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Effect of interaction between Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani on damping-off and root rot disease of Tetraclinis articulata seedlings

Rachid El Haddadi
Rachid El Haddadi
, 
Azeddine Errifi
Azeddine Errifi
, 
Soukaina Msairi
Soukaina Msairi
, 
Amina Ouazzani Touhami
Amina Ouazzani Touhami
 et 
Allal Douira
Allal Douira
   | 04 juin 2022
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Article Category: Research paper
Publié en ligne: 04 juin 2022
Pages: 166 - 175
Reçu: 28 mars 2021
Accepté: 31 déc. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fsmu-2021-0018
Mots clés
© 2021 Rachid El Haddadi et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

A small lesion associated with the constricted area on the stem (hypocotyl): Disease severity 1.
A small lesion associated with the constricted area on the stem (hypocotyl): Disease severity 1.

Figure 2

Brown lesion covering 25–50% of the hypocotyl length: Disease severity 2.
Brown lesion covering 25–50% of the hypocotyl length: Disease severity 2.

Figure 3

Necrosis affecting more than 50% of the hypocotyl length: Disease severity 3.
Necrosis affecting more than 50% of the hypocotyl length: Disease severity 3.

Figure 4

T. articulata seedlings taken from different treatments at 5 weeks. Note the difference between the control plant and inoculated plants: brown to black lesion with collar-constricted stem on the Rs sample; stem canker, general wilting and rotted root on the Fs sample, stunting and rotted roots on the RsFs sample. Contrary to the control plant, all inoculated seedlings showed a lack of fine roots.
T. articulata seedlings taken from different treatments at 5 weeks. Note the difference between the control plant and inoculated plants: brown to black lesion with collar-constricted stem on the Rs sample; stem canker, general wilting and rotted root on the Fs sample, stunting and rotted roots on the RsFs sample. Contrary to the control plant, all inoculated seedlings showed a lack of fine roots.

Figure 5

T. articulata seedlings under two treatments at 62 days: inoculated seedlings (RsFs treatment) and uninoculated seedlings (control).
T. articulata seedlings under two treatments at 62 days: inoculated seedlings (RsFs treatment) and uninoculated seedlings (control).

Fungal recovery (%) from epicotyl, hypocotyl, primary and lateral roots of T. articulata seedlings 62 days post-inoculation by R. solani and F. solani singly or in combination.

Treatment Isolation percentage Pi (%)
Epicotyl Hypocotyl Primary root Lateral roots
R. Solani F. Solani R. Solani F. Solani R. Solani F. Solani R. Solani F. Solani
Rs 0 – 70 – 70 – 56 –
Fs – 45 – 55 – 60 – 75
RsFs 0 28 17 43 13 42 25 33

Effect of fungal pathogens alone and in combination on the pre-emergence and post-emergence of the damping-off disease and survival rate of T. articulata seedlings 62 days post-inoculation.

Treatment Pre-emergence damping-off (%)* Post-emergence damping-off (%)* Survival (%)*
Control 7.37 a 2.62 a 90 c
Rs 21 b 11.12 c 67.87 b
Fs 22.5 b 7.12 b 70.37 b
RsFs 26.93 c 19.06 d 54 a

Effect of fungal pathogens alone and in combination on different growth parameters of T. articulata seedlings 62 days post-inoculation; reduction in growth (%) in brackets.

Treatment Shoot height (cm)* No. of leaves* No. of lateral roots* Lateral root length (cm) * Primary root length (cm) * Root system total length (cm) *
Control 12.04 c 57.65 c 17.23 b 3.6 c 23.46 c 86.32 b
Rs 7.31 a (39.29%) 49.85 b (13.53%) 11.57 a (32.85%) 3.14 b (12.78%) 21.79 b (7.12%) 51.02 a (40.89%)
Fs 7.66 a (36.38%) 33.74 a (41.47%) 11.7 a (32.1%) 2.89 ab (19.72%) 19.48 a (16.97%) 54.58 a (36.77%)
RsFs 8.64 b (28.24%) 44.34 b (23.09%) 11.98 a (30.47%) 2.56 a (28.89%) 18.25 a (22.21%) 48.98 a (43.26%)

Effect of fungal pathogens alone and in combination on disease severity and disease-index (%) recorded on T. articulata seedlings 62 days post-inoculation.

Treatment Disease severity* Disease index (%)
Epicotyl (0–4) Hypocotyl (0–4) Primary root (0–6) Lateral roots (0–6)
Control 0.58 b** 0.58 a** 0.87 a** 0.87 a** 14.5 a**
Rs 0 a 2.43 b 3.54 b 3.15 b 43.04 b
Fs 1.93 c 2.38 b 3.43 b 3.62 c 56.25 c
RsFs 2.23 c 2.76 c 4.59 c 4.75 d 70.1 d
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