2019 European Elections in Cyprus: An Empirical Exploration of Second-Order Election Effects and Europe Salience

1 Agapiou-Josephides, K. “Cyprus.” In D. M. Viola, ed., Routledge Handbook of European elections. Routledge, 2016. Search in Google Scholar

2 Agapiou-Josephides, K. “Changing patterns of Euroscepticism in Cyprus: European discourse in a divided polity and society.” South European Society and Politics 16(01) (2011): 159–184. Search in Google Scholar

3 Audit Office of the Republic of Cyprus. Audit of Candidates Expenses Elections of European Parliament (26 May 2019), Special Report ΠΚ/03/2021, 2021. Search in Google Scholar

4 Bertrand, G. “République de Chypre: les élections législatives de 2016 en perspective historique. Entre hausse de l’abstention et déclin relatif des partis historiques.” Pole Sud (2) (2017): 149–162. Search in Google Scholar

5 Braun, D., S. Hutter, & A. Kerscher. “What type of Europe? The salience of polity and policy issues in European Parliament elections.” European Union Politics 17(4) (2016): 570–592. Search in Google Scholar

6 Cabeza, L. (2018). ‘First-order thinking’ in second-order contests: A comparison of local, regional and European elections in Spain. Electoral Studies 53 (2018): 29–38. Search in Google Scholar

7 Charalambous, G., B. Papageorgiou and A. Pegasiou. “Surprising elections in exciting times? of proxies and second-order events in the 2014 European election in Cyprus.” South European Society and Politics 20(3) (2015): 403–424. Search in Google Scholar

8 Christophorou, C. “Cyprus.” In The 2009 Elections to the European Parliament (pp. 68–76). Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2010. Search in Google Scholar

9 ______. “An old cleavage causes new divisions: Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Cyprus, 21 May 2006.” South European society & politics 12(1) (2009): 111–128. Search in Google Scholar

10 DIKO. We advocate for Cyprus in Europe [Manifesto]. (2019) (accessed 15/11/2023) // https://democraticparty.org.cy Search in Google Scholar

11 Dolezal, M., L. Ennser-Jedenastik, W. C. Müller and A. K. Winkler. “How parties compete for votes: A test of saliency theory.” European Journal of Political Research 53(1) (2014): 57–76. Search in Google Scholar

12 EurActiv. Europe hit by green wave. (2019) (accessed on 18 December 2020) // https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/europe-is-being-hit-by-a-big-green-wave/ Search in Google Scholar

13 EuroPAM. Cyprus. (n. d.) (accessed on 30 November 2020) // http://europam.eu/?module=country-profile&country=Cyprus Search in Google Scholar

14 Ferrara, F. J. T. “Weishaupt. Get your act together: Party performance in European Parliament elections.” European Union Politics 5(3) (2004): 283–306. Search in Google Scholar

15 Follesdal, A. and S. Hix. “Why there is a democratic deficit in the EU: A response to Majone and Moravcsik.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 44(3) (2006): 533–562. Search in Google Scholar

16 Gabel, M. J. and C. J. Anderson. “The structure of citizen attitudes and the European political space.” Comparative Political Studies 35(8) (2002): 893–913. Search in Google Scholar

17 Giebler, H., & A. Wagner. “Contrasting first-and second-order electoral behaviour: Determinants of individual party choice in European and German federal elections.” German Politics 24(1) (2015): 46–66. Search in Google Scholar

18 Grigoriadis, I. N. (2017). Cyprus negotiations thwarted by issues on security and guarantees: how can the peace process be revived? (SWP Comment, 28/2017). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik –SWP – Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. Search in Google Scholar

19 Hix, S. and M. Marsh. “Punishment or protest? Understanding European parliament elections.” The journal of politics 69(2) (2007): 495–510. Search in Google Scholar

20 Hobolt, S. B. and C. De Vries. “Turning against the Union? The impact of the crisis on the Eurosceptic vote in the 2014 European Parliament elections.” Electoral Studies, 44 (2016): 504–514. Search in Google Scholar

21 Hobolt, S. B. and C. De Vries. “The 2014 European Parliament elections: divided in unity.” J. Common Mkt. Stud. 53 (2015): 6. Search in Google Scholar

22 Hooghe, L. and G. Marks. “European Union?” West European Politics 31(1–2) (2008): 108–129. Search in Google Scholar

23 House of Representatives. The political role and the responsibilities of the House. (2020) (accessed on 1 December 2020) // http://www.parliament.cy/en/general-information/the-political-role-and-the-responsibilities-of-the-house- Search in Google Scholar

24 Ioannides, I. “Cyprus in the EU: From Integration to Present-day Challenges and Opportunities.” Focus, (2021): 67–76. Search in Google Scholar

25 Kaelble, H. “The European Public Sphere.” In R. Frank, H. Kaelble, M. F. Lévy & L. Passerini, eds., Building a European Public Sphere – From the 1950s to the Present (pp. 21–40). 2010. Search in Google Scholar

26 Katsourides, Y. “The comeback of the right in crisis-ridden Cyprus: The 2013 presidential elections.” South European Society and Politics 19(1) (2013): 51–70. Search in Google Scholar

27 Ker-Lindsay, J. “Presidential power and authority in the Republic of Cyprus.” Mediterranean Politics 11(1) (2006): 21–37. Search in Google Scholar

28 Marks, G., L. Hooghe, M. Nelson and E. Edwards. “Party competition and European integration in the East and West: Different structure, same causality.” Comparative Political Studies 39(2) (2006): 155–175. Search in Google Scholar

29 Philenews. Green Alliance: The real stakes of the European elections. (2019) (accessed 14/09/2023) // https://www.philenews.com Search in Google Scholar

30 Republic of Cyprus. Council of Ministers – General. (2019) (accessed on 1 December 2020) // http://www.cm.gov.cy/cm/cm.nsf/page31_en/page31_en?OpenDocument Search in Google Scholar

31 Rooduijn, M., and S. Van Kessel. “Populism and euroskepticism in the European Union.” Oxford Encyclopedia of European Union Politics (2019). Search in Google Scholar

32 Schmitt, H. “The European Parliament Elections of June 2004: Still Second-order?” West European Politics, Vol. 28(3) (2005): 650–679. Search in Google Scholar

33 Stavridis, S., & C. Tsardanidis. “Cyprus and the European Union.” In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics (2020). Search in Google Scholar

34 Stergiou, A. “Euroscepticism in Cyprus.” In Moreau and Wassenberg, eds., … . (pp. 55–67). 2016. Search in Google Scholar

35 Szczerbiak, A. and P. Taggart. “Theorizing party-based Euroscepticism: problems of definition, measurement, and causality.” Opposing Europe (2008): 238–262. Search in Google Scholar

36 Viola, D. M. (ed.). Routledge handbook of European elections. Routledge, 2015. Search in Google Scholar

37 Weber, M. Our common destiny is at stake in these next European elections. (2019) (accessed 21/10/2023) // www.europeanfiles.eu Search in Google Scholar