With the deepening of higher vocational English teaching research and the continuous advancement of reform, this paper combines in-depth learning with higher vocational English teaching and makes an in-depth study of higher vocational English teaching practice based on in-depth learning theory and learning theory. First of all, the paper expounds on the concept of higher vocational English teaching and the research of English teaching. Explain the related concepts of psychological factors and the composition of psychological factors, then describe the model of in-depth learning, elaborate the related algorithms of in-depth learning optimization methods and the functions of various data of in-depth learning-related research, and finally, based on in-depth learning, explain the psychological factors of teachers and students in higher vocational English teaching. It reflects the importance of psychological factors in higher vocational English teaching. With the development of in-depth learning, we should apply in-depth learning to higher vocational English teaching and optimize the teaching mode of in-depth learning reasonably, including formulating comprehensive higher vocational English teaching objectives, adjusting students' psychological status reasonably, and carrying out cooperative learning.