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Effects of Fusarium wilt on Cotton Cultivars with and Without Meloidogyne incognita Resistance in Fields

Terry A. Wheeler
Terry A. Wheeler
, 
Jessica Dotray
Jessica Dotray
 et 
Cecilia Monclova-Santana
Cecilia Monclova-Santana
   | 07 juil. 2022
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Article Category: Research Paper
Publié en ligne: 07 juil. 2022
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Reçu: 24 févr. 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0017
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© 2022 Terry A. Wheeler, Jessica Dotray and Cecilia Monclova-Santana, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The effect of plant mortality (M) caused by the Fusarium wilt/Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) complex on cotton cultivars grouped by susceptibility to Mi. All susceptible cultivars to Mi, with the exception of Fibermax® (FM) cultivars ◯; FM-conventional cultivars ■; FM-transgenic cultivars ◻; Mi-resistant cultivars ▲. A quadratic model based on plant mortality was fitted to yield.
The effect of plant mortality (M) caused by the Fusarium wilt/Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) complex on cotton cultivars grouped by susceptibility to Mi. All susceptible cultivars to Mi, with the exception of Fibermax® (FM) cultivars ◯; FM-conventional cultivars ■; FM-transgenic cultivars ◻; Mi-resistant cultivars ▲. A quadratic model based on plant mortality was fitted to yield.

Figure 2

Models were fitted to lint yield collected from Fusarium wilt/Mi disease complex fields in four counties (six trials total). The best fitting factor [percentage mortality (M), transformed Mi (LMi)] was fitted to each location. Mi-susceptible ◻, Mi-resistant Fibermax ◼, ST 4946GLB2 ▲, ST 5600B2XF ◊, Mi-resistant Deltapine ×, and Mi-resistant Phytogen ● are shown for each County trial(s). A list of Mi-resistant cultivars is found in Table 2. A list of all cultivars in each trial is in Appendix 1. Mi, Meloidogyne incognita.
Models were fitted to lint yield collected from Fusarium wilt/Mi disease complex fields in four counties (six trials total). The best fitting factor [percentage mortality (M), transformed Mi (LMi)] was fitted to each location. Mi-susceptible ◻, Mi-resistant Fibermax ◼, ST 4946GLB2 ▲, ST 5600B2XF ◊, Mi-resistant Deltapine ×, and Mi-resistant Phytogen ● are shown for each County trial(s). A list of Mi-resistant cultivars is found in Table 2. A list of all cultivars in each trial is in Appendix 1. Mi, Meloidogyne incognita.

Figure 3

Aerial image taken in August 2019 of the test area (16 rows wide) in Gaines County showing spatial variability in stand loss due to Fusarium wilt/Mi complex. Mi, Meloidogyne incognita.
Aerial image taken in August 2019 of the test area (16 rows wide) in Gaines County showing spatial variability in stand loss due to Fusarium wilt/Mi complex. Mi, Meloidogyne incognita.

List of test locations, dates of planting, and other field specific information.

Datesz for field activities
Latitude/ Soil Initial Final Nematode
Year County Longitude Series Planting Harvest Stand Stand Sampling
2020 Cochran 33.65256 −102.6565 Amarillo fine sandy loam 5/19 11/10 6/11 11/10 8/10
2004 Dawson 32.78918 Patricia loamy 5/6 12/3 6/3 8/28 8/30
2005 Dawson −102.0631 fine sand 5/14 11/11 6/7 7/20 …
2019 Gaines 32.73526 Patricia 5/17 11/15 6/12 11/15 10/7
−102.8783 fine sand
2019 Hall 34.36166 Miles loamy fine 5/29 11/4 6/11 11/4 9/3
2020 Hall −100.9165 sand 5/15 11/16 6/4 11/16 8/17
2021 Hall 5/10 11/9 5/24 11/9 8/18
2019 Lynn 32.91140 Amarillo fine 5/15 11/14 6/6 11/14 8/20
−102.0075 sandy loam

Effect of cultivars with resistance to Mi and Mi-susceptible cultivars on plant mortality (%) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum races 1 and 2.

Cultivar County location of tests
Groupz Cochran Gaines Hall Lynn
Susceptible 13.5 43.3 14.9 bcy 20.4
R-FM 13.2 … 14.4 bc 7.0
ST 4946GLB2 4.7 37.5 8.5 c 13.6
ST 5600B2XF 14.3 35.4 20.3 ab 24.0
R-DP 16.7 42.8 22.9 a 26.0
R-PHY 11.9 … 13.3 bc 24.1
Prob>F 0.732 0.701 0.013 0.317

Effect of cultivar groups that include FiberMax®, other Mi-susceptible cultivars, and Mi-resistant cultivars on Fusarium wilt mortality, Mi density,a nd yield.

Lint
Cultivar % Mi/500 Yield
Groupz Mortality cm3 soil LMiy (kg/ha)
FM-conventional 69.2 ax 1,905 2.90 a 941 c
FM-transgenic 58.7 b 1,507 3.16 a 1,309 ab
Normal 55.7 b 1,742 3.02 a 1,252 b
Mi resistant 60.3 ab 607 1.93 b 1,448 a
Prob>F 0.001 0.438 0.011 0.001

Effect of Mi resistance/ tolerance by different companies and Mi-susceptible cultivars on Mi density, mortality (%) by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum races 1 and 2, and relative yield from six trials.

% Relative
Categoryz LMiy Mortality Yieldx N
Susceptible 3.22 aw 23.3 b 0.491 d 378
R-FM 3.01 a 21.0 b 0.600 bc 37
ST 4946GLB2 2.78 ab 16.5 b 0.706 a 23
ST 5600B2XF 2.33 bc 24.8 ab 0.578 bc 20
R-DP 2.21 c 28.1 a 0.530 cd 46
R-PHY 1.85 c 21.4 b 0.635 ab 89
Prob>F 0.0001 0.011 0.0001

Varieties used in trials.

2004 2005 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020 2021
Dawson Dawson Gaines Hall Lynn Cochran Hall Hall
AFD 2428 AFD 3602 RR Armor 9178 B3XF Armor 9210 B3XF DP 1522 B2XF Armor 9210 B3XF DP 1646 B2XF Armor 9831 B3XF
AFD 2485 All-Tex Atlas Armor 9210 B3XF Armor 9598 B3XF DP 1612 B2XF Armor 9608 B3XF DP 1747NR B2XF DP 1522 B2XF
AFD 3511 RR Americot 1621 Armor 9598 B3XF DP 1522 B2XF DP 1747NR B2XF DP 1646 B2XF DP 1840 B3XF DP 1646 B2XF
All-Tex Atlas Americot 8120 Armor 9608 B3XF DP 1646 B2XF DP 1822 XF DP 1747NR B2XF FM 1621GL DP 1747NR B2XF
All-Tex Atlas RR BCG 245 Armor 9830 B3XF DP 1747NR B2XF DP 1840 B3XF DP 1820 B3XF FM 1730GLTP DP 1840 B3XF
All-Tex Excess RR BCG 28R DP 1522 B2XF DP 1820 B3XF DP 1909 XF DP 1822 XF FM 1911GLT DP 2044 B3XF
All-Tex TopPick BCG 295 DP 1646 B2XF DP 1822 XF FM 1621GL DP 1823NR B2XF PHY 332W3FE DP 2141NR B3XF
All-Tex Xpress DP 393 DP 1747NR B2XF DP 1823NR B2XF FM 2398GLTP DP 1840 B3XF PHY 400 W3FE DP 2143NR B3XF
BCG 24R DP 424 BGII/ RR DP 1820 B3XF DP 1840 B3XF FM 2498GLT DP 1845 B3XF PHY 411 W3FE FM 1730GLTP
BCG 28R DP 434 RR DP 1823NR B2XF DP 1845 B3XF FM 2574GLT DP 1916 B3XF PHY 443 W3FE FM 2498GLT
BCG 30R DP 449 BG/RR DP 1835 B3XF DP 1908 B3XF NG 3930 B3XF DP 2012 B3XF PHY 480 W3FE NG 4098 B3XF
DP 5415RR DP 455 BG/RR DP 1845 B3XF DP 1916 B3XF NG 4098 B3XF DP 2020 B3XF PHY 500 W3FE NG 4936 B3XF
DP 555 BG/ RR DP 491 DP 1851 B3XF DP 1948 B3XF PHY 400 W3FE DP 2022 B3XF PHY 545 W3FE NG 5150 B3XF
FM 819 DP 493 DP 1916 B3XF FM 1320GL PHY 480 W3FE DP 2038 B3XF PHY 580 W3FE PHY 332 W3FE
FM 832 DP 5415 RR DP 1948 B3XF FM 1621GL ST 4550GLTP DP 2044 B3XF ST 4480B3XF PHY 350 W3FE
FM 958 DP 555BG/RR NG 3780 B2XF FM 1911GLT ST 4946GLB2 FM 1320GL ST 4946GLB2 PHY 400 W3FE
FM 960BR FM 958 NG 3956 B3XF FM 2202GL ST 5600B2XF FM 1621 GL ST 4990B3Xf PHY 411 W3FE
FM 966 FM 960B2R NG 3994 B3XF FM 2322GL ST 5707B2XF FM 1730GLTP ST 5600B2XF PHY 443 W3FE
FM 989BR FM 981LL NG 4545 B2XF FM 2398GLTP FM 1911GLT ST 5610B3XF PHY 480 W3FE
PM 2167 RR FM 989RR NG 4777 B2XF FM 2498GLT DP is Deltapine FM 2202GL PHY 545 W3FE
PM 2280 BG/ RR FM960RR NG 4792 XF FM 2574GLT FM is FiberMax FM 2322GL DP is Deltapine ST 4946GLB2
PM 2326 RR FM966LL ST 4946GLB2 NG 2982 B3XF NG is NexGen FM 2334GLT FM is FiberMax ST 5091B3XF
PM 2379 RR NG 2448 R ST 5600B2XF NG 3500 XF PHY is Phytogen FM 2398GLTP PHY is Phytogen ST 5600B2XF
ST 2454R NG 3969 R ST 5707B2XF NG 4545 B2XF ST is Stoneville FM 2498GLT ST is Stoneville ST 5707B2XF
ST 3539BR PM 2266 RR NG 4689 B2XF NG 2982 B3XF
ST 4793R PM 2280 BG/ RR DP is Deltapine NG 4777 B2XF NG 3500 XF DP is Deltapine
ST 4892BR PM 2379 RR NG is NexGen NG 4936 B3XF NG 3956 B3XF FM is FiberMax
ST 5599BR ST 4686R ST is Stoneville PHY 210 W3FE NG 4050 XF PHY is Phytogen
ST LA887 ST 5303R PHY 250 W3FE NG 4098 B3XF ST is Stoneville
Tamcot Sphinx ST 5599BR PHY 320 W3FE NG 4689 B2XF
PHY 332 W3FE NG 4792 XF
AFD is Associated Farmers Delinting AFD is Associated Delinting Farmers PHY 400 W3FE NG 4936 B3XF
BCG is Beltwide Cotton Genetics BCG is Beltwide Cotton Genetics PHY 443 W3FE PHY 350 W3FE
DP is Deltapine DP is Deltapine PHY 480 W3FE PHY 400 W3FE
FM is FiberMax FM is FiberMax PHY 500 W3FE ST 4480 B3XF
PM is Paymaster NG is NexGen PHY 545 W3FE ST 4550GLTP
ST is Stoneville PM is Paymaster PHY 580 W3FE ST 4946GLB2
ST is Stoneville ST 4550GLTP ST 4990 B3XF
ST 4946GLB2 ST 5600 B2XF

Effect of cultivars with resistance to Mi and Mi-susceptible cultivars on Mi density.

County location of tests
Cultivar Cochran Gaines Hall Lynn
Groupz Mi LMix Mi LMi Mi LMi Mi LMi
Susceptible 9,070 3.61 ay 3,789 3.11 a 4,444 2.93 a 5,406 3.35 a
R-FM 3,952 3.35 ab … … 2,785 2.68 ab 4,510 3.56 a
ST 4946GLB2 2,640 3.02 ab 1,145 2.96 ab 1,127 2.42 ab 1,390 2.95 ab
ST 5600B2XF 1,050 2.90 b 370 1.96 b 740 2.13 abc 1,110 2.33 b
R-DP 763 1.85 c 693 2.13 b 1,421 1.95 bc 785 2.76 ab
R-PHY 2,999 3.26 ab … … 466 1.51 c 165 1.26 c
Prob>F 0.001 0.001 0.096 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.321 0.001

List of cotton cultivars used in the trials with tolerance or resistance to Mi.

Plant Variety
Company Cultivar Certificatez Company description of Resistance
BASF FM 1621GL 201900404 4 on 1-5 scale, 5 = resistant, Mi tolerant
BASF FM 1730GLTP Mi/Fusarium wilt tolerance: very good (Anonymous, 2021)
BASF FM 1911GLT 201600407 4 on 1-5 scale, 5 = resistant, Mi tolerant
Stoneville LA 887 009100065 Mi Resistant
BCS ST 5599BR 200300279 Mi Moderately resistant
BASF ST 4946GLB2 201300350 4 on 1-5 scale, 5 = resistant, Mi tolerant
BASF ST 5600B2XF Mi resistance (Anonymous, 2021)
BCS DP 1747NR B2XF 201700046 4 on a 1-4 scale, 4 = Mi resistant
BCS DP 1823NR B2XF Mi resistant; Albers and Gholston (2018)
BCS DP 2141NR B3XF Mi resistant; Albers et al. (2021)
BCS DP 2143NR B3XF Mi resistant; Albers et al. (2021)
Corteva PHY 320 W3FE 2-gene resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 332 W3FE 202000220 Resistance to Mi
Corteva PHY 350 W3FE Highly Mi resistant (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 394 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 400 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 411 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 443 W3FE 202000221 Resistance to Mi
Corteva PHY 480 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 500 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 545 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)
Corteva PHY 580 W3FE Resistance to Mi (Anonymous, 2021)

Effect of cultivars with resistance to Mi and Mi-susceptible cultivars on lint yield in fields with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum races 1 and 2.

Cultivar County locations of tests
Groupz Cochran Gaines Hall Lynn
Susceptible 840 bcy 216 b 1,696 b 732 b
R-FM 954 a … 1,846 a 864 a
ST 4946GLB2 1,038 a 376 a 2,026 a 877 a
ST 5600B2XF 952 ab 208 b 2,006 a 761 ab
R-DP 770 c 268 ab 1,824 ab 837 ab
R-PHY 1,004 a … 1,970 a 847 a
Prob>F 0.001 0.007 0.001 0.008
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