1 | Google Scholar | PPP and Broadband Infrastructure | May 3, 2022 | 18:15 | 15,300 |
2 | PPP, Broadband Infrastructure, and Europe | May 3, 2022 | 18:30 | 8,530 | |
3 | PPP, Broadband Infrastructure, Africa, Asia, Pacific, and Australia | May 3, 2022 | 19:40 | 1,940 | |
Total | 25,770 |
1 | Legal, regulatory, and reform policies | ( |
2 | Specific policies and plans | ( |
2.1 | National broadband plans and policies for supply and demand | ( |
2.2 | Policies for supply and demand | ( |
3 | Policies that support private sector investment | ( |
3.1 | Government initiatives to encourage private investment | |
3.2 | Universal service policy | ( |
3.3 | Subsidies as fiscal support | (Bauer, 2011; |
1 | Q1 |
26 Articles 12 Journals |
|
2 | Q2 |
5 Articles 5 Journals |
|
3 | Q3 |
10 Articles 8 Journals |
|
4 | Q4 |
1 Article 1 Journal |
|
Government initiatives | 3 | 11 | 5 | 19 | 45 |
PPP framework | 3 | 12 | 1 | 14 | 33.5 |
PPP implementation | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 9.5 |
Technology option | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 7.3 |
Value for money | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4.7 |
7 | 24 | 13 | 42 | 100 |
Language | English | Rest of language | The researchers and the preponderance of the readership can readily understand English |
Year | 2000–2021 | Published before 2000 and after 2021 | Only a few articles were published before 2000, and investigations after 2021 are underway |
Journal index | Indexed in Scopus and other academic databases | Other indexed articles | Articles must take samples from different citations such that a possibility exists that the same article is listed in various places. Therefore, duplicated articles in other citations must be excluded from the sample. The study uses Scopus as the threshold; therefore, the publications used are only international publications indexed under the Q1–Q4 categories (Scopus), whose validity was obtained through |
Keywords | Keywords that are directly connected to the study. All papers should be added | No exclusion | The main discussion of the articles must be about PPP in broadband infrastructure. The article is only included if one of the three categories is fulfilled. |
Duplication and completeness | No inclusion | Excluded |
Duplicates that are found in two or more academic databases are excluded The study is checked for data completeness. If the entire article is unavailable or only an abstract is present, it is also excluded from the sample |
Type of paper | Only papers published in journals | Scientific essays are a thesis or an article not published in a journal (unpublished literature) | Research articles, such as theses or unpublished papers, are excluded |
1 | Government initiatives | ( |
19 |
2 | PPP framework | ( |
14 |
3 | PPP implementation | ( |
4 |
4 | Technology option | ( |
3 |
5 | Value for money | ( |
2 |
Identification | Records identified:
Databases (n = 927) Registers (n = 0) |
Records removed before the screening:
Records marked as ineligible by automation tools (n = 0) Records were removed for other reasons (n = 0) |
Screening | Record screened (n = 90) | Records excluded (n = 420) |
Reports sought for retrieval (n = 0) | Reports not retrieved (n = 507) | |
Reports assessed for eligibility (n = 43) | Reports excluded: unpublished literature (n = literature) (n = 1) | |
Included | New studies included in the review (n = 42) and reports of new included studies |