Peak | Retention Time (min) | Quantity in the sample (%) | Name ARDAHAN | Retention Time (min.) | Quantity in the sample (%) | Name ERZURUM | ج |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7.41 | 0.70 | Benzyl alcohol | 8.43 | 1.59 | 2-Phenylethanol (Benzeneethanol) | ||
8.13 | 1.18 | Guaiacol | 9.28 | 1.35 | 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (pyrocatechol) | ||
9.02 | 3.85 | Benzoic acid | 9.52 | 0.62 | 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (coumaran) | ||
9.53 | 7.64 | 2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran (coumaran) | 15.61 | 0.73 | 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid (cinnamylidene acetic acid) | ||
10.71 | 19.15 | 4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene ( |
18.35 | 2.71 | 3-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid (isoferulic acid) | ||
11.64 | 0.61 | Iso-vanillin or vanillin | 18.89 | 0.74 | Palmitic acid | ||
15.91 | 0.60 | β-caryophyllene | 20.41 | 1.02 | 2-nonadecanone | ||
16.77 | 2.25 | Benzylbenzoate | 20.73 | 1.03 | Elaidic acid | ||
17.39 | 1.11 | [1S,3S,(+)]-l-methyl-3-isopropenyl-4- cyclohexene | 21.95 | 1.48 | Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate ( |
||
20.54 | 13.22 | Benzyl cinnamate | 22.08 | 0.82 | 4-hydroxy-3- methoxycinnamic acid (ferulic acid) | ||
22.19 | 1.70 | Tricosane or eicosane | 22.19 | 2.14 | Tricosane or eicosane or |
||
23.34 | 0.59 | Corydaldme | 23.11 | 2.89 | 5-methylisophthalic acid | ||
23.57 | 0.79 | 6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbaldehyde (6-metlioxy piperonal) | 23.62 | 1.73 | 1,2-dimethylcyclopropene | ||
23.78 | 1.42 | (E)-l-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenylprop-2-en-l-on (pinostrobin chalcone) | 23.82 | 9.64 | (E)-l-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (pinostrobin chalcone) | ||
24.26 | 3.06 | Pentacosane or eicosane | 24.27 | 2.14 | Pentacosane | ||
24.43 | 5.29 | Benzyl 4-acetylbenzoate | 24.79 | 20.74 | Pinocembrin | ||
24.75 | 9.42 | Pinocembrin | 26.45 | 5.31 | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (tectochrysin) | ||
25.83 | 9.52 | 2,5-bis dimethylanino-3,9-dimethyl-3H-1,3,4,6-tetrasacyclopentazulene | 27.02 | 3.38 | Eicosane | ||
26.40 | 0.72 | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (tectochrysin) | 27.34 | 10.02 | Naringenin or chrysophanic acid | ||
27.01 | 4.94 | Eicosane or heptacosane | 27.85 | 11.98 | Chrysin | ||
27.27 | 1.23 | Naringenin or chrysophanic acid | 28.44 | 0.93 | 4',5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (an apigenin derivative) | ||
27.74 | 2.68 | Chrysin | 28.76 | 6.92 | Galangin | ||
28.67 | 0.77 | Galangin | 29.20 | 0.94 | Sakuranetin | ||
29.18 | 1.11 | Sakuranetin | |||||
31.03 | 0.94 | Nonacosane | |||||
33.64 | 0.83 | 7,3',4'-trmethoxyflavone |
Ardahan | Erzurum | |
---|---|---|
Total flavonoid content (μg quercetin equivalent of total flavonoids/g) | 591.5±26.2 |
271.7±2.9 |
Total phenolic content (mg gallic acid equivalent/g) | 235.5±5.3 |
131.3±3.1 |
DPPH (% of control) | 94.9±0.3 |
94.6±0.7 |
FRAP (μM FeSO4 equivalent/g) | 4017.7±16.4 |
3813.2±3.6 |
Element | Ardahan (mg/kg) | Erzurum (mg/kg) |
---|---|---|
Co | 0.14±0.04 |
0.25±0.06 |
Se | 0.038±0.016 | 0.025±0.006 |
Li | 0.20±0.04 | 0.22±0.04 |
Cd | 0.005±0.006 | 0.004±0.004 |
As | 0.13±0.02 |
0.22±0.049 |
Cr | 0.98±0.22 |
1.39±0.18 |
Ni | 1.08±0.23 | 1.53±0.34 |
Pb | 0.83±0.19 | 0.97±0.19 |
Cu | 2.45±0.16 | 2.01±0.79 |
Ca | 269.42±51.83 |
428.97±76.28 |
Mg | 376.17±85.91 | 560.21±171.45 |
K | 1156.06±278.58 | 2607.36±1468.87 |
Mn | 5.297±0.71 | 7.47±3.27 |
Na | 193.19±15.34 | 203.47±9.58 |
Zn | 30.05±7.30 | 41.77±19.65 |
Fe | 428.51±77.75 | 507.62±287.13 |
Al | 408.46±88.17 | 406.86±202.20 |
% of total mass | % of total mass | |
N | 0.42±0.09 | 0.35±0.02 |
C | 66.84±1.38 | 64.06±6.38 |
S | ND | ND |
Ardahan (μg/g dry weight) | Erzurum (μg/g dry weight) | |
---|---|---|
Vitamin C | 40.31±2.97 |
16.18±1.48 |
Fructose | 1.58±0.30 |
0.86±0.18 |
Glucose | 0.98±0.20 |
0.39±0.05 |
Sucrose | 0.15±0.04 |
0.69±0.19 |
Fatty Acid | Retention time (min) | Ardahan (%) | Erzurum (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Caproic acid | 6.54 | – | 8.85 |
Caprylic acid | 9.24 | 0.26 | – |
Decanoic acid (capric acid) | 13.85 | 1.14–1.47 | 0.08 |
Undecanoic acid | 17.80 | 0.67 | – |
Dodecanoic acid (lauric acid) | 21.53 | 24.39–36.95 | 49.62–54.27 |
Tridecanoic acid | 25.38 | 5.00–6.59 | 6.29–8.10 |
Tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) | 30.81 | 4.68–5.86 | 8.66 |
Pentadecanoic acid | 34.13 | 6.97–8.85 | – |
Hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) | 36.89 | 0.84–0.89 | 1.53 |
Heptadecanoic acid (margaric acid) | 41.10 | 1.03–1.64 | 0.54–1.12 |
Octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) | 44.19 | 1.86 | 1.48–2.12 |
Eicosanoic acid (arachidic acid) | 49.47 | – | 3.13–4.43 |
Heneicosanoic acid | 54.98 | 1.21 | 1.57–2.05 |
Docosanoic acid (behenic acid) | 56.66 | 0.54 | 0.78–1.35 |
Tricosanoic acid | 59.78 | 0.31–2.44 | 0.26 |
Lignoceric acid | 62.16 | 0.45–0.57 | 0.22–0.45 |
9-tetradecenoic acid (myristoleic acid) | 32.80 | – | 0.49 |
36.57 | 3.36–4.70 | 0.88–1.69 | |
39.52 | 1.48–2.61 | 0.32–2.83 | |
42.58 | 3.18–3.35 | – | |
45.97 | – | 0.59–1.73 | |
46.98 | 1.75–1.92 | 0.56–1.15 | |
51.98 | 1.14 | 1.61–2.28 | |
57.64 | 0.66 | – | |
65.02 | 0.54–0.79 | 0.16–0.26 | |
9,12-octadecadienoic acid (linolelaidic acid) | 47.80 | – | 1.04–1.09 |
Linoleic acid | 48.20 | 1.42–1.89 | 7.89–11.46 |
Gamma-linolenic acid | 50.96 | 0.61–1.26 | 1.10–1.39 |
Linolenic acid | 53.33 | 0.65–0.79 | 0.14–0.28 |
55.09 | 1.44 | 0.26 | |
57.22 | 16.30–22.14 | 0.16 | |
58.10 | 2.00–2.14 | 1.04 | |
59.28 | 0.94–2.69 | 0.66–0.92 | |
60.93 | 0.65–0.72 | – | |
64.00 | 0.79–2.16 | 0.07–0.40 | |
66.92 | 0.60–0.75 | 0.22–0.45 | |
Microorganism | Ardahan (μg/mL) | Erzurum (μg/mL) |
---|---|---|
30.71 | 43.37 | |
30.71 | 43.37 | |
30.71 | 43.37 |
TBARS (nmol/mL) | ||
---|---|---|
Control | 0.40±0.02 |
|
Solvent control | 0.41±0.02 |
|
MMC (0.74 μmol/L) | 0.40±0.05 |
|
Propolis + MMC | Ardahan | Erzurum |
32.5 μg/mL | 0.03±0.02 |
0.03±0.02 |
65 μg/mL | 0.10±0.02 |
0.05±0.01 |
125 μg/mL | 0.06±0.02 |
0.07±0.02 |
250 μg/mL | 0.09±0.01 |
0.10±0.03 |
500 μg/mL | 0.15±0.04 |
0.16±0.04 |
Cell viability (% of control) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ardahan | Erzurum | |||
24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | |
Control | 100.0±0.0 |
100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 |
Solvent control | 97.3±1.3 |
102.2±8.5 | 96.5±13.3 | 89.8±14.9 |
MMC (0.74 μmol/L) | 97.3±2.6 |
97.7±1.2 | 92.4±13.4 | 89.1±14.0 |
62.5 μg/mL | 98.0±2.8 |
102.8±11.4 | 99.7±13.5 | 93.9±13.9 |
125 μg/mL | 102.9±5.7 |
105.2±7.9 | 104.0±19.6 | 100.7±19.5 |
250 μg/mL | 107.0±1.8 |
102.9±2.1 | 118.1±17.8 | 113.3±20.3 |
500 μg/mL | 116.5±6.6 |
108.8±3.9 | 139.9±22.5 | 127.0±20.0 |
62.5 μg/mL+MMC | 99.5±3.2 |
101.1±7.7 | 98.9±19.2 | 94.7±16.7 |
125 μg/mL+MMC | 99.6±1.9 |
99.3±7.6 | 116.4±41.1 | 109.1±10.3 |
250 μg/mL+MMC | 100.5±6.1 |
101.6±6.0 | 117.2±16.2 | 119.6±11.7 |
500 μg/mL+MMC | 112.5±2.8 |
113.0±5.5 | 138.9±23.8 | 133.5±19.6 |
Phenolic acids | Ardahan (mg/kg) | Erzurum (mg/kg) |
---|---|---|
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid) | ND | ND |
4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (vanillic acid) | ND | ND |
3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (caffeic acid) | 0.033 | 0.046 |
4-hydroxycinnamic acid ( |
0.042 | 0.008 |
4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamic acid (sinapic acid) | ND | ND |
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid ( |
0.079 | 0.005 |
Quercetin | 0.018 | 0.054 |
Benzoic acid | ND | ND |
2,4-hexadienoic acid (sorbic acid) | ND | ND |
Naringenin | ND | ND |
Myricetin | ND | ND |
Ardahan | (in millimetres) | Erzurum | (in millimetres) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microorganism | 50 μg | 100 μg | 150 μg | 50 μg | 100 Mg | 150 μg | Gen | Amp | Ery | Pen |
8.07±1.22 | 9.00±1.29 | 9.38±1.28 | 7.94±0.36 | 8.52±0.47 | 9.56±0.97 | 24.25±1.20 | 9.22±0.67 | 31.64±1.56 | 9.62±0.36 | |
8.10±0.23 | 10.84±2.36 | 12.46±3.42 | - | 8.90±1.41 | 9.80±1.11 | 23.83±0.15 | 10.68±1.03 | 30.99±0.70 | 10.54±1.22 | |
7.52±0.49 | 9.44±0.59 | 11.96±1.22 | - | 7.72±0.80 | 9.16±1.20 | 24.73±1.41 | 10.03±0.78 | 31.07±1.19 | 10.35±0.50 | |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 28.02±0.11 | 13.92±0.68 | 26.83±0.79 | 13.92±0.94 | |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |