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Figure 1
Map of selected localities: (A) control meadows situated 3.6 km before pollution source; (B) meadow near waste sedimentation pond; (C) meadow near the heap of mine waste situated 680 m from (B); and (D) meadows near old bakery mill situated 3.7 km from (B) and (E) meadow close to village Jince situated 13.3 km from the pollution source.
Figure 2
RDA biplot of prevailing nematode genera and heavy metals contents in the five alluvial meadows along the Litavka River in the vicinity of the Příbram mine pollution sources. (A) a control meadow 3.6 km upstream of the source of pollution; (B) meadow near waste sedimentation pond; (C) meadow near the heap of mine waste situated 680 m from (B); and (D) meadows near old bakery mill situated 3.7 km from (B) and (E) meadow close to village Jince situated 13.3 km from the pollution source. Amplimer = Amplimerlinius; Acrobelo = Acrobeloides; Aphelench = Aphelenchoides; Aporcela = Aporcelaimellus; Crassolb = Crassolabium; Criconem = Criconemoides; Dipttherp = Diptherophora; Eucephal = Eucephalobus; Eudoryla = Eudorylaimus; Eumonhys = Eumonhystera; Helicotl = Helicotylenchus; Hemicycl = Hemicycliophora; Heterocp = Heterocephalobus; Mesodorl = Mesodorylaimus; Mesorhab = Mesorhabditis; Paratyln = Paratylenchus; Pratylech = Pratylenchoides; Prismatl = Primatolaimus; Teratocep = Teratocepahlobus; Trichodr = Trichodorus; Tylenchr = Tylenchorhynchus. RDA, redundancy analysis.
Figure 3
Plots of enrichment vs. structure indices associated with investigated alluvial meadows along the Litavka River contaminated by heavy metals in the vicinity of the Příbram mine pollution sources. A – control; (B) meadow near waste sedimentation pond; (C) meadow near the heap of mine waste situated 680 m from (B); and (D) meadows near old bakery mill situated 3.7 km from (B) and (E) meadow close to village Jince situated 13.3 km from the pollution source.
Figure 4
Functional metabolic footprints of nematode associated with investigated alluvial meadows along the Litavka River contaminated by heavy metals in the vicinity of the Příbram mine pollution sources. The vertical axis of each footprint represents the enrichment footprint and the horizontal axis represents the structural footprint. The x-axis coordinates of the metabolic footprint are calculated as SI – 0.5Fs/k and SI + 0.5Fs/k, where Fs is the sum of standardized C utilization by structure indicator taxa. The y-axis coordinates are calculated as EI – 0.5Fe/k and EI + 0.5 Fe/k, where Fe is the sum of standardized C utilization by enrichment indicator taxa. The functional metabolic footprint is depicted by sequentially joining points: SI – 0.5 Fs/k, EI; SI, EI + 0.5 Fe/k; SI + 0.5 Fs/k, EI; SI, EI – 0.5 Fe/k; and SI – 0.5 Fs/k, EI. A – control; (B) meadow near waste sedimentation pond; (C) meadow near the heap of mine waste situated 680 m from (B); and (D) meadows near old bakery mill situated 3.7 km from (B) and (E) meadow close to village Jince situated 13.3 km from the pollution source.
Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between soil physico-chemical properties, heavy metals, and nematode parameters in the alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River.
As
Cd
Cr
Cu
Ni
Pb
Zn
pH/KCl
Ntot
Cox
SM
Abundance
Ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.862**
−0.748**
−0.659**
ns
ns
ns
No. genera
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.451*
ns
ns
ns
ns
Ba1
−0.524*
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.599*
−0.482*
ns
ns
ns
ns
Ba2
−0.633**
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.826**
−0.859**
0.467*
0.561*
ns
ns
Ba3
−0.489*
ns
ns
ns
0.442*
−0.631**
−0.745**
ns
ns
ns
0.412*
Ba4
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.455*
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
P3
−0.583*
ns
−0.409*
−0.460*
ns
−0.741**
−0.692**
ns
ns
ns
ns
P4
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.423*
ns
ns
ns
ns
P5
ns
ns
ns
−0.559*
ns
−0.699**
−0.711**
ns
ns
ns
0.431*
Fu2
−0.507*
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.853**
−0.626**
−0.492*
ns
ns
ns
Fu3
ns
ns
ns
ns
0.455*
ns
ns
−0.522*
ns
ns
ns
Fu4
−0.625**
ns
ns
−0.474*
ns
−0.769**
−0.834**
−0.439*
ns
ns
ns
Om3
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Om4
−0.569*
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.845**
−0.869**
ns
−0.422*
ns
ns
Om5
−0.725**
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.766**
−0.683**
−0.426*
−0.445*
ns
ns
Pp2
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.432*
−0.457*
ns
ns
ns
ns
Pp3
ns
ns
ns
0.466*
0.529*
ns
0.513*
ns
ns
ns
0.436*
Pp4
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Pp5
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
H´spp
ns
ns
ns
−0.425*
ns
−0.722**
−0.634**
ns
ns
ns
ns
MI
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.584**
−0.605**
0.433*
ns
ns
ns
MI (2–5)
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.552*
ns
ns
ns
ns
PPI
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
CI
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
EI
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.439*
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
SI
−0.548*
ns
ns
ns
ns
−0.658**
−0.742**
ns
ns
ns
ns
Mean (±SD) abundance of nematode trophic groups and functional guilds associated with alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River.
A
B
C
D
E
Bacterivores
1160.6 ± 604.5a
218.6 ± 56.3b
115.6 ± 44.9b
139.9 ± 56.8b
284.3 ± 119.9b
Ba1
466.1 ± 142.5a
48.5 ± 31.2b
28.4 ± 18.3b
14.8 ± 10.2b
57.6 ± 30.0b
Ba2
623.3 ± 149.5a
152.3 ± 41.3b
61.9 ± 8.3b
109.3 ± 54.1b
182.3 ± 78.9b
Ba3
62.1 ± 60.6a
17.1 ± 13.8b
19.1 ± 15.3b
15.7 ± 25.1b
32.3 ± 27.2ab
Ba4
9.1 ± 18.1a
0.6 ± 1.1b
0.6 ± 1.1b
-
10.0 ± 11.7a
Predators
87.6 ± 79.3
8.8 ± 6.8
12.4 ± 9.8
10.1 ± 6.1
37.1 ± 14.8
P3
7.7 ± 9.2a
2.9 ± 5.8a
2.9 ± 5.8a
1.9 ± 3.8a
-
P4
19.5 ± 12.1a
5.1 ± 5.0b
12.4 ± 9.8a
8.1 ± 5.0a
33.3 ± 10.8a
P5
60.4 ± 40.2a
0.8 ± 1.6b
-
-
3.8 ± 4.5b
Fungivores
276.1 ± 196.9a
49.0 ± 26.7b
25.3 ± 7.6b
30.6 ± 10.9b
60.6 ± 24.8b
Fu2
150.3 ± 39.8a
39.4 ± 15.1b
16.8 ± 7.9b
24.3 ± 7.1b
46.6 ± 31.4b
Fu3
10.9 ± 14.9a
5.0 ± 5.0a
8.5 ± 7.9a
6.2 ± 6.5a
6.0 ± 8.2a
Fu4
114.8 ± 46.3a
4.6 ± 8.0b
4.6 ± 8.0b
-
7.6 ± 10.2b
Omnivores
220.7 ± 167.4a
17.2 ± 6.6b
7.9 ± 3.0b
18.1 ± 19.0b
85.0 ± 44.3ab
Om3
3.0 ± 6.1
-
-
-
-
Om4
203.6 ± 90.0a
12.7 ± 10.1b
5.9 ± 3.7b
14.3 ± 14.7b
63.9 ± 40.6b
Om5
14.0 ± 6.4a
4.3 ± 5.0b
2.0 ± 2.4b
3.8 ± 4.4b
21.1 ± 5.6a
Plant parasites
451.8 ± 117.5a
299.7 ± 66.9a
351.4 ± 98.0a
782.5 ± 260.8a
893.8 ± 249.3a
Pp2
108.3 ± 52.5a
84.6 ± 40.5a
44.4 ± 25.7b
187.3 ± 121.4a
397.7 ± 262.4a
Pp3
340.1 ± 15.7a
206.1 ± 67.4a
308.0 ± 84.9a
589.2 ± 206.3a
540.5 ± 111.2a
Pp4
-
8.4 ± 6.7
-
-
45.5 ± 35.8
Pp5
-
3.4 ± 4.3
-
-
23.8 ± 28.9
Soil physico- chemical properties (mean ± SD) associated with alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River.
Parameter
Sites
A
B
C
D
E
pH/KCl
6.89 ± 0.25a
5.42 ± 0.21a
5.20 ± −0.11b
5.56 ± 0.16b
6.75 ± 0.18a
Soil moisture (%)
35.2 ± 5.6a
31.5 ± 2.9a
29.5 ± 3.1a
30.5 ± 3.3a
31.5 ± 2.8a
Ntot (%)
0.87 ± 0.15a
0.61 ± 0.10b
0.74 ± 0.32b
0.66 ± 0.15b
0.83 ± 0.22a
Cox (%)
14.25 ± 1.69a
8.25 ± 2.19b
10.67 ± 3.61b
12.29 ± 2.69a
12.87 ± 3.16a
Total concentrations of heavy metals (mg/kg) (mean ± SD) associated with alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River.
Element
Sites
Max
A
B
C
D
E
As
38.2 ± 3.3a
688.8 ± 91.8c
677.4 ± 181.1c
176.2 ± 47.7b
31.8 ± 17.8a
20
Cd
1.9 ± 0.2a
19.5 ± 1.9b
51.5 ± 23.1c
28.4 ± 12.9bc
2.1 ± 1.0a
0.5
Cr
37.9 ± 5.1a
58.2 ± 1.3b
68.8 ± 59.9a
40.4 ± 5.7a
28.7 ± 1.7a
90
Cu
35.7 ± 5.3a
97.6 ± 8.7b
139.6 ± 24.6c
61.9 ± 30.7ab
23.1 ± 11.9a
60
Ni
19.1 ± 1.3a
38.1 ± 2.4b
33.2 ± 8.2ab
22.9 ± 8.3a
15.4 ± 1.8a
50
Pb
553.3 ± 237.6a
3734.1 ± 1915.6b
4030.9 ± 165.1bc
2682.2 ± 460.3b
689.8 ± 474.3a
60
Zn
346.2 ± 34.6a
2949.5 ± 435.9b
6867.8 ± 1374.9c
3866.4 ± 1146.2b
566.4 ± 490.1a
120
Total nematode abundance, number of genera, nematode community indices associated with alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River (mean ± SD).
Indices
A
B
C
D
E
Nematode abundance
2193.2 ± 358.9a
595.8 ± 130.9b
513.8 ± 122.3b
974.9 ± 340.4b
1674.1 ± 263.5a
Genera number
31.8 ± 1.7a
25.8 ± 1.5b
27.5 ± 5.1a
21.5 ± 3.1b
30.5 ± 4.2a
Maturity Index
2.68 ± 0.12a
2.12 ± 0.09b
2.20 ± 0.10b
2.22 ± 0.21b
2.63 ± 0.15a
Maturity Index (2-5)
2.89 ± 0.07a
2.33 ± 0.16b
2.37 ± 0.15b
2.33 ± 0.19b
2.85 ± 0.22a
Plant Parasitic Index
2.69 ± 0.11a
2.80 ± 0.18a
2.88 ± 0.04a
2.77 ± 0.14a
2.73 ± 0.16a
Diversity Index (H´gen)
3.49 ± 0.15a
2.13 ± 0.25b
2.47 ± 0.26b
2.22 ± 0.18b
3.09 ± 0.10a
Channel Index
8.8 ± 4.0a
23.0 ± 11.8b
36.4 ± 12.9b
30.9 ± 6.6b
22.9 ± 19.6ab
Basal Index
16.6 ± 2.3a
32.9 ± 8.3b
33.9 ± 10.7b
33.7 ± 4.6b
19.9 ± 9.3a
Enrichment Index
71.5 ± 4.4a
53.2 ± 10.9b
50.3 ± 11.5b
37.9 ± 16.2b
66.7 ± 10.1b
Structure Index
72.0 ± 3.2a
44.5 ± 18.7b
49.8 ± 13.1b
47.9 ± 16.2b
73.8 ± 12.3a
Total biomass, mg
7.5 ± 1.2a
2.1 ± 1.2b
1.9 ± 1.3b
4.9 ± 2.9b
8.6 ± 2.5a
A abundance of nematode genera (mean ± SD) associated with alluvial meadows in the vicinity of the Příbram mine along the Litavka River.
