Giardia duodenalis in faecal samples from calves in Poland

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Association of Giardia prevalence with animal production system

Production purpose	Animals tested (n)	PCR+ animals (n (%))	Assemblage (n)			Unidentified
			A	B	E
Dairy	1,063	111 (10.4)	13	2	92	4
dairy/beef	228	27 (11.8)	-	1	24	2
Beef	281	32 (11.3)	2	-	28	2
Total	1,572	170 (10.8)	15	3	144	8

Occurrence of Giardia duodenalis in individual breeds of Polish cattle

Cattle breed	Animals tested (n)	PCR+		Assemblage (n (%))			Unidentified (n)
		Number	%	A	B	E
HO	944	93	9.9	10 (11.0)	1 (1.1)	80 (87.9)	2
MB	142	22	15.5	-	-	17 (100)	5
ZB	99	13	13.1	1 (7.7)	1 (7.7)	11 (84.6)	-
SM	87	9	10.3	2 (22.2)	-	7 (77.8)	-
RW	69	7	10.1	-	-	6 (100)	1
LM	37	6	16.2	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	4 (66.7)	-
MO	11	1	9.1	-	-	1 (100)	-
MS	8	0	0.0	-	-	-	-
CH	8	0	0.0	-	-	-	-
RP	7	0	0.0	-	-	-	-
HF×	40	1	2.5	-	-	1 (100)	-
BB, BS, JE	6	1	16.7	-	-	1 (100)	-
Others (No data)	143	21	14.7	1 (4.7)		20 (95.3)	-
Total	1,601	174	10.9	15 (9.0)	3 (1.8)	148 (89.2)	8

Voivodeship distribution of Giardia duodenalis DNA in cattle in Poland

Voivodeship	Animals tested (n)	PCR+ animals (n)	Prevalence (%)	Giardia duodenalis assemblage (n (%))
				A	B	E
LS	108	9	8.3	1 (11.1)	-	8 (88.9)
PM	108	7	6.5	1 (14.3)	-	6 (85.7)
ZP	108	22	20.4	1 (4.8)	-	20(95.2)
OP	72	4	5.6	1 (33.3)	-	2 (66.7)
DŚ	90	0	0	-	-	-
ŚL	72	7	9.7	1 (25.0)	-	3 (75.0)
PK	72	3	4.2	1 (33.3)	-	2 (66.7)
ŚK	108	7	6.5	-	-	7 (100)
ŁD	108	7	6.5	-	1 (14.3)	6 (85.7)
MP	108	15	13.9	-	1 (6.7)	14 (93.3)
LB	108	27	25.0	5 (20.0)	-	20 (80.0)
MZ	108	23	21.3	1 (4.3)	-	22 (95.7)
PD	108	14	13.0	2 (15.4)	1 (7.7)	10 (76.9)
WP	108	14	13.0	-	-	14 (100)
WM	108	6	5.6	1 (16.7)	-	5 (83.3)
KP	108	9	8.3	-	-	9 (100)
Total	1,602	174	10.9	15 (9.0)	3 (1.8)	148 (89.2)

Association of Giardia duodenalis prevalence in young Polish calves with age

Age (weeks)	Animals tested (n)	Number of PCR+ animals (%)
1–3	251	30 (12.0)
4–6	412	62 (15.0)
7–9	330	35 (10.6)
≥10	575	46 (8.0)
Total	1,568	173 (11.0)