Evaluation of the infrazygomatic crest and mandibular buccal shelf in different sagittal skeletal patterns: a cone-beam computed tomography study
Publié en ligne: 19 févr. 2024
Pages: 1 - 12
Reçu: 01 sept. 2023
Accepté: 01 janv. 2024
© 2024 Elif Dilara Seker et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Demographic data of the patients
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
|
post-hoc p-value |
|
Variables |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
I-II |
II-III |
I-III |
Age |
30.08 ± 5.9 |
26.46 ± 6.1 |
26.21 ± 5.3 |
0.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sex |
|
|
|
|
Female |
28 (90.3 %) |
24 (85.7 %) |
22 (84.6 %) |
0.63 |
|
|
|
Male |
3 (9.6 %) |
4 (14.2 %) |
4 (15.3 %) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upper Third Molar |
|
|
|
|
Present |
20 |
18 |
16 |
0.72 |
|
|
|
Absent |
11 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lower Third Molar |
|
|
|
|
Present |
18 |
16 |
20 |
0.81 |
|
|
|
Absent |
13 |
12 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
SNA° |
82.7 ± 4.6 |
82.8 ± 5.6 |
79.3 ± 3.4 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
SNB° |
75.8 ± 4.6 |
80.6 ± 5.9 |
83.3 ± 3.5 |
0.001 |
0.04 |
0.001 |
NS |
ANB° |
6.8 ± 2.4 |
2.1 ± 1.1 |
-4 ± 3.5 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
SN-GoMe° |
35.2 ± 7.5 |
31.2 ± 4.4 |
32.5 ± 5.5 |
0.26 |
|
|
|
Comparison of the quantitative bone characteristics between different sites in IZC and MBS on right side for each group
|
M1mr (I) |
M1dr (II) |
M2mr (III) |
M2dr (IV) |
|
post hoc pvalue |
Class II |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
I-II |
I-III |
I-IV |
II-III |
II-IV |
III-IV |
|
|
|
|
|
IZC (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 70° |
2.5 ± 1.5 |
2.6 ± 1.5 |
2.2 ± 1.3 |
2.4 ±1.5 |
0.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MBS (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 6 mm |
4.2 ± 3.2 |
5 ± 3.4 |
6.5 ± 2.2 |
7.5 ±2.3 |
<0.001 |
NS |
0.04 |
0.001 |
NS |
0.01 |
NS |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
5.2 ± 2.9 |
6.3 ± 3.1 |
7.2 ± 1.9 |
8 ±2.2 |
0.002 |
NS |
0.04 |
0.002 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
Total height at 4 mm |
18.4 ±7.1 |
19.9 ± 6.5 |
22.7 ± 2.9 |
23.8 ±2.9 |
0.002 |
NS |
0.03 |
0.003 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
Total height at 6 mm |
14.6 ±7.4 |
16.5 ± 6.4 |
20.4 ± 3.6 |
22.1 ±3.7 |
<0.001 |
NS |
0.003 |
<0.001 |
NS |
0.005 |
NS |
|
|
|
|
|
Class I |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IZC (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 70° |
3.5 ± 1.9 |
3.2 ± 1.7 |
3.3 ± 1.8 |
3.71 ±1.9 |
0.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MBS (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 6 mm |
2.6 ± 2 |
4 ± 3.1 |
5.8 ± 2.3 |
7.2 ±2.3 |
<0.001 |
NS |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
0.04 |
<0.001 |
NS |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
4.2 ± 2.6 |
6 ± 2.5 |
6.6 ± 2.4 |
7.4 ±2.4 |
<0.001 |
0.03 |
0.002 |
<0.001 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
Total height at 4 mm |
17.7 ±9.7 |
20 ± 7.7 |
19.8 ± 7.3 |
20.9 ±6.1 |
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total height at 6 mm |
15.3 ±9.4 |
17.2 ± 8.5 |
17.6 ± 8.1 |
19 ±7.6 |
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IZC (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 70° |
3 ± 2.1 |
2.9 ± 1.9 |
3 ± 1.5 |
3.3 ± 1.9 |
0.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MBS (mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 6 mm |
2.8 ± 2 |
4.4 ± 2.4 |
7.1 ±1.9 |
8.5 ± 2 |
<0.001 |
0.03 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
NS |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
5 ± 2.6 |
6.7 ± 1.8 |
7.9 ± 1.6 |
8.6 ± 1.9 |
<0.001 |
0.01 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
NS |
0.004 |
NS |
Total height at 4 mm |
17 ± 5.1 |
19.6 ±4 |
20.1 ± 3.1 |
20.4 ± 2.9 |
0.007 |
NS |
0.02 |
0.01 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
Total height at 6 mm |
13.1 ± 6.7 |
17 ± 5.1 |
17.9 ± 3.9 |
19.7 ± 3.8 |
<0.001 |
0.02 |
0.003 |
<0.001 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
Correlation between cephalometric parameters and quantitative bone characteristics
|
SNA |
SNB |
Maxillary Length |
Mandibular Length |
|
r |
p-Value |
r |
p-Value |
r |
p-Value |
r |
p-Value |
|
M1mr |
Total thickness at 70° |
0.070 |
0.66 |
0.048 |
0.76 |
-0.186 |
0.24 |
0.238 |
0.13 |
Total thickness at 6 mm |
0.202 |
0.2 |
-0.034 |
0.83 |
0.295 |
0.06 |
0.207 |
0.19 |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
0.301 |
0.05 |
0.328 |
0.03 |
0.212 |
0.18 |
0.331 |
0.03 |
Total height at 4 mm |
0.174 |
0.27 |
0.140 |
0.38 |
0.124 |
0.44 |
0.440 |
0.004 |
Total height at 6 mm |
0.284 |
0.07 |
0.246 |
0.12 |
0.220 |
0.16 |
0.357 |
0.02 |
|
M1dr |
Total thickness at 70° |
0.032 |
0.84 |
0.035 |
0.83 |
-0.120 |
0.45 |
0.267 |
0.09 |
Total thickness at 6 mm |
0.131 |
0.41 |
0.031 |
0.84 |
0.164 |
0.3 |
0.268 |
0.09 |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
0.293 |
0.06 |
0.346 |
0.02 |
0.030 |
0.85 |
0.375 |
0.01 |
Total height at 4 mm |
0.028 |
0.86 |
0.059 |
0.71 |
0.018 |
0.90 |
0.504 |
0.001 |
Total height at 6 mm |
0.139 |
0.38 |
0.211 |
0.18 |
0.087 |
0.58 |
0.450 |
0.003 |
|
M2mr |
Total thickness at 70° |
-0.088 |
0.58 |
0.089 |
0.57 |
-0.001 |
0.99 |
0.210 |
0.08 |
Total thickness at 6 mm |
0.189 |
0.23 |
0.358 |
0.02 |
-0.059 |
0.71 |
0.508 |
0.001 |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
0.085 |
0.59 |
0.358 |
0.02 |
-0.023 |
0.88 |
0.346 |
0.02 |
Total height at 4 mm |
0.059 |
0.71 |
-0.092 |
0.56 |
0.155 |
0.33 |
0.384 |
0.01 |
Total height at 6 mm |
0.089 |
0.57 |
0.002 |
0.99 |
0.124 |
0.44 |
0.508 |
0.001 |
|
M2dr |
Total thickness at 70° |
-0.190 |
0.23 |
-0.044 |
0.78 |
-0.069 |
0.66 |
0.233 |
0.14 |
Total thickness at 6 mm |
0.042 |
0.79 |
0.355 |
0.02 |
-0.043 |
0.79 |
0.523 |
<0.001 |
Total thickness at 11 mm |
0.150 |
0.34 |
0.281 |
0.07 |
0.051 |
0.73 |
0.431 |
0.005 |
Total height at 4 mm |
0.035 |
0.82 |
-0.208 |
0.19 |
0.132 |
0.41 |
0.293 |
0.03 |
Total height at 6 mm |
-0.012 |
0.94 |
-0.115 |
0.47 |
0.081 |
0.61 |
0.430 |
0.005 |
Comparison of the quantitative bone characteristics in IZC and MBS among Class I, II and III groups
|
|
M1mr |
|
|
|
M1dr |
|
|
|
M2mr |
|
|
|
|
|
M2dr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
|
post-hoc pvalue |
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
|
post-hoc p-value |
|
|
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
I-II |
II-III |
I-III |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
I-II |
II-III |
I-III |
IZC Thickness (rnrnļ |
Total_thick at 70° |
2.5 ± 1.5 |
3.5 ± 1.9 |
3 ± 2.1 |
NS |
2.6 ± 1.5 |
3.2 ± 1.7 |
2.9 ± 1.9 |
NS |
2.2 ± 1.3 |
3.3 ± 1.8 |
3 ± 1.5 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
NS |
NS |
2.4 ± 1.5 |
3.7 ± 1.9 |
3.3 ± 1.9 |
0.04 |
0.03 NS NS |
|
|
MBS Thickness (mm) |
Total thickness at 6 mm |
4.2 ± 3.2 |
2.6 ± 2 |
2.8 ± 2 |
NS |
5 ± 3.4 |
4 ± 3.1 |
4.4 ± 2.4 |
NS |
6.5 ± 2.2 |
5.8 ± 2.3 |
7.1 ± 1.9 |
NS |
|
7.5 ±2.3 |
7.2 ±2.3 |
8.5 ± 2 |
NS |
|
|
|
|
|
Total thickness at 11 mm |
5.2 ± 2.6 |
4.2 ± 2.6 |
5 ± 2.6 |
NS |
6.3 ± 3.1 |
6 ± 2.5 |
6.7 ± 1.8 |
NS |
7.2 ± 1.9 |
6.6 ± 2.4 |
7.9 ± l.6 |
NS |
|
8 ±2.2 |
7.4 ±2.4 |
8.6 ± 1.9 |
NS |
|
|
|
|
|
Total height at 4 mm |
18.4 ± 7.1 |
17.7 ± 9.7 |
17 ± 5.1 |
NS |
l9.9± 6.5 |
20 ± 7.7 |
19.6 ± 4 |
NS |
22.7 ± 2.9 |
19.8 ±7.3 |
20.1 ± 3.1 |
NS |
|
23.8 ± 2.9 |
20.9 ±6.l |
20.4 ± 2.9 |
0.01 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
NS |
|
|
Total height at 6 mm |
14.6 ± 7.4 |
15.3 ± 9.4 |
13.1 ± 6.7 |
NS |
16.5 ± 6.4 |
17.2 ± 8.5 |
17 ± 5.1 |
NS |
20.4 ± 3.6 |
17.6 ± 8.1 |
17.9 ± 3.9 |
NS |
|
22.1 ± 3.7 |
19 ± 7.6 |
19.7 ± 3.8 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
NS |
NS |
|
|
HU Value |
|
Class II |
Class I |
Class III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
mean ± sd |
p-value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maxilla |
681.7± 221.3 |
676 ± 185.6 |
728 ± 127.8 |
NS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mandible |
1187.5 ± 400.6 |
902.2 ± 473.3 |
902.7 ± 294.5 |
NS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|