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Infective capacity of the commercial nematode Steinernema carpocapsae parasitizing Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in Yucatán México

M. B. Ávila-López

M. B. Ávila-López

  • Comisión Intersecretarial de Bioseguridad de los Organismos Genéticamente Modificados (CIBIOGEM-CONAHCYT)México
  • Centro de Innovación para el Desarrollo Apícola Sustentable en Quintana Roo, Universidad Intercultural Maya de Quintana RooMéxico
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Ávila-López, M. B.
, 
D. Aguirre-Ayala

D. Aguirre-Ayala

Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Unidad Académica La PazMéxico
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Aguirre-Ayala, D.
 et 
V. M. VidaL-Martínez

V. M. VidaL-Martínez

Laboratorio de Parasitología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a ProgresoMéxico
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VidaL-Martínez, V. M.
  
12 déc. 2024
Infective capacity of the commercial nematode Steinernema carpocapsae parasitizing Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in Yucatán México's Cover Image
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Publié en ligne: 12 déc. 2024
Pages: 254 - 262
Reçu: 06 sept. 2023
Accepté: 23 oct. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2024-0028
Mots clés
© 2024 M. B. Ávila-López et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

PCR results of the experimental infection of Aedes aegypti larvae with the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. PCR products were separated using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. MW = molecular weight marker, 1,000 bp; C+ =positive control; C− = negative control; S1 to S6 included the DNA of individual A. aegypti larvae infected with S. carpocapsae.
PCR results of the experimental infection of Aedes aegypti larvae with the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. PCR products were separated using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. MW = molecular weight marker, 1,000 bp; C+ =positive control; C− = negative control; S1 to S6 included the DNA of individual A. aegypti larvae infected with S. carpocapsae.

Fig. 2.

Histological sections of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae experimentally infected with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. A) mosquito larva with light infection. Note the presence of the infective third stage of S. carpocapsae in the midgut (mg) of the larva. B) Heavily infected mosquito larvae with third stage larvae of S. carpocapsae in the midgut (mg). Note that the peritrophic membrane is necrosed and heavily infected by bacteria presumably Xenorhabdus nematophila. Lettering: act, annular chitinous thickening; px, pharynx; oe, oesophagus; pv, proventriculus; Sc, Steinernema carpocapsae; sg, salivary glands; gc, gastric caeca; pm, peritrophic membrane; mg, mid-gut. Scale bar: 100 μm.
Histological sections of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae experimentally infected with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. A) mosquito larva with light infection. Note the presence of the infective third stage of S. carpocapsae in the midgut (mg) of the larva. B) Heavily infected mosquito larvae with third stage larvae of S. carpocapsae in the midgut (mg). Note that the peritrophic membrane is necrosed and heavily infected by bacteria presumably Xenorhabdus nematophila. Lettering: act, annular chitinous thickening; px, pharynx; oe, oesophagus; pv, proventriculus; Sc, Steinernema carpocapsae; sg, salivary glands; gc, gastric caeca; pm, peritrophic membrane; mg, mid-gut. Scale bar: 100 μm.

Fig. 3.

Cumulative mortality (in percentage) of the larvae of Aedes aegypti exposed to different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. The black columns represent the mean values of the cumulative of mortality (%), and the error bars are the standard deviation (SD) values. Letters on the columns represent the posthoc difference in mean values of the percentage of mortality, which were determined using the LSD Fisher method at p<0.05. Columns with a common letter were not significantly different (p <0.05).
Cumulative mortality (in percentage) of the larvae of Aedes aegypti exposed to different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. The black columns represent the mean values of the cumulative of mortality (%), and the error bars are the standard deviation (SD) values. Letters on the columns represent the posthoc difference in mean values of the percentage of mortality, which were determined using the LSD Fisher method at p<0.05. Columns with a common letter were not significantly different (p <0.05).

Cumulative mortality (%) of Aedes aegypti larvae due to the exposure to different concentrations (nematodes per ml) of infective third stage larvae of Steinernema carpocapsae and the values of the physicochemical parameters from the plastic containers mimicking crypt vases_

Time (h) Cumulative mortality (%) Oxygen (mg/L) Temperature (°C)
Control without nematodes
10 0 5.12 26.30
22 4 1.73 29.00
34 8 1.24 26.60
46 10 1.10 28.00
58 12 0.97 25.60
70 12 0.60 27.70
1250 nematodes/ml
10 0 1.78 26.20
22 6 1.41 29.10
34 20 1.05 27.00
46 36 1.03 28.00
58 48 1.02 25.00
70 54 1.02 27.70
2500 nematodes/ml
10 0 1.69 26.20
22 2 1.56 29.40
34 12 1.28 26.60
46 18 1.10 28.20
58 26 1.02 25.00
70 36 0.68 27.60
3125 nematodes/ml
10 0 1.61 26.00
22 2 1.28 29.60
34 10 1.05 26.90
46 16 0.88 28.20
58 20 0.50 25.30
70 26 0.29 27.50
3750 nematodes/ml
10 0 1.54 26.00
22 2 1.10 29.40
34 10 0.71 26.80
46 14 0.52 28.00
58 16 0.48 25.00
70 22 0.33 27.70
Langue:
Anglais
Périodicité:
4 fois par an
Sujets de la revue:
Sciences de la vie, Zoologie, Écologie, Sciences de la vie, autres, Médecine, Médecine clinique, Microbiologie, virologie et epidémiologie des infections
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