Morphology of Double Renal Veins

The study was performed on 116 kidneys, using dissection and injection of plastic mass (followed by dissection or corrosion) as study methods. We found 6 cases of double renal veins (5.17% of cases), 5 cases being straight veins (9.62% of right veins) and 1 single case on the left being left veins (1.56% of left veins). In the formation of the venous trunk, both at the level of the superior veins and at the level of the inferior veins, two branches of origin participated in all cases, which most frequently were of different caliber. The trajectory of the superior renal vein in 4 cases was obliquely supero-medially, and in one case it was obliquely infero-medially, respectively horizontal. The trajectory of the inferior renal vein in 4 cases was obliquely supero-medially, and in 2 cases it was horizontal. The termination of the superior renal vein in the inferior vena cava is was done in 3 cases on the lateral side, respectively on the postero-lateral side. The termination of the inferior renal vein in the inferior vena cava was done in 3 cases on the postero-lateral side, in 2 cases on the antero-lateral side, and in only one case) on the lateral side. The caliber of the superior renal vein at the level of its termination in the vena cava, we found to be between 2.72-8.50 mm, the caliber of the inferior renal vein being between 2.10-3.60 mm. Significant morphological variations, particularly in venous morphometry, were observed compared to existing literature. These differences may be explained by methodological diversity, sample characteristics, and anatomical variability related to geographical area, sex, and age.