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Energy-saving design of office buildings considering light environment and thermal environment

N. Ding
N. Ding
 et 
H. Guo
H. Guo
   | 14 mai 2021
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Publié en ligne: 14 mai 2021
Pages: 269 - 282
Reçu: 27 déc. 2021
Accepté: 11 avr. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2021.2.00004
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© 2021 N. Ding et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Schematic diagram of the surrounding environment of the project.
Schematic diagram of the surrounding environment of the project.

Fig. 2

Schematic diagram of building space.
Schematic diagram of building space.

Fig. 3

Grid elevation diagram of the building.
Grid elevation diagram of the building.

Fig. 4

Relationship between shading coefficient and minimum insulation thickness.
Relationship between shading coefficient and minimum insulation thickness.

Fig. 5

Relation between frames U value and minimum insulation thickness.
Relation between frames U value and minimum insulation thickness.

Fig. 6

Uniformity of illumination of the building.
Uniformity of illumination of the building.

Fig. 7

Average illumination of the building.
Average illumination of the building.

Fig. 8

Thermal discomfort of different glass materials.
Thermal discomfort of different glass materials.

Fig. 9

Comparison of illumination of each floor.
Comparison of illumination of each floor.

Fig. 10

Comparison of thermal discomfort of each floor.
Comparison of thermal discomfort of each floor.

Analysis of the influence of insulation thickness on energy consumption.

Insulation thickness (mm) Heating demand (kWh/(m2a)) Heating load (W/m2) Cooling demand (kWh/(m2a)) Cooling load (W/m2) Non-renewable primary energy demand (kWh/(m2a)) Primary energy renewable demand (kWh/(m2a))
150 2 8 27 9 59 33
140 3 8 27 9 61 34
130 3 8 27 9 62 34
120 4 9 27 9 63 35
110 4 9 28 10 65 36
100 5 10 28 10 67 37
90 6 11 28 10 70 38
80 7 11 29 11 74 41
70 9 12 29 11 78 44
69 9 12 29 11 79 44
68 9 13 29 11 79 45
67 10 13 29 11 80 45
66 10 13 29 11 80 45
65 10 13 30 11 81 46
64 10 13 30 11 82 46
63 10 13 30 11 82 47
62 11 13 30 11 83 47
61 11 13 30 11 84 47
60 11 14 30 12 84 48

Simulation parameters.

Type Glazing G value Glazing U value [W/(m2k)] Visible transmittance Frames U value [W/(m2k)] Minimum insulation thickness (mm)
No.1 0.54 1.07 0.57 0.6 114
No.2 0.42 0.97 0.48 0.6 86
No.3 0.51 0.92 0.73 0.6 95
No.4 0.32 0.89 0.42 0.6 76
No.5 0.3 0.88 0.61 0.6 74

Relation between U value of frames and minimum insulation thickness.

Frames U value Minimum insulation thickness (mm) Heating demand (kWh/(m2a)) Heating load (W/m2) Cooling demand (kWh/(m2a)) Coolingload (W/m2)
0.2 75 7 11 29 11
0.4 77 7 11 29 11
0.6 78 7 11 29 11
0.8 80 7 11 29 11
1 82 7 11 29 11

Parameter of glass and window.

Glass type Low-e type Glazing G value Glazing U value W/(m2*k) Visible transmittance Frames U value W/(m2*k)
triple glazing with two cavities 6 Low-E+9Ar(argon)+6+9Ar(argon)+6Low-E online + online, 0.54 1.07 0.57 0.6

U value of exterior walls, roofs and grounds.

Parameter Exterior wall Roof Ground
U value 0.262 0.244 0.242

Relationship between shading coefficient and minimum insulation thickness.

Shading coefficient (%) Minimum insulation thickness (mm) Heating demand (kWh/(m2a)) Heating load (W/m2) Cooling demand (kWh/(m2a)) Cooling load (W/m2)
0 66 10 13 29 11
2 68 9 13 29 11
4 70 9 12 29 11
6 72 9 12 29 11
8 75 8 12 29 11
10 77 8 12 29 11
12 80 7 11 29 11
14 84 7 11 29 11
16 88 6 11 29 11
18 93 6 10 29 11
20 99 5 10 29 11

Different glass materials and minimum insulation thickness.

glass type Low-e type glazing U value [W/(m2k)] glazing G value Visible transmittance Frames U value [W/(m2k)] Minimum insulation thickness (mm) Heating demand [kWh/(m2a)] Cooling demand [kWh/(m2a)]
Triple glazing with two cavities 6Low-E+ 9Ar(argon)+ 6+9Ar(argon) +6Low-E online + online, 1.07 0.54 0.57 0.6 114 7 29
0.7 115 7 29
0.8 117 7 29
single silver + single silver 0.97 0.42 0.48 0.6 86 11 29
0.7 87 11 29
0.8 88 11 29
0.92 0.51 0.73 0.6 95 8 29
0.7 96 8 29
0.8 98 8 29
double silver + double silver 0.89 0.32 0.42 0.6 76 13 29
0.7 76 13 29
0.8 77 13 29
triple silver + single silver 0.88 0.3 0.61 0.6 74 14 29
0.7 75 14 29
0.8 76 14 29
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