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Energy-Active Shadow Structures in Single-Family Buildings – Application Possibilities and Architectural Conditions

Barbara Uherek-Bradecka

Barbara Uherek-Bradecka

Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Construction and Applied Arts, ArchitectureKatowice, Poland
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Uherek-Bradecka, Barbara
, 
Maciej Rozpondek

Maciej Rozpondek

Academy of Silesia, Katowice, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Construction and Applied Arts, Civil ConstructionKatowice, Poland
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Rozpondek, Maciej
 et 
Grzegorz Kasprzyk

Grzegorz Kasprzyk

Takt Sp. z o.o. Company, Main Power EngineerBolesław, Poland
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Kasprzyk, Grzegorz
  
20 juil. 2023
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Publié en ligne: 20 juil. 2023
Pages: 65 - 80
Reçu: 25 mai 2022
Accepté: 19 juin 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0016
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© 2023 Barbara Uherek-Bradecka et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Calculation of seasonal heat demand factor for a residential and commercial building – own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [18]: (Te – design external temperature [°C], Sd – heating degree days [K·d])
Calculation of seasonal heat demand factor for a residential and commercial building – own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [18]: (Te – design external temperature [°C], Sd – heating degree days [K·d])

Figure 2.

Principles and methods of designing low-energy buildings; own study M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [22]
Principles and methods of designing low-energy buildings; own study M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [22]

Figure 3.

A diagram of solar energy conversion to electricity and heat in PVT hybrid solar panels with support of RSP rollable solar panels and central heating and hot water system using a heat pump and back-up pulse gas boiler; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk
A diagram of solar energy conversion to electricity and heat in PVT hybrid solar panels with support of RSP rollable solar panels and central heating and hot water system using a heat pump and back-up pulse gas boiler; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk

Figure 4.

Process diagram of the power generation system - ON GRID with energy storage using PVT hybrid solar panels and RSP rollable solar panels; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk
Process diagram of the power generation system - ON GRID with energy storage using PVT hybrid solar panels and RSP rollable solar panels; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk

Figure 5.

An example process diagram for a system of electricity, heat and cooling production using a dual-circuit heat pump and PVT-HP hybrid photovoltaic collectors, supported by a ground exchanger, a recuperator and rollable solar panels; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk
An example process diagram for a system of electricity, heat and cooling production using a dual-circuit heat pump and PVT-HP hybrid photovoltaic collectors, supported by a ground exchanger, a recuperator and rollable solar panels; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk

Figure 6.

Examples of installation parameters of a rollable solar unit – in the structure of a mobile, energy-active shadow; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk
Examples of installation parameters of a rollable solar unit – in the structure of a mobile, energy-active shadow; own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk

Figure 7.

Comprehensive control system for access, utilities, power generation, and equipment of a smart residential home – own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [46]
Comprehensive control system for access, utilities, power generation, and equipment of a smart residential home – own study by M. Rozpondek and G. Kasprzyk based on [46]

Figure 8.

Model of building, scale 1:50, in an actual location with a visible range of sun penetration in interior; personal photograph by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka, 2018
Model of building, scale 1:50, in an actual location with a visible range of sun penetration in interior; personal photograph by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka, 2018

Figure 9.

Application of an energy active shading plane in a building with a gable roof: a – solution with continuation of the slope and optimum slope angle, b – with the change of the slope angle and deterioration of the active shading parameters, but in accordance with trends and aesthetics; own study by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka
Application of an energy active shading plane in a building with a gable roof: a – solution with continuation of the slope and optimum slope angle, b – with the change of the slope angle and deterioration of the active shading parameters, but in accordance with trends and aesthetics; own study by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka

Figure 10.

Solid solutions of author's architectural designs with various forms of energy active shading coatings; study by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka
Solid solutions of author's architectural designs with various forms of energy active shading coatings; study by Barbara Uherek-Bradecka

Comparison of final energy consumption in the residential sector by purpose in 2019 – own study based on [27]

Purpose Share in final energy consumption, %.
EU-28 Poland
Heating 63.6 63.2
Water heating 14.8 17.3
Lighting and devices 14.1 10.6
Cooking 6.1 8.9
Space cooling 0.4 0.0
Other end uses 1.0 0.0
Total 100.0 100,0

Share of carriers in energy consumption in heating of residential buildings in EU-28 and in Poland in 2017 and in 2019* [27]

Countries Shares of carriers in energy consumption for heating of residential buildings
Electricity Heat delivered Gas Solid fuels Oil and petroleum products RES and waste
EU-28 5.45.3* 9.510.1* 43.038.0* 4.84.2* 14.014.5* 23.427.9*
Poland 0.91.0* 20.821.0* 15.116.7* 44.640.2* 0.70.7* 18.020.4*

Shares of energy carriers in central heating and hot water installations in Poland in single-family buildings [32]

Installation Shares of energy carriers in installations
coal biomass natural gas electricity solar energy heating oil
central heating 51 20 27 - - 2
hot water 22 15 40 14 9 -
Langue:
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Sujets de la revue:
Architecture et design, Architecture, Architectes, bâtiments
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