How do High-Rise Buildings Affect the Mental Image of Users? Case Study: Seljuk Tower in Konya
Navid Khaleghimoghaddam
Konya Food and Agriculture University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Interior ArchitectureKonya, Turkey
Profil OrcidRecherchez cet auteur sur
20 oct. 2023
À propos de cet article
Publié en ligne: 20 oct. 2023
Pages: 21 - 30
Reçu: 10 mai 2023
Accepté: 12 sept. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0030
Mots clés
© 2023 Navid Khaleghimoghaddam, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1.
![The conceptual model of study [Source: Author]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6532478bd5e1060ee4c74a84/j_acee-2023-0030_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250906%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250906T054515Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=5f71ded6b28eaf9ca2a8002784335d92571c313b64d8d2796cd4c502e0d4b7cf&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.
![First row: the location of Konya [Source: satellites.pro/Google_plan/Konya map]; The second row: the location of the case study in the city [Source: Google maps]; The third and fourth row: Case study photos [Source: Author]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6532478bd5e1060ee4c74a84/j_acee-2023-0030_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250906%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250906T054515Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=6dbcfbbe175d21b73c2d89eba5510245093947ad0f1e259af4d6f88c4aed5435&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3.
![Scattering of answers in response to the question: A) How do you rate the beauty of the tower form? And B) How new and innovative is the form of the tower in your opinion? [Source: Author]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6532478bd5e1060ee4c74a84/j_acee-2023-0030_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250906%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250906T054515Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=6f4f8545d6e7f5715018783f5f1ac3776fe2ef04240d34efaed2d0bba7948844&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4.
![Scattering of answers in response to the question: A) How suitable is the using composite and glass for the facade of this building? And B) To what extent does standing next to the tower give you a pleasant feeling? [Source: Author]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6532478bd5e1060ee4c74a84/j_acee-2023-0030_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250906%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250906T054515Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=57e2e9d381e9f7235f72b7bc01b2f23b30cf1c9d57f08e6fbf004115a90f0f48&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5.
![A) What extent does the height of the tower match the surrounding environment? And B) to what extent has the tower distinguished itself from the surrounding environment due to its height? [Source: Author]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6532478bd5e1060ee4c74a84/j_acee-2023-0030_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250906%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250906T054515Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=116ed8189e9ae3a07728a928924ad883707b6dfbb7afa361030a15ab543c0e29&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
The relationship between users’ interest in the tower and its physical characteristics in the city context [Source: Author]
| Variable | Correlation Coefficient | Significance Level |
|---|---|---|
| The sense of pleasure when facing the tower | 0.591 | 0.000 |
| Newness and innovations in the form of the tower | 0.512 | 0.000 |
| The pleasantness of the materials used in the facade | 0.421 | 0.001 |
| The pleasantness of the tower's location in the city centre | 0.311 | 0.000 |
The relationship between the beauty of the tower's form and its physical characteristics [Source: Author]
| Variable | Correlation Coefficient | Significance Level |
|---|---|---|
| The sense of pleasure when facing the tower | 0.587 | 0.001 |
| Distinguishing the tower's form in the city context | 0.494 | 0.001 |
| Newness and innovations in the form of the tower | 0.449 | 0.000 |
| The pleasantness of the materials used in the facade | 0.310 | 0.000 |
| The pleasantness of the tower's location in the city centre | 0.214 | 0.001 |
Frequency distribution by gender of participants [Source: Author]
| Participants | Education Degree | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High school | Associate | Bachelor | Master | Post Graduate | |||
| Gender | Male | 13 |
24 |
40 |
17 |
9 |
103 |
| Female | 19 |
13 |
67 |
11 |
4 |
114 |
|
| Total | 32 |
37 |
107 |
28 |
13 |
217 |
|
A sample t-test of affective, cognitive, interpretative, and evaluative dimensions [Source: Author]
| Dimension | N | Mean Value | Average | SD | T | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affective | 217 | 3 | 4.49 | 0.63 | 17.87 | 0.001 |
| Cognitive | 217 | 3 | 4.01 | 0.49 | 15.63 | 0.001 |
| Evaluative | 217 | 3 | 3.46 | 0.51 | 18.07 | 0.001 |
| Interpretative | 217 | 3 | 3.09 | 0.78 | 16.35 | 0.001 |