Age | | | | |
< 2 years | 37 (39) | 35 (46) | 2 (11) | 0.012 |
2-4.9 years | 12 (13) | 9 (12) | 3 (16) | |
5-11.9 years | 22 (23) | 17 (22) | 5 (26) | |
≥ 12 years | 24 (25) | 15 (20) | 9 (47) | |
|
Sex | | | | |
Female | 42 (44) | 35 (46) | 7 (37) | 0.470 |
Male | 53 (56) | 41 (54) | 12 (63) | |
|
Ethnicity | | | | |
White | 49 (52) | 39 (51) | 10 (53) | |
Black | 40 (42) | 34 (45) | 6 (32) | 0.163 |
Hispanic | 4 (4) | 2 (3) | 2 (11) | |
Asian | 2 (2) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | |
|
Comorbidity | | | | |
No | 29 (31) | 26 (34) | 3 (16) | 0.166 |
Yes | 66 (69) | 50 (66) | 16 (84) | |
|
Anticholinergic use | | | | |
No | 29 (31) | 25 (33) | 4 (21) | 0.410 |
Yes | 66 (69) | 51 (67) | 15 (79) | |
|
Vasoactive use | | | | |
No | 61 (64) | 53 (70) | 8 (42) | 0.033 |
Yes | 34 (36) | 23 (30) | 11 (58) | |
|
Developmental delay | | | | |
No | 66 (69) | 50 (66) | 16 (84) | 0.120 |
Yes | 29 (31) | 26 (34) | 3 (16) | |
|
Diagnosis | | | | |
Respiratory failure | 58 (61) | 48 (63) | 10 (53) | |
Septic shock | 13 (14) | 9 (12) | 4 (21) | 0.673 |
Status epilepticus | 7 (7) | 6 (8) | 1 (5) | |
Other | 17 (18) | 13 (17) | 4 (21) | |
|
Time spent on ventilator (hours) | 171 (102-360) | 153 (94-282) | 349 (171-987) | <0.001 |
|
Length of PICU stay (days) | 9 (6-18) | 8 (5-14) | 16 (9-41) | <0.001 |
|
Daily benzodiazepine dose (mg/kg/day) | 2 (0-3) | 1 (0-3) | 2 (2-4) | 0.009 |
|
Cumulative benzodiazepine dose (mg/kg) | 15 (2-34) | 9 (2-28) | 33 (18-77) | <0.001 |
|
Daily opioid dose (mg/kg/day) | 2 (1-3) | 1 (0-3) | 3 (1-4) | 0.023 |
|
Cumulative opioid dose (mg/kg) | 16 (4-33) | 13 (3-24) | 37 (24-70) | <0.001 |
|
Daily dexmedetomidine dose (mcg/kg/day) | 4 (0-10) | 4 (1-9) | 2 (0-10) | 0.941 |
|
Cumulative dexmedetomidine dose (mcg/kg) | 36 (5-91) | 35 (3-84) | 60 (11-118) | 0.177 |
|
Daily steroid dose (mg/kg/day) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0.154 |
|
Cumulative steroid dose (mg/kg) | 2 (1-4) | 2 (1-4) | 3 (0-5) | 0.434 |
|
PIM 3 ROM | 2 (1-3) | 1 (1-3) | 2 (1-4) | 0.527 |