – improvements in tooth sample preparation for experimental approach

Studying the properties of hard tissues, such as bones or teeth, often requires an experimental approach that enables the mechanisms observed in clinical settings to be explained or supports the safe planning of clinical trials. This paper compiles some methodological insights on the proper preparation of biogenic apatite found in human teeth for in vitro studies. These insights were gathered through experimental work and a review of some literature related to in vitro studies on the impact of metal orthodontic appliances on the chemical and crystallographic properties of dental enamel.