<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The results of our experiments executed to obtain tobacco male sterile lines through interspecific hybridization are summarized. Ten wild species from the genus <italic>Nicotiana</italic>: <italic>N. excelsior (exc), N. amplexicaulis (amp), N. rustica (rus), Nicotianaglauca (gla), N. velutina (vel), N. benthamiana (ben), N. maritima (mar), N. paniculata (pan), N. longiflora (lon)</italic> and <italic>N. africana (afr)</italic> were used as cytoplasmic donors and <italic>N. tabacum</italic>, cv. HarmanliiskaBasma (HB) as a donor of the nucleus. Genetic effects of cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction of the studied species are discussed. Our results suggested that cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was expressed when the cytoplasms of the above mentioned wild <italic>Nicotiana</italic> species were combined with the nucleus of <italic>N. tabacum</italic>. The 10 sources of CMS obtained in tobacco were characterized by altered flower phenotypes. Flowers are classified into types according the stamen, pistil and corolla modification. All these CMS sources were backcrossed to Oriental tobaccos, cvs. Tekne, Nevrokop B-12, Kroumovgrad 90 and Djebel 576, to develop corresponding CMS lines. The investigated cytoplasms produced compete male sterility in all those cultivars. The CMS lines preserved flower types, specific for every “sterile” cytoplasm. The extent of male organ modifications varied from apparently normal (but pollenless) stamens in CMS (<italic>pan</italic>), (<italic>afr</italic>), some plants of (<italic>vel</italic>) (<italic>mar</italic>) through different degrees of malformations (shriveled anther on shortened filaments (<italic>lon</italic>), pinnate-like anthers on filaments of normal length (<italic>amp</italic>), petal - (<italic>ben</italic>), pistil- or stigma-like structures (<italic>rus</italic>), (<italic>gla</italic>)) to lack of male reproductive organs in (<italic>exc</italic>) and in some plants of (<italic>vel</italic>), (<italic>mar</italic>), (<italic>rus</italic>) and (<italic>gla</italic>). Most of the above mentioned cytoplasms had normal female gametophyte and good seed productivity. Alterations of the pistils were observed in CMS (<italic>rus</italic>), (<italic>exc</italic>) and (<italic>ben</italic>) causing reduction of the seed set. Electrophoresis of seed proteins of the tobacco cultivars and their CMS lines also suggested that the nuclei of wild species was entirely displaced by the nucleus of <italic>N. tabacum</italic>. CMS lines with cytoplasms of <italic>N. velutina, N. maritima, N. paniculata, N. longiflora</italic> and <italic>N. amplexicaulis</italic> were selected as suitable for seed production in tobacco.</p></abstract>

The results of our experiments executed to obtain tobacco male sterile lines through interspecific hybridization are summarized. Ten wild species from the genus Nicotiana: N. excelsior (exc), N. amplexicaulis (amp), N. rustica (rus), Nicotianaglauca (gla), N. velutina (vel), N. benthamiana (ben), N. maritima (mar), N. paniculata (pan), N. longiflora (lon) and N. africana (afr) were used as cytoplasmic donors and N. tabacum, cv. HarmanliiskaBasma (HB) as a donor of the nucleus. Genetic effects of cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction of the studied species are discussed. Our results suggested that cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was expressed when the cytoplasms of the above mentioned wild Nicotiana species were combined with the nucleus of N. tabacum. The 10 sources of CMS obtained in tobacco were characterized by altered flower phenotypes. Flowers are classified into types according the stamen, pistil and corolla modification. All these CMS sources were backcrossed to Oriental tobaccos, cvs. Tekne, Nevrokop B-12, Kroumovgrad 90 and Djebel 576, to develop corresponding CMS lines. The investigated cytoplasms produced compete male sterility in all those cultivars. The CMS lines preserved flower types, specific for every “sterile” cytoplasm. The extent of male organ modifications varied from apparently normal (but pollenless) stamens in CMS (pan), (afr), some plants of (vel) (mar) through different degrees of malformations (shriveled anther on shortened filaments (lon), pinnate-like anthers on filaments of normal length (amp), petal - (ben), pistil- or stigma-like structures (rus), (gla)) to lack of male reproductive organs in (exc) and in some plants of (vel), (mar), (rus) and (gla). Most of the above mentioned cytoplasms had normal female gametophyte and good seed productivity. Alterations of the pistils were observed in CMS (rus), (exc) and (ben) causing reduction of the seed set. Electrophoresis of seed proteins of the tobacco cultivars and their CMS lines also suggested that the nuclei of wild species was entirely displaced by the nucleus of N. tabacum. CMS lines with cytoplasms of N. velutina, N. maritima, N. paniculata, N. longiflora and N. amplexicaulis were selected as suitable for seed production in tobacco.

Wild Nicotiana Species as a Source of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Nicotianatabacum

D. Kostoff Institute of Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The results of our experiments executed to obtain tobacco male sterile lines through interspecific hybridization are summarized. Ten wild species from the...

Wild Nicotiana Species as a Source of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Nicotianatabacum

Publié en ligne: 30 déc. 2014

Pages: 301 - 311

Reçu: 13 déc. 2001

Accepté: 21 juil. 2002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0743

© 2014 Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.