The increasing role of the Charter when establishing the ‘genuine enjoyment’ test for static EU citizens – A result of the ECHR’s shortcomings?

This contribution analyses how the Ruiz Zambrano doctrine and the genuine enjoyment test have developed in the case law and gives its views on the reasons for the increasing role of the Charter and the silence on the ECHR. It suggests that one reason for the Court’s reluctance to refer to the ECtHR and its case law as well as its unwillingness to use the ECHR when assessing the application of EU law can be seen as a consequence of the problematic development of the ECtHR case law.