Contrast Medium-Induced Encephalopathy after Coronary Angiography– Case Report
Catégorie d'article: Case Report
Publié en ligne: 12 mai 2021
Pages: 145 - 149
Reçu: 15 oct. 2020
Accepté: 19 févr. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2021-0010
Mots clés
© 2021 Sebastian Andone, Rodica Balasa, Laura Barcutean, Zoltan Bajko, Valentin Ion, Anca Motataianu, Adina Stoian, Smaranda Maier, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Introduction
Contrast-induced encephalopathy represents a rare, reversible complication that appears after intravenous or intra-arterial exposure to contrast agents. There is no consensus in the literature regarding the mechanism of action. However, the theoretical mechanism is set around the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the contrast agents’ chemical properties.
Case report
The case of a 70-year-old patient, known to have hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is reported. The patient had undergone a diagnostic coronary angiography during which he received 100ml of Ioversol (Optiray 350™). Soon after the procedure, the patient began experiencing a throbbing headache, followed by intense behavioural changes and aggressive tendencies. He was transferred to the Neurology Clinic. The neurological examination was without focal neurological signs; however, the patient was very aggressive and uncooperative. The CT scan revealed a mild hyper-density in the frontal lobes. MRI scan revealed no pathological changes. Conservative treatment with diuretics and hydration was administered, and the patient experienced a complete resolution of symptoms in 72 hours.
Conclusion
Contrast-induced encephalopathy is a possible secondary complication to contrast agents and a diagnostic challenge, and it should not be overlooked, especially following procedures that use contrast agents.