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Morphological and molecular characterisation of the nematode parasite Graphidioides affinis (Secernentea: Trichostrongylidae) in Patagonian maras, Dolichotis patagonum, kept in a zoo in Sofia, Bulgaria

Mariana Panayotova-Pencheva

Mariana Panayotova-Pencheva

Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofia, Bulgaria
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Panayotova-Pencheva, Mariana
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Zdzisław Laskowski

Zdzisław Laskowski

Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw, Poland
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Laskowski, Zdzisław
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Anna Maria Pyziel

Anna Maria Pyziel

Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw, Poland
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Pyziel, Anna Maria
  
09 août 2024
Morphological and molecular characterisation of the nematode parasite Graphidioides affinis (Secernentea: Trichostrongylidae) in Patagonian maras, Dolichotis patagonum, kept in a zoo in Sofia, Bulgaria's Cover Image
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Publié en ligne: 09 août 2024
Pages: 363 - 371
Reçu: 08 janv. 2024
Accepté: 01 août 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0045
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© 2024 M. Panayotova-Pencheva et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1.

An egg of Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria
An egg of Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria

Fig. 2.

Graphidioides affinis adult worm found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – anterior end, papillae around the oral opening (arrows); b – cuticular striations on the body; c – oesophagus
Graphidioides affinis adult worm found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – anterior end, papillae around the oral opening (arrows); b – cuticular striations on the body; c – oesophagus

Fig. 3.

Posterior body end of male Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – common view; b – 1- pre-bursal papillae, 2 - anteroventral ray of copulatory bursa, 3 - posteroventral ray of copulatory bursa; c – copulatory bursa, 1 – anterolateral ray, 2 – mediolateral ray, 3 – posterolateral ray, 4 – exterodorsal ray; d – dorsal ray of copulatory bursa (arrow)
Posterior body end of male Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – common view; b – 1- pre-bursal papillae, 2 - anteroventral ray of copulatory bursa, 3 - posteroventral ray of copulatory bursa; c – copulatory bursa, 1 – anterolateral ray, 2 – mediolateral ray, 3 – posterolateral ray, 4 – exterodorsal ray; d – dorsal ray of copulatory bursa (arrow)

Fig. 4.

Spicules of Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – proximal parts; b – distal parts
Spicules of Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – proximal parts; b – distal parts

Fig. 5.

Female Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – ovijector; b and c – vulva; d – posterior end; anus (arrow)
Female Graphidioides affinis found in the faeces of Dolichotis patagonum from the Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria; a – ovijector; b and c – vulva; d – posterior end; anus (arrow)

Fig. 6.

Phylogenetic tree of parasitic nematodes based on SSU rDNA partial sequences, constructed with the use of Bayesian inference analysis using MrBayes version 3.2.0. The general time-reversible model with estimates of invariant sites and gamma-distributed among-site variation model was chosen based on jModelTest version 2.1.4 using the Akaike information criterion. The analysis was run for 2,000,000 generations
Phylogenetic tree of parasitic nematodes based on SSU rDNA partial sequences, constructed with the use of Bayesian inference analysis using MrBayes version 3.2.0. The general time-reversible model with estimates of invariant sites and gamma-distributed among-site variation model was chosen based on jModelTest version 2.1.4 using the Akaike information criterion. The analysis was run for 2,000,000 generations

Fig. 7.

Phylogenetic tree of parasitic nematodes based on ITS2 partial sequences, constructed with the use of Bayesian inference analysis using MrBayes version 3.2.0. The gamma-distributed among-site variation model was chosen based on jModelTest version 2.1.4 using the Akaike information criterion. The analysis was run for 2,000,000 generations. Bold indicates isolates examined in the present investigation
Phylogenetic tree of parasitic nematodes based on ITS2 partial sequences, constructed with the use of Bayesian inference analysis using MrBayes version 3.2.0. The gamma-distributed among-site variation model was chosen based on jModelTest version 2.1.4 using the Akaike information criterion. The analysis was run for 2,000,000 generations. Bold indicates isolates examined in the present investigation

List of taxa included in the molecular analysis of Graphidioides affinis using sequence data of the SSU rDNA

GenBank accession no. Species Host Location
AY268117.1 Caenorhabditis elegans Not applicable USA
AJ920341.1 Chabertia ovina Ovis aries Canada
AJ920350.1 Trichostrongylus colubriformis Ovis aries Canada
AJ920359.1 Tetrabothriostrongylus mackerrasae Antechinus stuartii Canada
EU086374.1 Haemonchus contortus Giraffa camelopardalis USA/Lion Country Safari/region of origin: Africa
L04152.1 H. similis Not provided USA
OP288108.1 Globocephalus urosubulatus Sus scrofa Brazil
AY295811.1 Necator americanus Homo sapiens Guatemala
DQ094176.1 Strongylus equinus Not provided Great Britan
AJ920342.1 Cylicocyclus insignis Equus caballus Canada
LC415112.1 Oesophagostomum muntiacum Muntiacus reevesi Japan
AJ920340.1 Cyclodontostomum purvisi Rattus sordidus Canada
OP288110.1 Stephanurus dentatus Sus scrofa Brazil
MN218457.1 Uncinaria stenocephala Canis latrans Canada
AJ920351.1 Ostertagia leptospicularis Bos taurus Canada
AJ920352.1 Ostertagia ostertagi Bos taurus Canada
AY295820.1 Troglostrongylus wilsoni Lynx rufus USA
KC771250.1 Dictyocaulus viviparus bisontis Bison bonasus Poland
KM374671.1 Dictyocaulus cervi Cervus elaphus Poland
MH756629.1 Dictyocaulus skrjabini Cervus elaphus Poland
MH688454.1 Lamanema chavezi Lama lama Germany/region of origin: South America
JX877671.1 Travassostrongylus orloffi Didelphis marsupialis Mexico
JX877677.1 Travassostrongylus callis Didelphis marsupialis Panama
AJ920355.1 Heligmosomoides polygyrus Mus musculus Canada
JX877678.1 Carolinensis perezponcedeleoni Nyctomys sumichrasti USA
JX877672.1 Vexillata convoluta Cratogeomys merriami Mexico
AJ920360.1 Nematodirus battus Ovis aries Canada
OR611714.1 Graphidioides affinis Dolichotis patagonum Bulgaria/Sofia Zoo/region of origin: South America
OR611716.1 Graphidioides affinis Dolichotis patagonum Bulgaria/Sofia Zoo/region of origin: south America

List of taxa included in the molecular analysis of Graphidioides affinis using sequence data of ITS2 rDNA

GenBank accession no. Species Host Location
KF765464.1 Heligmosomoides polygyrus Apodemus sylvaticus Norway
MH688454.1 Lamanema chavezi Lama lama Germany/region of origin: South America
Y10789.1 Chabertia ovina Ovis aries Australia
LC415112.1 Oesophagostomum muntiacum Muntiacus reevesi Japan
OQ773550.1 Uncinaria stenocephala Ursus arctos Turkey
OR353426.1 Graphidioides affinis Dolichotis patagonum Bulgaria/Sofia Zoo/region of origin: South America
AF194138.1 Nematodirus battus Not provided UK
KX358861.1 Cooperia oncophora Bison bonasus caucasicus Sweden/Avesta Visentpark
KX358862.1 Ostertagia ostertagi Bison bonasus caucasicus Sweden/Avesta Visentpark
X86025.1 O. leptospicularis Bos taurus
KX358860.1 Haemonchus contortus Bison bonasus caucasicus Sweden/Avesta Visentpark
AJ577460.1 Spiculopteragia boehmi Not provided France

Comparative morphometry of Graphidioides affinis nematodes in materials from Patagonian maras (Dolichotis patagonum) investigated in different studies

Origin / References
Parameter Sofia Zoo, Bulgaria (Present data) Argentina (1) London Zoo, UK (7) Barcelona Zoo Spain (5)
Range Mean ± SD
Adult male nematodes (n = 7) Body length (cm) 1–2 1.5 ± 0.35 0.9–1.7 1.1 1.1–1.3
Body width at the end of the oesophagus (μm) 130–155 144 ± 8.97 - - -
Maximum body width (μm) 250–340 291.67 ± 32.5 300 350 350
Oesophagus length (μm) 505–558 537.6 ± 21.18 - 650 -
Maximum oesophagus width (μm) 82–95 89 ± 5.79 - - -
Spicule length (μm) 1,930–2,700 2365 ± 266.08 2,800 3,400 2,400–2,700
Gubernaculum length (μm) 159–172 167.29 ± 4.61 150 120 60
Gubernaculum width (μm) 48–57 52.29 ± 3.86 80 75 68
Adult female nematodes (n = 7) Body length (cm) 1.4–2.4 1.7 ± 0.33 1.6–2.1 2.1 2–2.5
Body width at the end of the oesophagus (μm) 185–244 207 ± 19.86 - - -
Maximum body width (μm) 260–440 360 ± 72.34 500 700 750
Oesophagus length 609–714 642 ± 37.22 - 650 -
Maximum oesophagus width (μm) 97–124 114 ± 10.46 - - -
Ovijector total length (μm) 1110–1448 1,230 ± 117.41 1,200 1,525 -
Vulva-tail tip distance (mm) 4.8–6.0 5 ± 0.48 6 5.5 -
Anus-tail tip distance (μm) 321–442 355 ± 40.54 500 - -
Length of eggs in the uterus (μm) 107–171 133 ± 26.02 140 135 -
Width of eggs in the uterus (μm) 60–94 75 ± 11.25 75 75 -
Langue:
Anglais
Périodicité:
4 fois par an
Sujets de la revue:
Sciences de la vie, Biologie moléculaire, Microbiologie et virologie, Sciences de la vie, autres, Médecine, Médecine vétérinaire
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