Application of sine-Gordon model in description of Josephson junction – present state of affairs

Josephson junctions find applications for construction of various devices in measuring, transmitting, receiving, and amplifying systems as well as classical and quantum computing devices. Some of the existing and future applications are related to shape engineering, which allows for adjustment of the parameters of the junction to the needs of various applications. The article includes review of both a description of the applications and theoretical considerations devoted to the Josephson junctions and their properties.