Occupational Stress and Quality of Life among Health Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic
, , , , , , , , , , , et | 12 août 2022
À propos de cet article
Article Category: Research article
Publié en ligne: 12 août 2022
Pages: 182 - 192
Reçu: 05 janv. 2022
Accepté: 04 mai 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2022-0012
Mots clés
© 2022 Efstratios Vamvakas, Ioanna Kontogeorgou, Aggeliki Ntaountaki, Georgia Karkouli, Eleni Pisimisi, Eirini Karampekiou, Efstathios Politis, Iordana Moskofi, Dimitrios Konitopoulos, Eleni Dokoutsidou, Maria Grigoropoulou, Maria Theodorakopoulou, Apostolos Armaganidis, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Rating of Qol parameters
| 1st Survey (16) | Current survey | |
|---|---|---|
| Physical (PF) Functioning | 84.2 | 82.07 |
| Physical Role (PR) | 75.7 | 62.09 |
| Bodily Pain (BP) | 74.4 | 67.78 |
| General Health (GH) | 69 | 67.38 |
| Vitality (VT) | 63.5 | 61.63 |
| Social Functioning (SF) | 69.5 | 61.20 |
| Mental Health (MH) | 74.1 | 65.30 |
| Emotional Role (ER) | 66.6 | 66.09 |
Anxiety/Depression effect on SF-36 parameters
| PF | PR | BP | GH | VT | SF | ER | MH | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAS | Pearson R | -,541** | ,026 | -,563** | -,515** | -,616** | -,069 | -,576** | -,624** |
| p-value | ,000 | ,755 | ,000 | ,000 | ,000 | ,411 | ,000 | ,000 | |
| SDS | Pearson R | -,450** | -,008 | -,369** | -,440** | -,587** | -,056 | -,482** | -,635** |
| p-value | ,000 | ,922 | ,000 | ,000 | ,000 | ,506 | ,000 | ,000 |
Sample characteristics, COVID-19 related factors and psychological status
| N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Men | 48 (32.7) |
| Women | 99 (77.3) |
| Specialty | |
| Medical Doctor | 31(21.1) |
| Medical Nurse | 85(57.8) |
| Other | 31(21.1) |
| Education | |
| Secondary Higher Education | 3(2) |
| Tertiary Education | 87(59.2) |
| Postgraduate studies | 38(25.9) |
| Doctoral studies | 19(12.9) |
| Marital status | |
| Unmarried | 33(22.4) |
| Married | 100(68.0) |
| Divorced | 14(9.5) |
| Years of working | |
| <1 | 5(3.4) |
| 1-5 | 14(9.5) |
| 6-10 | 27(18.4) |
| 11-15 | 27(18.4) |
| >15 | 74(50.3) |
| Weekly working hours for the last two months | |
| <10 | 6(4.1) |
| 11-20 | 1(7) |
| 21-40 | 86(58.5) |
| 41-60 | 48(32.7) |
| >61 | 6(4.1) |
| Word during weekends in the last two months | |
| Never | 38(25.9) |
| Every two weeks | 62(42.2) |
| Every week one day of the weekend | 29(19.7) |
| Every week on both days | 18(12.2) |
| Department | |
| Closed section (unit) | 78(53.1) |
| Open ward (Clinic, Health Center) | 69(46.9) |
| Previous medical history | |
| My health is in good condition | 86.4(86.4) |
| I have a chronic illness | 11.6(11.6) |
| I’m dealing with a psychiatric illness | 2.0(2) |
| Contact with COVID-19 | |
| Agree | 74(50.3) |
| Disagree | 14(9.5) |
| Not sure | 59 (40.1) |
| Feelings of exhaustion compared to pre-COVID-19 era | |
| Agree/totally agree | 54(36.7) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 63(42.9) |
| Disagree/totally disagree | 30(20.4) |
| Worries about getting infected | |
| Agree/totally agree | 81(55.1) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 43(29.3) |
| Disagree/totally disagree | 23(15.6) |
| Worries that the family will be infected | |
| Agree/totally agree | 104(70.7) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 20(13.6) |
| Disagree/totally disagree | 22(15) |
| Worries that the whole situation will last for a long time | |
| Agree/totally agree | 94(63.9) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 35(23.8) |
| Disagree/totally disagree | 18(12.2) |
| Considerations of resigning due to COVID-19 | |
| Agree | 3(2) |
| Disagree | 135(91.8) |
| Not sure | 9(6.1) |
| Satisfaction with the protection provided | |
| Agree | 54(36.7) |
| Disagree | 33(22.4) |
| Not sure | 60(40.8) |
| SAS | |
| Absence | 104 (70.7) |
| Mild | 35 (23.8) |
| Moderate | 7 (4.8) |
| Severe | 1 (0.7) |
| SDS | |
| Absence | 79 (53.7) |
| Mild | 51 (34.7) |
| Moderate | 15 (10.2) |
| Severe | 2 (1.4) |
Correlation between SAS and SDS with demographics and other factors & anxiety, depression, physical component summary compared to working hours, weekly for the last two months (average)
| Mean | SD | p-value | Statistical method used Effect size Statistical power | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Anxiety | Men | 38.02 | 10.26 | 0.001* | T-Test |
| Effect size | ||||||
| Women | 46.73 | 8.52 | d= 0.85a | |||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.99 | ||||||
| Depression | Men | 41.17 | 10.83 | 0.001* | T-Test | |
| Effect size | ||||||
| Women | 50.32 | 9.56 | d= 0.84a | |||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.99 | ||||||
| Specialty | Anxiety | Doctor | 45.79** | 0.001* | Kruskal-Wallis Test | |
| Nurse | 80.44** | Due to Test of Homogeneity of Variances=,029 | ||||
| Other | 84.56** | Effect size |
||||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.95 | ||||||
| Depression | Doctor | 42.86 | 10.74 | 0.001* | ANOVA | |
| Effect size |
||||||
| Nurse | 48.16 | 11.27 | Power(1-β err prob)= 0.95 | |||
| Other | 49.52 | 8.60 | ||||
| I feel more exhausted | Anxiety | Agree/ strongly agree | 88.06** | 0.001* | Kruskal-Wallis Test Due to Test of Homogeneity of Vari | |
| now compared | neither agree nor disagree | 74.01** | ances=0.002 Effect size | |||
| to before Covid-19 | Disagree/strong- ly disagree | 48.67** | ||||
| Depression | Agree/ strongly agree | 52.03 | 9.75 | 0.001* | ANOVA Effect size | |
| neither agree nor disagree | 45.75 | 10.53 | ||||
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 42.17 | 10.36 | ||||
| Anxiety | Working hours, weekly for the | <40 | 45,26 | 8,82 | 0,028* | T-Test Effect size |
| last two months (average) | >40 | 41,53 | 11,39 | d= 0.33d Power(1-β err prob)= 0.48 | ||
| Depression | Working hours, weekly for the | <40 | 47,96 | 9,23 | 0,404 | ANOVA Effect size |
| last two months (average) | >40 | 46,25 | 13,20 | d= 0.13(small) Power(1-β err prob)= 0.12 | ||
| Physical Component Summary | Working hours, weekly for the last two months | <40 | 67,43 | 12,44 | 0,008* | ANOVA Effect size d= 0.44c |
| (average) | >40 | 73,97 | 15,01 | Power(1-β err prob)= 0.73 | ||
Association of summary scales of Physical Component Summary with gender, specialty and burnout at present, compared to before COVID-19 era
| Mean | SD | p-value | Statistical methods Effect size Statistical power | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 80.53 | 11.45 | 0.001* | T-Test |
| Female | 64.64 | 11.66 | d= 1.36a | ||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.99 | |||||
| Specialty | Doctor | 82.92 | 9.75 | 0.001* | ANOVA |
| Nurse | 65.09 | 12.74 | Effect size | ||
| Else | 69.74 | 11.46 | d= 0.26a | ||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.99 | |||||
| I feel more burnout now compared to before Covid-19 season | I agree / strongly agree I neither agree nor disagree | 67.96 67.74 | 13.49 12.70 | 0.002* | ANOVA |
| Effect size | |||||
| d= 0.082c | |||||
| Power(1-β err prob)= 0.90 | |||||
| I disagree/totally disagree | 77.58 | 14.08 | |||