Comparative Analysis Between 4G LTE and 5G NR: An Evaluation of Cellular Communications For V2X Technology

Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technologies are to allow vehicles to exchange information with each other, with the network, but also with other road users, based on secure, reliable, and high-capacity communication links. The use of C-V2X leads to improved road safety and traffic efficiency, over-the-air software updates, pollution reduction, and remote driving, which in the end support the implementation of autonomous vehicles. The main cellular communication standards used within the C-V2X technology are the following: 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G New Radio (NR). This paper follows both a theoretical analysis of cellular communications in the V2X technology, through a comparative analysis of the contribution of each of them concerning the offered technical specifications, and a practical part, where various performance indicators were validated using the Simu5G simulator, which can simulate wireless communication networks and network components with a behavior close to that experienced in real-life.