This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Beales K.A., Betteridge K., Colegate S.M., Edgar J.A.: Solid-phase extraction and LC-MS analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honeys. J Agric Food Chem 2004, 52, 6664–6672.BealesK.A.BetteridgeK.ColegateS.M.EdgarJ.A.Solid-phase extraction and LC-MS analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honeys2004526664–667210.1021/jf049102p15479038Search in Google Scholar
Betteridge K., Cao Y., Colegate S.M.: Improved method for extraction and LC-MS analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides in honey: application to Echium vulgare honeys. J Agric Food Chem 2005, 53, 1894–1902.BetteridgeK.CaoY.ColegateS.M.Improved method for extraction and LC-MS analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides in honey: application to Echium vulgare honeys2005531894–190210.1021/jf048095215769110Search in Google Scholar
Bodi D., Ronczka S., Gottschalk C., Behr N., Skibba A., Wagner M., Lahrssen-Wiederholt M., Preiss-Weigert A., These A.: Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs, and honey. Food Addit Contam Part A 2014, 31, 1886–1895.BodiD.RonczkaS.GottschalkC.BehrN.SkibbaA.WagnerM.Lahrssen-WiederholtM.Preiss-WeigertA.TheseA.Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs, and honey2014311886–189510.1080/19440049.2014.96433725222912Search in Google Scholar
Boppré M.: The ecological context of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food, feed, and forage: an overview. Food Addit Contam Part A 2011, 28, 260–281.BoppréM.The ecological context of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food, feed, and forage: an overview201128260–28110.1080/19440049.2011.55508521360373Search in Google Scholar
Boppré M., Colegate S.M., Edgar J.A.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids of Echium vulgare honey found in pure pollen. J Agric Food Chem 2005, 53, 594–600.BoppréM.ColegateS.M.EdgarJ.A.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids of Echium vulgare honey found in pure pollen200553594–60010.1021/jf048453115686407Search in Google Scholar
Chung S.W.C., Lam A.C.H.: Investigation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids including their respective N-oxides in selected food products available in Hong Kong by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Food Add Contam Part A 2017, 34, 1184–1192.ChungS.W.C.LamA.C.H.Investigation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids including their respective N-oxides in selected food products available in Hong Kong by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry2017341184–119210.1080/19440049.2017.131957928406050Search in Google Scholar
Cramer L., Beuerle T.: Detection and quantification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in antibacterial medical honeys. Planta Med 2012, 78, 1976–1982.CramerL.BeuerleT.Detection and quantification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in antibacterial medical honeys2012781976–198210.1055/s-0032-132790023161425Search in Google Scholar
Dübecke A., Beckh G., Lüllmann C.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey and bee pollen. Food Addit Contam Part A 2011, 28, 348–358.DübeckeA.BeckhG.LüllmannC.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey and bee pollen201128348–35810.1080/19440049.2010.54159421360377Search in Google Scholar
Edgar J.A., Colegate S.M., Boppre M., Molyneux R.J.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food: a spectrum of potential health consequences. Food Addit Contam Part A 2011, 28, 308–324.EdgarJ.A.ColegateS.M.BoppreM.MolyneuxR.J.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food: a spectrum of potential health consequences201128308–32410.1080/19440049.2010.54752021360376Search in Google Scholar
Edgar J.A., Molyneux R.J., Colegate S.M.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: potential role in the etiology of cancers, pulmonary hypertension, congenital anomalies, and liver disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2015, 28, 4–20.EdgarJ.A.MolyneuxR.J.ColegateS.M.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: potential role in the etiology of cancers, pulmonary hypertension, congenital anomalies, and liver disease2015284–2010.1021/tx500403t25483859Search in Google Scholar
Edgar J.A., Roeder E., Molyneaux R.J.: Honey from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids: a potential threat to health. J Agric Food Chem 2002, 50, 2719–2730.EdgarJ.A.RoederE.MolyneauxR.J.Honey from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids: a potential threat to health2002502719–273010.1021/jf011448211982390Search in Google Scholar
El Hawari K., Mokh S., Doumyati S., Al Iskandarani M., Verdon E.: Development and validation of a multiclass method for the determination of antibiotic residues in honey using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Add Contam Part A 2017, 34, 582–597.ElHawari K.MokhS.DoumyatiS.AlIskandarani M.VerdonE.Development and validation of a multiclass method for the determination of antibiotic residues in honey using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry201734582–59710.1080/19440049.2016.123249127601204Search in Google Scholar
European Food Safety Authority, EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Scientific opinion on pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and feed. EFSA J 2011, 9, 2406, 1–134.European Food Safety Authority, EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Scientific opinion on pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and feed2011924061–13410.2903/j.efsa.2011.2406Search in Google Scholar
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Dietary exposure assessment to pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the European population. EFSA J 2016, 14, 4572, 1–50.European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)Dietary exposure assessment to pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the European population20161445721–5010.2903/j.efsa.2016.4572Search in Google Scholar
European Food Safety Authority, EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Risks for human health related to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey, tea, herbal infusions and food supplements. EFSA J 2017, 15, 4908, 1–34.European Food Safety Authority, EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Risks for human health related to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey, tea, herbal infusions and food supplements20171549081–3410.2903/j.efsa.2017.4908701008332625569Search in Google Scholar
European Food Safety Authority. Summary report of the standing committee on the food chain and animal health, held in Brussels on 11 July 2012, section toxicological safety of the food chain. 2012, http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/2406.pdf.European Food Safety AuthoritySummary report of the standing committee on the food chain and animal health, held in Brussels on 11 July 20122012http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/2406.pdf.Search in Google Scholar
Griffin C.T., Danaher M., Elliott C.T., Kennedy D.G., Furey A.: Detection of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in commercial honey using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2013, 136, 1577–1583.GriffinC.T.DanaherM.ElliottC.T.KennedyD.G.FureyA.Detection of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in commercial honey using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry20131361577–158310.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.11223194565Search in Google Scholar
Griffin C.T., O’Mahony J., Danaher M., Furey A.: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry detection of targeted pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honeys purchased within Ireland. Food Anal Methods 2015, 8, 18–31.GriffinC.T.O’MahonyJ.DanaherM.FureyA.Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry detection of targeted pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honeys purchased within Ireland2015818–3110.1007/s12161-014-9855-1Search in Google Scholar
Huybrechts B., Callebaut A.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and feed on the Belgian market. Food Addit Contam Part A 2015, 32, 1939–1951.HuybrechtsB.CallebautA.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and feed on the Belgian market2015321939–195110.1080/19440049.2015.108682126373269Search in Google Scholar
Kempf M., Beuerle T., Bühringer M., Denner M., Trost D., von der Ohe K., Bhavanam V.B.R., Schreier P.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey: Risk analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008, 52, 1193–1200.KempfM.BeuerleT.BühringerM.DennerM.TrostD.vonder Ohe K.Bhavanam V.B.R., Schreier PPyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey: Risk analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry2008521193–120010.1002/mnfr.20080005118792927Search in Google Scholar
Kowalczyk E., Sieradzki Z., Kwiatek K.: Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey with sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Food Anal Methods 2018, 11, 1345–1355.KowalczykE.SieradzkiZ.KwiatekK.Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey with sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method2018111345–135510.1007/s12161-017-1115-8Search in Google Scholar
Lucatello L., Merlanti R., Rossi A., Montesissa C., Capolongo F.: Evaluation of some pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey samples from the Veneto Region (Italy) by LC-MS/MS. Food Anal Methods 2016, 9, 1825–1836.LucatelloL.MerlantiR.RossiA.MontesissaC.CapolongoF.Evaluation of some pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey samples from the Veneto Region (Italy) by LC-MS/MS201691825–183610.1007/s12161-015-0364-7Search in Google Scholar
Lucchetti M., Glauser G., Kilchenmann V., Dübecke A., Beckh G., Praz C., Kast C.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Echium vulgare in honey originate primarily from floral nectar. J Agric Food Chem 2016, 64, 5267–5273.LucchettiM.GlauserG.KilchenmannV.DübeckeA.BeckhG.PrazC.KastC.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Echium vulgare in honey originate primarily from floral nectar2016645267–527310.1021/acs.jafc.6b0232027244472Search in Google Scholar
Martinello M., Borin A., Stella R., Bovo D., Biancotto G., Gallina A., Mutinelli F.: Development and validation of a QuEChERS method coupled to liquid chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry to determine pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids in honey. Food Chem 2017, 234, 295–302.MartinelloM.BorinA.StellaR.BovoD.BiancottoG.GallinaA.MutinelliF.Development and validation of a QuEChERS method coupled to liquid chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry to determine pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids in honey2017234295–30210.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.18628551239Search in Google Scholar
Martinello M., Cristofoli C., Gallina A., Mutinelli F.: Easy and rapid method for the quantitative determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: An evaluation in commercial honey. Food Control 2014, 37, 146–152.MartinelloM.CristofoliC.GallinaA.MutinelliF.Easy and rapid method for the quantitative determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: An evaluation in commercial honey201437146–15210.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.037Search in Google Scholar
Mulder P.P.J., López Sánchez P., These A., Preiss-Weigert A., Castellari M.: Occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food 2015, EFSA:EN–859.MulderP.P.J.LópezSánchez P.TheseA.Preiss-WeigertA.CastellariM.10.2903/sp.efsa.2015.EN-859Search in Google Scholar
Mulder P.P.J., de Witte S.L., Stoopen G.M., van der Meulen J., van Wikselaar P.G., Gruys E., Groot M.J., Hoogenboom R.L. Transfer of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from various herbs to eggs and meat in laying hens. Food Addit Contam Part A 2016, 33, 1826–1839.MulderP.P.J.deWitte S.L.StoopenG.M.vander Meulen J.vanWikselaar P.G.GruysE.Groot M.J., Hoogenboom R.L. Transfer of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from various herbs to eggs and meat in laying hens2016331826–183910.1080/19440049.2016.124143027762672Search in Google Scholar
Orantes-Bermejo F.J., Serra Bonvehíb J., Gómez-Pajueloc A., Megíasa M., Torresa C.: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: their occurrence in Spanish honey collected from purple viper’s bugloss Echiumspp). Food Addit Contam Part A 2013, 30, 1799–1806.Orantes-BermejoF.J.SerraBonvehíb J.Gómez-PajuelocA.MegíasaM.TorresaC.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: their occurrence in Spanish honey collected from purple viper’s bugloss Echiumspp)2013301799–180610.1080/19440049.2013.81768623886433Search in Google Scholar
SANTE/11945/2015 Guidance document on analytical quality control and method validation procedures for pesticides residues analysis in food and feed. Supersedes SANCO/12571/2013, Implemented by 01/01/2016, 1–42.1–42Search in Google Scholar
Statistical manual of AOAC – Association of official analytical chemistry, Edited by Youden W.J., Steiner E.H., Washington 1975, p. 88.Edited by Youden W.J., Steiner E.HWashington1975p88Search in Google Scholar