When home becomes a cage: Daily activities, space-time constraints, isolation and the loneliness of older adults in urban environments

ANDREWS, G. J., GRENIER, A. M. (2015): Ageing movement as space-time: Introducing non-representational theory to the geography of ageing. Progress in Geography, 34(12): 1512–1534.Search in Google Scholar

ANTONINETTI, M., GARRETT, M. (2012): Body capital and the geography of ageing. Area, 44(3): 364–370.10.1111/j.1475-4762.2012.01089.xSearch in Google Scholar

BALTES, M. M., WAHL, H. W., SCHMID-FURSTOSS, U. (1990): The daily life of elderly Germans: Activity patterns, personal control, and functional health. Journal of Gerontology, 45(4): 173–179.10.1093/geronj/45.4.P173Search in Google Scholar

BÖCKER, L., VAN AMEN, P., HELBICH, M. (2017): Elderly travel frequencies and transport mode choices in Greater Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Transportation, 44(4): 831–852.10.1007/s11116-016-9680-zSearch in Google Scholar

COHEN-MANSFIELD, J., EISNER, R. (2020): The meanings of loneliness for older persons. Ageing & Mental Health, 24(4): 564–574.10.1080/13607863.2019.157101930773894Search in Google Scholar

CORNWELL, E. Y., WAITE, L. J. (2009): Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and health among older adults. Journal of health and social behavior, 50(1): 31–48.10.1177/002214650905000103275697919413133Search in Google Scholar

CUIGNET, T., PERCHOUX, C., CARUSO, G., KLEIN, O., KLEIN, S., CHAIX, B., KESTENS, Y., GERBER, P. (2020): Mobility among older adults: Deconstructing the effects of motility and movement on wellbeing. Urban Studies, 57(2): 383–401.10.1177/0042098019852033Search in Google Scholar

CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICE (2019): Senior Citizens [online]. Available at: https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/senior_citizensSearch in Google Scholar

ELLEGÅRD, K. (1999): A time-geographical approach to the study of everyday life of individuals – a challenge of complexity. GeoJournal, 48(3): 67–175.10.1023/A:1007071407502Search in Google Scholar

EUROSTAT (2019): Population structure and ageing [online]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Population_structure_and_ageingSearch in Google Scholar

EUROSTAT (2020): Ageing Europe – looking at the lives of older people in the EU [online]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Ageing_Europe_-_looking_at_the_lives_of_older_people_in_the_EUSearch in Google Scholar

FEDIAF (2017): European Facts & Figures 2017 [online]. Available at: file:///C:/Users/Geonika/AppData/Local/Temp/FEDIAF_Facts_Figures_2017_final.pdfSearch in Google Scholar

FORTUIJN, J. D., VAN DER MEER, M., BURHOLT, V., FERRING, D., QUATTRINI, S., HALLBERG, I. R., WEBER, G., WENGER, G. C. (2006): The activity patterns of older adults: a cross-sectional study in six European countries. Population, Space and Place, 12(5): 353–369.10.1002/psp.422Search in Google Scholar

FRANTÁL, B., MARYÁŠ, J., JAŇURA, J., KLAPKA, P., KUNC, J., NOVÁKOVÁ, E.,… & TOUŠEK, V. (2012): Prostorové chování: vzorce aktivit, mobilita a každodenní život ve městě. Brno, Masaryk University.10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210-5756-2012Search in Google Scholar

FRANTÁL, B., KLAPKA, P. (2020): Exploring the nexus between place of residence, daily activity patterns and the socio-spatial isolation of mothers on parental leave. Area, 52 (2): 401–410.10.1111/area.12585Search in Google Scholar

FRANTÁL, B., KLAPKA, P., SIWEK, T. (2012): Human Behaviour in Space and Time: Theoretical- Methodological Foundations. Sociologický časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 48(5): 833–857.10.13060/00380288.2012.48.5.02Search in Google Scholar

GAUVIN, L., TIZZONI, M., PIAGGESI, S., YOUNG, A., ADLER, N., VERHULST, S., ... & CATTUTO, C. (2020): Gender gaps in urban mobility. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 7(1): 1–13.10.1057/s41599-020-0500-xSearch in Google Scholar

GERSHUNY, J., SULLIVAN, O. (1998): The sociological uses of time-use diary analysis. European Sociological Review, 14(1): 69–85.10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a018228Search in Google Scholar

GIERVELD, J. D. J., TILBURG, T. V. (2006): A 6-item scale for overall, emotional, and social loneliness: Confirmatory tests on survey data. Research on Ageing, 28(5): 582–598.10.1177/0164027506289723Search in Google Scholar

GIERVELD, J. D. J., VAN TILBURG, T. (2010): The De Jong Gierveld short scales for emotional and social loneliness: tested on data from 7 countries in the UN generations and gender surveys. European journal of ageing, 7(2): 121–130.10.1007/s10433-010-0144-6292105720730083Search in Google Scholar

HANSON, P. (1977): The activity patterns of elderly households. Geografiska Annaler B, 59(2): 109–24.10.1080/04353684.1977.11879425Search in Google Scholar

HARDILL, I., OLPHERT, C. W. (2012): Staying connected: Exploring mobile phone use amongst older adults in the UK. Geoforum, 43(6): 1306–1312.10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.03.016Search in Google Scholar

HARPER, S., LAWS, G. (1995): Rethinking the geography of ageing. Progress in Human Geography, 19(2): 199–221.10.1177/030913259501900203Search in Google Scholar

HOPKINS, P., PAIN, R. (2007): Geographies of age: thinking relationally. Area, 39(3): 287–294.10.1111/j.1475-4762.2007.00750.xSearch in Google Scholar

HORNER, M. W., ZOOK, B., DOWNS, J. A. (2012): Where were you? Development of a time-geographic approach for activity destination re-construction. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 36(6): 488–499.10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2012.06.002Search in Google Scholar

HWANG, T. J., RABHERU, K., PEISAH, C., REICHMAN, W., IKEDA, M. (2020): Loneliness and Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Psychogeriatrics, 2020: 1–15.10.1017/S1041610220000988730654632450943Search in Google Scholar

IGARASHI, T. (2019): Development of the Japanese version of the three-item loneliness scale. BMC psychology, 7(1): 20.10.1186/s40359-019-0285-0644991130953545Search in Google Scholar

IZUMIYAMA, H., OHMORI, N., HARATA, N. (2007): Spacetime accessibility measures for evaluating mobilityrelated social exclusion of the elderly. In: Transed 2007: Benchmarking, Evaluation and Vision for the Future. Montreal, Canada.Search in Google Scholar

KIRKEVOLD, M., MOYLE, W., WILKINSON, C., MEYER, J., HAUGE, S. (2013): Facing the challenge of adapting to a life ‘alone’ in old age: the influence of losses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69(2): 394–403.10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06018.x22524167Search in Google Scholar

KRIŽAN, F., BILKOVÁ, K., KUNC, J., MADAJOVÁ, M. S., ZEMAN, M., KITA, P., BARLÍK, P. (2018): From school benches straight to retirement? Similarities and differences in the shopping behaviour of teenagers and seniors in Bratislava, Slovakia. Moravian Geographical Reports, 26(3): 199–209.10.2478/mgr-2018-0016Search in Google Scholar

KWAN, M. P. (2004). GIS methods in time geography research: geocomputation and geovisualization of human activity patterns. Geografiska Annaler B, 86 (4): 267–280.10.1111/j.0435-3684.2004.00167.xSearch in Google Scholar

KWAN, M. P., LEE, J. (2004): Geovisualization of human activity patterns using 3D GIS: a time-geographic approach. In: Goodchild, M. F., Janelle, D. G. [eds.]: Spatially integrated social science (pp. 48–66). Oxford, Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar

LAGER, D., VAN HOVEN, B., HUIGEN, P. P. (2015): Understanding older adults’ social capital in place: Obstacles to and opportunities for social contacts in the neighbourhood. Geoforum, 59: 87–97.10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.12.009Search in Google Scholar

LAGER, D., VAN HOVEN, B., HUIGEN, P. P. (2016): Rhythms, ageing and neighbourhoods. Environment and Planning A, 48(8): 1565–1580.10.1177/0308518X16643962Search in Google Scholar

LEE, J. Y., KWAN, M. P. (2011): Visualisation of socio-spatial isolation based on human activity patterns and social networks in space_time. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 102(4): 468–485.10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00649.xSearch in Google Scholar

LEE, S. P. (2014): The rhythm of ageing amongst Chinese elders in sheltered housing. Ageing & Society 34(9): 1505–1524.10.1017/S0144686X13000287Search in Google Scholar

LEE, S. (2020): Loneliness among older adults in the Czech Republic: a socio-demographic and psychosocial profile. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 90: 104068.10.1016/j.archger.2020.10406832480214Search in Google Scholar

PAIVA, D. (2016): Collapsed rhythms: The impact of urban change in the everyday life of elders. Space and Culture, 19(4): 345–360.10.1177/1206331215620095Search in Google Scholar

LENNTORP, B. (1999): Time-geography – at the end of its beginning. GeoJournal 48(3): 155–158.10.1023/A:1007067322523Search in Google Scholar

LEONARDI, C., MENNECOZZI, C., NOT, E., PIANESI, F., ZANCANARO, M., GENNAI, F., CRISTOFORETTI, A. (2009): Knocking on elders’ door: investigating the functional and emotional geography of their domestic space. In: Greenberg, S., et al. [eds.]: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1703–1712). New York, ACM.10.1145/1518701.1518963Search in Google Scholar

LUO, Y., HAWKLEY, L. C., WAITE, L. J., CACIOPPO, J. T. (2012): Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: A national longitudinal study. Social science & medicine, 74(6): 907–914.10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.028330319022326307Search in Google Scholar

MCQUOID, J., DIJST, M. (2012): Bringing emotions to time geography: The case of mobilities of poverty. Journal of Transport Geography, 23: 26–34.10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.03.019Search in Google Scholar

MULÍČEK, O., STACHOŇ, Z. (2019): Technologies and the representations of activity spaces of older adults. Geografiska Annaler B, 101(4): 307–321.10.1080/04353684.2019.1667259Search in Google Scholar

MUNNICHS, J. M. (1964): Loneliness, isolation and social relations in old age: a pilot survey. Vita Humana, 7(3/4): 228–238.10.1159/000270117Search in Google Scholar

NEWALL, N. E., MENEC, V. H. (2019): Loneliness and social isolation of older adults: Why it is important to examine these social aspects together. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(3): 925–939.10.1177/0265407517749045Search in Google Scholar

NEVES, B. B., SANDERS, A., KOKANOVIĆ, R. (2019): “It’s the worst bloody feeling in the world”: Experiences of loneliness and social isolation among older people living in care homes. Journal of Ageing Studies, 49: 74–84.10.1016/j.jaging.2019.10078531229221Search in Google Scholar

NORDBAKKE, S. (2013): Capabilities for mobility among urban older women: barriers, strategies and options. Journal of Transport Geography, 26: 166–174.10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.10.003Search in Google Scholar

NORDBAKKE, S., SCHWANEN, T. (2014): Well-being and mobility: A theoretical framework and literature review focusing on older people. Mobilities, 9(1): 104–129.10.1080/17450101.2013.784542Search in Google Scholar

OECD (2020): Pension systems [online]. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/els/public-pensions/Search in Google Scholar

OHMORI, N., MUROMACHI, Y., HARATA, N., OHTA, K. (1999): A study on accessibility and going-out behavior of aged people considering daily activity pattern. Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 3(5): 139–153.Search in Google Scholar

OSMAN, R., POSPÍŠILOVÁ, L. (2019): Geografie “okrajem”: Každodenní časoprostorové zkušenosti. Praha, KarolinumSearch in Google Scholar

PAIVA, D. (2013): A Time-space Perspective on the Everyday Life of the Elderly. In: 3^rd International Workshop on the Socio-economics of Ageing, Conference Proceedings [CD-ROM].Search in Google Scholar

PENNING, M. J., LIU, G., CHOU, P. H. B. (2014): Measuring loneliness among middle-aged and older adults: the UCLA and de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scales. Social Indicators Research, 118(3): 1147–1166.10.1007/s11205-013-0461-1Search in Google Scholar

PERISSINOTTO, C. M., CENZER, I. S., COVINSKY, K. E. (2012): Loneliness in older persons: a predictor of functional decline and death. Archives of internal medicine, 172(14): 1078–1084.10.1001/archinternmed.2012.1993438376222710744Search in Google Scholar

PETERS, D. (2013): Gender and sustainable urban mobility. Kenya, Nairobi: UN Habitat.Search in Google Scholar

QUINN, B. (2010): Care-givers, leisure and meanings of home: a case study of low income women in Dublin. Gender, Place and Culture, 17(6): 759–774.10.1080/0966369X.2010.517025Search in Google Scholar

PINQUART, M., SORENSEN, S. (2001): Influences on loneliness in older adults: A meta-analysis. Basic and applied social psychology, 23(4): 245–266.10.1207/S15324834BASP2304_2Search in Google Scholar

RANTANEN, T., PORTEGIJS, E., KOKKO, K., RANTAKOKKO, M., TÖRMÄKANGAS, T., SAAJANAHO, M. (2019): Developing an assessment method of active ageing: University of Jyvaskyla active ageing scale. Journal of Ageing and Health, 31(6): 1002–1024.10.1177/0898264317750449657258729291660Search in Google Scholar

RUSSELL, D. (1996): UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66: 20–40.10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_28576833Search in Google Scholar

SCHWANEN, T., KWAN, M. P. (2008): The internet, mobile phone and space-time constraints. Geoforum 39(3): 1362–1377.10.1016/j.geoforum.2007.11.005Search in Google Scholar

SCHWANEN, T., HARDILL, I., LUCAS, S. (2012): Spatialities of ageing: The co-construction and co-evolution of old age and space. Geoforum, 43(6): 1291–1295.10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.07.002Search in Google Scholar

SHOVAL, N., WAHL, H. W., AUSLANDER, G., ISAACSON, M., OSWALD, F., EDRY, T., LANDAU, R., HEINIK, J. (2011): Use of the global positioning system to measure the out-of-home mobility of older adults with differing cognitive functioning. Ageing & Society, 31(5): 849–869.10.1017/S0144686X10001455Search in Google Scholar

SIREN, A., HJORTHOL, R., LEVIN, L. (2015): Different types of out-of-home activities and well-being amongst urban residing old persons with mobility impediments. Journal of Transport & Health, 2(1): 14–21.10.1016/j.jth.2014.11.004Search in Google Scholar

SKINNER, M. W., CLOUTIER, D., ANDREWS, G. J. (2015): Geographies of ageing: Progress and possibilities after two decades of change. Progress in Human Geography, 39(6): 776–799.10.1177/0309132514558444Search in Google Scholar

STJERNBORG, V., WRETSTRAND, A., TESFAHUNEY, M. (2015): Everyday life mobilities of older persons–a case study of ageing in a suburban landscape in Sweden. Mobilities, 10(3): 383–401.10.1080/17450101.2013.874836Search in Google Scholar

SUNDLING, C. (2015): Travel behavior change in older travelers: Understanding critical reactions to incidents encountered in public transport. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(11): 14741–14763.10.3390/ijerph121114741466167726593935Search in Google Scholar

TABER, K. S. (2018): The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6): 1273–1296.10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2Search in Google Scholar

TIMMERMANS, H., ARENTZE, T., JOH, C. H. (2002): Analysing space-time behaviour: new approaches to old problems. Progress in Human Geography 26(2): 175–190.10.1191/0309132502ph363raSearch in Google Scholar

TOMSTAD, S., DALE, B., SUNDSLI, K., SÆVAREID, H. I., SÖDERHAMN, U. (2017): Who often feels lonely? A cross-sectional study about loneliness and its related factors among older home-dwelling people. International journal of older people nursing, 12(4): e12162.10.1111/opn.1216228752653Search in Google Scholar

VAN DEN BERG, P., ARENTZE, T., TIMMERMANS, H. (2011): Estimating social travel demand of senior citizens in the Netherlands. Journal of Transport Geography, 19(2): 323–331.10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.03.018Search in Google Scholar

VIDOVIĆOVÁ, L., PETROVÁ KAFKOVÁ, M. (2012): Aktivity seniorů ve velkých městech: zdraví, prostor a subjektivní kvalita života. Sociologický časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 48(5): 939–964.10.13060/00380288.2012.48.5.06Search in Google Scholar

VILHELMSON, B. (1999): Daily mobility and the use of time for different activities. The case of Sweden. GeoJournal 48(3): 177–185.10.1023/A:1007075524340Search in Google Scholar

VINE, D., BUYS, L., AIRD, R. (2012): The use of amenities in high density neighbourhoods by older urban Australian residents. Landscape and Urban Planning, 107(2): 159–171.10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.05.013Search in Google Scholar

WARNES, A. M. (1981): Towards a geographical contribution to gerontology. Progress in Human Geography, 5(3): 317–341.10.1177/030913258100500301Search in Google Scholar

WOODFORD-WILLIAMS, E. (1966): Age and Loneliness. British Medical Journal, 2(5529): 1585.10.1136/bmj.2.5529.1585Search in Google Scholar

WU, B. (2020): Social isolation and loneliness among older adults in the context of COVID-19: a global challenge. Global Health Research and Policy, 5(1): 1–3.10.1186/s41256-020-00154-3727223432514427Search in Google Scholar

YANTZI, N. M., ROSENBERG, M. W. (2008): The contested meanings of home for women caring for children with long-term care needs in Ontario, Canada. Gender, Place and Culture, 15(3): 301–315.10.1080/09663690801996320Search in Google Scholar

ZAVALETA, D., SAMUEL, K., MILLS, C. (2014): Social isolation: A conceptual and measurement proposal. OPHI Working Papers 67. Oxford, University of Oxford.10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii029Search in Google Scholar