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Transport Phenomena Research in Microgravity via the ISS National Lab to Benefit Life on Earth

Phillip H. Irace

Phillip H. Irace

Center for the Advancement of Science in SpaceMelbourne, USA
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Irace, Phillip H.
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Ryan D. Reeves

Ryan D. Reeves

Center for the Advancement of Science in SpaceMelbourne, USA
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Reeves, Ryan D.
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Shawn Stephens

Shawn Stephens

Center for the Advancement of Science in SpaceMelbourne, USA
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Stephens, Shawn
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Michael S. Roberts

Michael S. Roberts

Center for the Advancement of Science in SpaceMelbourne, USA
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Roberts, Michael S.
  
10 nov. 2024
Transport Phenomena Research in Microgravity via the ISS National Lab to Benefit Life on Earth's Cover Image
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Catégorie d'article: Research Note
Publié en ligne: 10 nov. 2024
Pages: 145 - 158
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2024-0010
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© 2024 Phillip H. Irace et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Photograph of the International Space Station. Image courtesy of NASA
Photograph of the International Space Station. Image courtesy of NASA

Figure 2.

Intensified camera images of (a) a hot flame and (b) a cool flame. Figure recreated from Kim et al. (2023). Reprinted from Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 39(2), Minhyeng Kim, Kendyl A. Waddell, Peter B. Sunderland, Vedha Nayagam, Dennis P. Stocker, Daniel L. Dietrich, Yiguang Ju, Forman A. Williams, Phillip Irace, and Richard L. Axelbaum, Spherical gas-fueled cool diffusion flames, 1647–1656, Copyright (2023), with permission from Elsevier.
Intensified camera images of (a) a hot flame and (b) a cool flame. Figure recreated from Kim et al. (2023). Reprinted from Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 39(2), Minhyeng Kim, Kendyl A. Waddell, Peter B. Sunderland, Vedha Nayagam, Dennis P. Stocker, Daniel L. Dietrich, Yiguang Ju, Forman A. Williams, Phillip Irace, and Richard L. Axelbaum, Spherical gas-fueled cool diffusion flames, 1647–1656, Copyright (2023), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 3.

(Top) Comparison of steady flame profiles at different confined flame conditions using black anodized aluminum baffles or no baffles, with a flow speed of 6 cm/s. When there is no baffle, the flame is situated between a transparent polycarbonate window and a black duct wall on the right and left side of a flame, as imaged, respectively. (Bottom) Overlayed profiles of the outer edge and center profile for each of the five flames. This figure is recreated from Li et al. (2021). Reprinted from Combustion and Flame, 227, Li Yanjun, Liao Ya-Ting T., Paul V. Ferkul, Michael C. Johnston, and Charles Bunnell, Experimental study of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids in confined space in microgravity, 39–51, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier.
(Top) Comparison of steady flame profiles at different confined flame conditions using black anodized aluminum baffles or no baffles, with a flow speed of 6 cm/s. When there is no baffle, the flame is situated between a transparent polycarbonate window and a black duct wall on the right and left side of a flame, as imaged, respectively. (Bottom) Overlayed profiles of the outer edge and center profile for each of the five flames. This figure is recreated from Li et al. (2021). Reprinted from Combustion and Flame, 227, Li Yanjun, Liao Ya-Ting T., Paul V. Ferkul, Michael C. Johnston, and Charles Bunnell, Experimental study of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids in confined space in microgravity, 39–51, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 4.

Heat transfer coefficient as a function of time for the sawtooth microstructure (blue) and flat baseline (orange) surfaces at various heat fluxes. The applied heat fluxes are 0.7 W/cm2 (left), 1.0 W/cm2 (center), and 1.3 W/cm2 (right). The inset images show high-speed image frames captured during the experiment. The nearly constant heat transfer coefficient circled at the end of the sawtooth microstructure experiment at 1.0 W/cm2 is due to the constant temperature difference maintained between the surface and the fluid. Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.
Heat transfer coefficient as a function of time for the sawtooth microstructure (blue) and flat baseline (orange) surfaces at various heat fluxes. The applied heat fluxes are 0.7 W/cm2 (left), 1.0 W/cm2 (center), and 1.3 W/cm2 (right). The inset images show high-speed image frames captured during the experiment. The nearly constant heat transfer coefficient circled at the end of the sawtooth microstructure experiment at 1.0 W/cm2 is due to the constant temperature difference maintained between the surface and the fluid. Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 5.

A comparison of the vapor slug dynamics on the flat baseline surface (left) and the 60°–30° sawtooth microstructure surface (right) in microgravity at a heat flux of 1.3W/cm2. For the flat surface, the vapor slug covers the entire field of view, and no liquid layer is visible between the slug and the surface. For the sawtooth microstructure surface, there is a visible liquid microlayer across the crests of the sawteeth. The liquid layer is highlighted in the sawtooth microstructure schematic (bottom-right). Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.
A comparison of the vapor slug dynamics on the flat baseline surface (left) and the 60°–30° sawtooth microstructure surface (right) in microgravity at a heat flux of 1.3W/cm2. For the flat surface, the vapor slug covers the entire field of view, and no liquid layer is visible between the slug and the surface. For the sawtooth microstructure surface, there is a visible liquid microlayer across the crests of the sawteeth. The liquid layer is highlighted in the sawtooth microstructure schematic (bottom-right). Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 6.

Frequency as a function of static contact angle α (°) for several modes and substrates in microgravity. Experimental measurements are denoted by symbols, and theoretical predictions with free contact lines Λ = 0 are denoted by solid lines, where Λ is the mobility. The inset plot is the frequency for substrate P1 with pinned contact line Λ = ∞ (see McCraney et al., 2022b). The experimental error is ± 0.2 Hz, denoted by the symbol size. Reprinted figure with permission from J. McCraney, V. Kern, J.B. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P.H. Steen, Physical Review Letters, 129, 084501, 2022. Copyright (2022) by the American Physical Society.
Frequency as a function of static contact angle α (°) for several modes and substrates in microgravity. Experimental measurements are denoted by symbols, and theoretical predictions with free contact lines Λ = 0 are denoted by solid lines, where Λ is the mobility. The inset plot is the frequency for substrate P1 with pinned contact line Λ = ∞ (see McCraney et al., 2022b). The experimental error is ± 0.2 Hz, denoted by the symbol size. Reprinted figure with permission from J. McCraney, V. Kern, J.B. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P.H. Steen, Physical Review Letters, 129, 084501, 2022. Copyright (2022) by the American Physical Society.

Figure 7.

Images of the experimental time evolution of drop coalescence overlayed with simulated predictions (red lines). The scale bars are 1 cm. This figure is reproduced from McCraney et al. (2022a). Reprinted from Physics of Fluids, 34, J. McCraney, J. Ludwicki, J. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P. Steen, Coalescence-induced droplet spreading: Experiments aboard the International Space Station, 122110, Copyright (2022), with the permission of AIP Publishing
Images of the experimental time evolution of drop coalescence overlayed with simulated predictions (red lines). The scale bars are 1 cm. This figure is reproduced from McCraney et al. (2022a). Reprinted from Physics of Fluids, 34, J. McCraney, J. Ludwicki, J. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P. Steen, Coalescence-induced droplet spreading: Experiments aboard the International Space Station, 122110, Copyright (2022), with the permission of AIP Publishing

NSF-funded research projects that have resulted from the NSF-CASIS joint solicitation for microgravity research in transport phenomena on the ISS to benefit life on Earth_ Projects with multiple principal investigators (PIs) are collaborative projects_ The PI institution is the PI’s institution at the time of award_

No. Year Awarded Project Title PI Name(s) PI Institution
1 2016 ISS: Quantifying Cohesive Sediment Dynamics for Advanced Environmental Modeling Paolo Luzzatto-Fegiz, Eckart Meiburg University of California, Santa Barbara
2 2016 ISS: Unmasking contact-line mobility for Inertial Spreading using Drop Vibration and Coalescence Susan Daniel (Former PI: Paul Steen) Cornell University
3 2016 ISS: Kinetics of nanoparticle self-assembly in directing fields Eric Furst University of Delaware
4 2016 ISS: Inertial Spreading and Imbibition of a Liquid Drop Through a Porous Surface Michel Louge, Olivier Desjardins Cornell University
5 2016 ISS: Constrained Vapor Bubbles of Ideal Mixtures Joel Plawsky Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
6 2017 ISS: Collaborative Research: Spherical Cool Diffusion Flames Burning Gaseous Fuels Peter Sunderland University of Maryland, College Park
Richard Axelbaum Washington University in St. Louis
Forman Williams University of California, San Diego
7 2017 ISS: Collaborative Research: Thermally activated directional mobility of vapor bubbles in microgravity using microstructured surfaces Sushil Bhavnani University of California, Davis
Vinod Narayanan Auburn University
8 2017 ISS: Flame Spread in Confined Spaces - Study of the Interactions between Flame and Surrounding Walls Ya-Ting Liao, Paul Ferkul Case Western Reserve University
9 2018 ISS: GOALI: Nonequilibrium Processing of Particle Suspensions with Thermal and Electrical Field Gradients Boris Khusid, Alton Reich, Lou Kondic New Jersey Institute of Technology
Paul Chaikin, Andrew Hollingsworth New York University
10 2019 ISS: Collaborative Research: Interfacial bioprocessing of pharmaceuticals via the Ring-Sheared Drop (RSD) module aboard ISS Amir Hirsa Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Juan Lopez Arizona State University
11 2019 ISS: Collaborative Research: Examination of the Multi-physical Properties of Microgravity-synthesized Graphene Aerogels Debbie Senesky Stanford University
Roya Maboudian, Carlo Carraro University of California, Berkeley
12 2019 ISS: A Microgravity Microfluidic Study of Packing and Particle Stabilization of Foams and Emulsions Jing Fan, Charles Maldarelli CUNY, The City College of New York
13 2020 ISS: A new paradigm for explaining catastrophic post-wildfire mudflows: transport phenomena and gravity-driven aggregation dynamics of hydrophobic particle-air-water mixtures Ingrid Tomac University of California, San Diego
14 2020 ISS: Synthesis of Electrically Conductive High-Temperature Composites Under Microgravity and Normal Gravity Conditions Kathy Lu Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
15 2020 ISS: Gravitational Effects on the Faraday Instability Ranga Narayanan University of Florida
16 2020 ISS: Dynamic Manipulation of Multi-Phase Flow Using Light-Responsive Surfactants for Phase-Change Applications Yangying Zhu, Javier Read de Alaniz, Paolo Luzzatto-Fegiz University of California, Santa Barbara
17 2020 ISS: Collaborative Research: Bimodal Colloidal Assembly, Coarsening and Failure: Decoupling Sedimentation and Particle Size Effects Safa Jamali Northeastern University
Ali Mohraz University of California, Irvine
18 2021 ISS: Collaborative Research: Individual and Collective Behavior of Active Colloids in Microgravity Alicia Boymelgreen Florida International University
Jarrod Schiffbauer Colorado Mesa University
19 2021 ISS: Thermophoresis in quiescent non-Newtonian fluids for bioseparations James Gilchrist, Xuanhong Cheng, Kelly Schultz Lehigh University
20 2021 ISS: Understanding the Gravity Effect on Flow Boiling Through High-Resolution Experiments and Machine Learning Chen Li, Yan Tong University of South Carolina at Columbia
21 2021 Collaborative Research: ISS: GOALI: Transients and Instabilities in Flow Boiling and Condensation Under Microgravity Joel Plawsky, Corey Woodcock Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Boris Khusid, Thomas Conboy New Jersey Institute of Technology
22 2021 ISS: Wicking in gel-coated tubes Emilie Dressaire University of California, Santa Barbara
23 2021 ISS: Flame Spread Response to Non-steady Airflow James Urban Worcester Polytechnic Institute
24 2022 Collaborative Research: ISS: Assessing the Effect of Microgravity on Growth and Properties of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Crystals Debbie Senesky Stanford University
Roya Maboudian, Carlo Carraro University of California, Berkeley
25 2022 ISS: Plasmonic Bubble Enabled Nanoparticle Deposition under Micro-Gravity Tengfei Luo University of Notre Dame
26 2022 Collaborative Research: ISS: Revealing interfacial stability, thermal transport and transient effects in film evaporation in microgravity James Hermanson University of Washington
Aneet Dharmavaram Narendranath, Jeffrey Allen Michigan Technological University
27 2022 Collaborative Research: ISS: Microgravity enabled studies of particle adsorption dynamics at fluid interfaces Joelle Frechette University of California, Berkeley
Michael Bevan Johns Hopkins University
28 2022 ISS: Uncovering transient dynamics and equilibrium states of particle aggregates in fluids Raul Cal Portland State University
29 2022 Collaborative Research: ISS: Biofilm Inhibition with Germicidal Light Side-Emitted from Nano-enabled Flexible Optical Fibers in Water Systems Paul Westerhoff, Jennifer Barrila, Cheryl Nickerson, Francois Perreault Arizona State University
Robert McLean Texas State University, San Marcos
30 2022 ISS: Transient Behavior of Flow Condensation and Its Impacts on Condensation Rate Chen Li, Yan Tong University of South Carolina at Columbia
31 2022 ISS: Active Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Microgravity Zvonimir Dogic University of California, Santa Barbara
32 2023 Collaborative Research: ISS: Probing Interfacial Instabilities in Flow Boiling and Condensation via Acoustic Signatures in Microgravity Ying Sun, Ahmed Allam, Yongfeng Xu University of Cincinnati
Han Hu University of Arkansas
33 2023 Collaborative Research: ISS: Colloidal Microflyers: Observation and Characterization of (Self-) Thermophoresis through Air in Microgravity Jeffrey Moran George Mason University
David Warsinger Purdue University
34 2023 ISS: Protein flow and gelation in the absence of solid-wall nucleation Amir Hirsa, Patrick Underhill Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
35 2023 Collaborative Research: ISS: Understanding thermal transport across a condensing film by conducting experiments in microgravity Chirag Kharangate Case Western Reserve University
Kuan-Lin Lee, Josh Charles Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc.
36 2023 ISS: Biofilm growth and architecture in porous media: exploring the effect of gravitational and interfacial forces on biofilm growth patterns Dorthe Wildenschild, Tala Navab-Daneshmand Oregon State University
37 2023 ISS: The Influence of Microgravity on Bacterial Transport and Pellicle Morphogenesis Howard Stone Princeton University
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