Stability analysis and protection design of mountain gas pipeline gabion retaining wall based on multi-objective optimization algorithm
26 sept. 2025
À propos de cet article
Publié en ligne: 26 sept. 2025
Reçu: 17 janv. 2025
Accepté: 11 mai 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-1070
Mots clés
© 2025 Zibin Li, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Optimized results of different internal friction Angle
Design variable | Parameter | Unit | Internal friction Angle (°) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | |||
Top of the wall | w | m | 0.101 | 0.213 | 0.275 | 0.158 |
Toe plate | B1 | m | 0.307 | 0.308 | 0.307 | 0.307 |
Wall bottom | B2 | m | 0.307 | 0.308 | 0.307 | 0.307 |
Heel plate | B3 | m | 1.485 | 1.485 | 1.485 | 1.487 |
Floor thickness | D | m | 0.099 | 0.099 | 0.098 | 0.099 |
The area of the wall is reinforced | A1 | mm2 | 847.985 | 680.981 | 540.009 | 421.978 |
The area of the cross section of the toe plate | A2 | mm2 | 119.996 | 106 | 93.961 | 64.004 |
The area of the section of the heel plate | A3 | mm2 | 669.995 | 521.99 | 397.004 | 293.016 |
The ratio of the length of the non-pass long tendon to the length of the tube | N | - | 0.244 | 0.232 | 0.241 | 0.238 |
Minimum cost | Costmin | Yuan | 1621.003 | 1606.995 | 1594.008 | 1584.008 |
The results were optimized in different soil and heavy γs
Design variable | Parameter | Unit | Weight γs (kg/m3) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | |||
Top | w | m | 0.1258 | 0.1287 | 0.1254 | 0.1193 |
Toe plate | B1 | m | 0.307 | 0.308 | 0.307 | 0.307 |
Wall bottom | B2 | m | 0.307 | 0.308 | 0.307 | 0.307 |
Heel plate | B3 | m | 1.485 | 1.485 | 1.485 | 1.487 |
Floor thickness | D | m | 0.101 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.101 |
The area of the wall is reinforced | A1 | mm2 | 784.502 | 844.573 | 948.643 | 1012.076 |
The area of the cross section of the toe plate | A2 | mm2 | 111.814 | 118.745 | 133.74 | 137.888 |
The area of the section of the heel plate | A3 | mm2 | 618.706 | 666.408 | 750.719 | 801.709 |
The ratio of the length of the non-pass long tendon to the length of the tube | N | - | 0.2438 | 0.2435 | 0.2307 | 0.2321 |
Minimum cost | Costmin | Yuan | 1614.331 | 1624.044 | 1631.258 | 1636.547 |
The results of the sensitivity of each parameter
Parameter name | The absolute value of the KC |
---|---|
Effective internal friction Angle φ | 1.23317 |
Surface load Pk | 1.154368 |
Soil fill γs | 1.481067 |
Base friction coefficient f | 0.896541 |