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An Analysis of Factors Influencing Green Supply Chain Drivers in the Indian Real Estate Sector Using the ISM-DEMATEL Approach

Pawan Koul
Pawan Koul
 et 
Ranjit Roy Ghatak
Ranjit Roy Ghatak
   | 29 juil. 2024
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Publié en ligne: 29 juil. 2024
Pages: 83 - 102
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2024-0006
Mots clés
© 2024 Pawan Koul et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Picture showing that the developer plays a pivotal role in green supply chain management in the real estate sector
Picture showing that the developer plays a pivotal role in green supply chain management in the real estate sector

Figure 2.

Process flow for creating, recording, and extracting information using building integration modeling
Process flow for creating, recording, and extracting information using building integration modeling

Figure 3.

Building integration modeling and building energy modeling for designing real estate projects
Building integration modeling and building energy modeling for designing real estate projects

Figure 4.

Research methodology
Research methodology

Figure 5.

Hierarchy structure of green supply chain drivers using ISM technique
Hierarchy structure of green supply chain drivers using ISM technique

Figure 6.

MICMAC analysis
MICMAC analysis

Figure 7.

Causal diagram using DEMATEL approach
Causal diagram using DEMATEL approach

Final reachability matrix (Source: Authors’ own research)

Code Driver GD 1 GD 2 GD 3 GD 4 GD 5 GD 6 GD 7 GD 8 GD 9 GD 10 GD 11 GD 12 GD 13 GD 14 GD 15 Driving power
GD1 Government policies 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
GD2 Developer orientation 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 13
GD3 Green financing 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 12
GD4 Customer awareness 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
GD5 BIM 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
GD6 Green construction technology 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
GD7 Green design 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
GD8 Green purchasing 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 9
GD9 Reverse logistics 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 5
GD10 Green culture 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 6
GD11 Brand image 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9
GD12 Fund management 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 8
GD13 Awareness of green practices 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 11
GD14 Resource consumption 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 11
GD15 Stakeholder engagement 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 11
Dependence power 1 2 3 10 11 13 14 13 14 8 13 12 13 14 13 -

Green supply chain drivers in the real estate sector in India (Source: Authors’ own research)

Driver no. Clubbed driver Principal drivers Reference
GD1 Government policies and legislation

Real estate investment trust

Land acquisition, rehabilitation, and resettlement

 		Gupta, et al., 2017; Das and Thomas, 2016
GD2 Developer orientation and commitment toward green initiation

Contractor role

Architect role

Subcontractor role

 		Balasubramanian and Shukla, 2017; Al-Ma’aitah, 2018; Gupta, et al., 2019
GD3 Green financing

Green financing

Green bonds

 		Qian, et al., 2016; Tran, 2021; Maltais and Nykvist, 2021
GD4 Customer awareness and involvement

Green features

Better quality

Timely delivery

 		Subham Mohanty, 2021; Güner, et al., 5 C.E.
GD5 Building modeling management systems

Integration of building services

Cost reduction

Energy modeling

 		Mohammed, 2021; Rogage, et al., 2019; Edirisinghe, 2019; Gerrish, et al., 2017
GD6 Green construction technology adoption

Prefabrication techniques

Modularization

 		Lavikka, et al., 2021
GD7 Green product design capability

Green design

Building plan

Orientation of windows

Airconditioning

 		Lee and Kim, 2008; Mohammed, 2021; Ghaffarianhoseini, et al., 2016; Cecere, et al., 2019; Hammad, et al., 2019; Kabirifar and Mojtahedi,2019
GD8 Green purchasing

Supplying environment-friendly raw materials

Greening of logistics

 		Ali, et al., 2020; Hosseini, et al., 2021
GD9 Reverse logistics practices

Construction waste management

 		Vargas, et al., 2021
GD10 Green culture and values

Recruitment of manpower having green culture and values

 		Karaduman, et al., 2020; Shafaei, et al., 2020; Ahmad, 2015; Ng, et al., 2021
GD11 Enhance reputation and brand image

No fraudulent activities

Future gains

 		Aadil Saif, 2014
GD12 Developers’ investment capability

Foreign Investment

Private wealth channels

 		Gupta, et al., 2017; Gholipour, 2013
GD13 Knowledge and awareness level of green practices

Green building rating

Energy conservation

Building code

 		Graham and Rawal, 2019
GD14 Reducing consumption of resources and energy

Trucks using green fuels for transportation

 		Willar, et al., 2020; Ying, et al., 2021
GD15 Engagement of stake-holders

Developer–consultant

Contractor–supplier

 		Sousa, 2012; Umumararungu and Mulyungi, 2018

Structural self-interaction matrix (Source: Authors’ own research)

Code Driver GD 1 GD 2 GD 3 GD 4 GD 5 GD 6 GD 7 GD 8 GD 9 GD 10 GD 11 GD 12 GD 13 GD 14 GD 15
GD1 Government policies 1 V V V V V V V V V V V V V V
GD2 Developer orientation - 1 V V V V V V V O O V O O V
GD3 Green financing - - 1 V V O O V O O O V O O O
GD4 Customer awareness - - - 1 V V V V V O V V X X X
GD5 BIM - - - - 1 V V A V O O A O O O
GD6 Green technology - - - - - 1 X X V O O A A V X
GD7 Green design - - - - - - 1 X X X X V V V V
GD8 Green purchasing - - - - - - 1 V O O A X O O
GD9 Reverse logistics - - - - - - - - 1 O X O O V O
GD10 Green culture - - - - - - - - - 1 V O O O V
GD11 Brand image - - - - - - - - - - 1 O O O O
GD12 Fund management - - - - - - - - - - 1 V V V
GD13 Knowhow of green practices - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 V O
GD14 Reducing resource consumption - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 O
GD15 Stakeholders’ engagement - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1

Level partitions (Source: Authors’ own research)

Iteration 1
Factors Reachability set Antecedent set Intersection Level
GD1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1 1 -
GD2 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2,3 2,3 -
GD3 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3 2, 3 -
GD4 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD5 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD6 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD7 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 13, 14, 15 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 -
GD8 4,5,6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14,15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11,12, 13, 14,15 -
GD9 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 i
GD10 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 15 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11 6,7,10,11 -
GD11 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 -
GD12 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD13 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD14 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
GD15 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 -
Iteration 2
GD1 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 1 1 -
GD2 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 1, 2,3 2,3 -
GD3 2,3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13,15 1, 2, 3 2, 3 -
GD4 5, 6, 8,10, 12, 13, 15 1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 13,15 8, 12, 13,15 -
GD5 5, 6, 8, 10,12, 13, 15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8,10, 12, 13, 15 5, 6,8, 10, 12, 13, 15 -
GD6 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13,15 1, 2, 3,5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 -
GD7 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 13, 15 6, 8, 10, 13, 15 -
GD8 5,6, 8, 12, 13,15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13,15 5, 6, 8, 12,13,15 ii
GD10 6, 10, 15 1, 2, 5, 6,10 5, 6, 12, 13, 15 -
GD11 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 1, 3, 5, 6,,8, 10, 13,15 8, 10,13, 15 -
GD12 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 12, 13,15 5, 6, 12, 13, 15 -
GD13 5, 6, 8,12, 13,15 1, 2, 3,5, 6, 8,12, 13,15 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15 -
GD14 5,6,8,12,13, 15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15 -
GD15 5, 6, 8,12, 13, 15 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 15 5, 6, 12, 13, 15 -
Iteration 3
GD1 1, 2, 3, 10 1 1 -
GD2 2, 3, 10 1, 2,3 2,3 -
GD3 2, 3,10 1, 2, 3 2, 3 -
GD4 10,11 1, 2, 3 - -
GD5 10 1, 2, 3, 10 10 iii
GD6 10 1, 2, 3, 10 10 -
GD7 10 1, 2, 3, 10 10 -
GD10 10 1,2,10 10
GD11 10 2, 3, 10 10 -
Iteration 4
GD1 1, 2, 3 1 1 -
GD2 2, 3 1, 2,3 2,3 -
GD3 2, 3 1, 2, 3 2, 3 iv
Iteration 5
GD1 1 1 1 v

Degree of influence (Source: Authors’ own research)

Factor Di Ri Di + Ri Di - Ri
GD1 2.332108 0.609406 2.941514 1.722702
GD2 2.165233 0.728962 2.894195 1.436271
GD3 2.046763 0.796619 2.843382 1.250144
GD4 1.335043 0.863433 2.198477 0.47161
GD5 1.388685 1.511477 2.900162 -0.12279
GD6 1.312976 1.638 2.950976 -0.32502
GD7 1.096431 1.638716 2.735147 -0.54229
GD8 1.096431 1.388115 2.484545 -0.29168
GD9 1.221623 1.815813 3.037435 -0.59419
GD10 1.179119 1.947681 3.1268 -0.76856
GD11 1.085274 1.567534 2.652808 -0.48226
GD12 1.108241 1.5315 2.639741 -0.42326
GD13 1.241029 1.664408 2.905437 -0.42338
GD14 1.140528 1.625072 2.765599 -0.48454
GD15 1.181771 1.604518 2.786289 -0.42275
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