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Exploring the relationships among nature-based tourists' subjective well-being, travel motivation and revisit intentions within the scope of self-determination theory

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14 août 2025
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Figure 1:

Model of the research
Model of the research

Figure 2:

Structural model
Structural model

Participants' demographics

Individual Characteristics f %
Gender
Male 227 58.8
Female 159 41.2
Total 386 100
Age Group
18–25 77 19.95
26–31 114 29.53
32–37 64 16.59
38–43 58 15.02
44–49 46 11.92
50 years and over 27 7
Total 386 100
Education Level
High School 74 19.17
Associate degree 86 22.28
Bachelor's degree 158 40.93
Master's/Doctoral Degree 68 17.62
Total 386 100
Marital Status
Single 189 48.96
Married 197 51.04
Total 386 100
Monthly Income
12.000 TL and below 58 15.02
12.001–20.000 103 26.68
20.001–28.000 77 19.95
28.001–36.000 68 17.67
36.001–44.000 44 11.4
44.001 TL and over 36 9.33
Total 386 100

The results of hypotheses testing

Hypothesis Path Direct Effect t-values P-values Results
H1 SDTM> SWB 0.369 1.327 0.000* Supported
H2 SWB> REV 0.396 1.965 0.000* Supported
H3 SDTM> REV 0.486 2.723 0.000* Supported

Discriminant Validity

Constructs 1 2 3
1. SWB 0.57
2. SDTM 0.42 0.67
3. REV 0.34 0.46 0.79

The results of the measurement items

Items Factor Loadings
SWB-1 0.885
SWB-2 0.859
SWB-3 0.758
SWB-4 0.717
Subjective well-being: α=0.867, CR=0.905, AVE=0.656
SDTM-1 0.841
SDTM-2 0.836
SDTM-3 0.765
SDTM-4 0.723
SDTM-5 0.751
SDTM-6 0.612
SDTM-7 0.680
SDTM-8 0.719
SDTM-9 0.622
SDTM-10 0.574
SDTM-11 0.563
SDTM-12 0.615
SDTM-13 0.571
SDTM-14 0.603
SDTM-15 0.556
SDTM-16 0.543
SDTM-17 0.566
SDTM-18 0.527
SDTM-19 0.548
Self-determined travel motivation: α=0.891, CR=0.904, AVE=0.635
REV-1 0.918
REV-2 0.907
REV-3 0.882
Intention to revisit: α=0.897, CR=0.903, AVE=0.642