Sample | Proximate Analysis (Wt. % db) | Ultimate Analysis (Wt. % db) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moisture content | Volatile matters | Fixed carbon |
Ash | C | H | O |
N | S | |
PMSW | 11.54 | 72.28 | 5.8 | 10.38 | 59.86 | 6.13 | 32.39 | 0.61 | 1.01 |
Regime | Heating rate (°C/min) | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Stage 4 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti (°C) | Tmax (°C) | Tf (°C) | Ti (°C) | Tmax (°C) | Tf (°C) | Ti (°C) | Tmax (°C) | Tf (°C) | Ti (°C) | Tmax (°C) | Tf (°C) | ||
Pyrolysis | 5 | 50 | 113 | 180 | 230 | 334 | 360 | 360 | 419 | 500 | 605 | 652 | 690 |
15 | 50 | 133 | 182 | 230 | 438 | 515 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Representative species | Ion fragments | m/z ratio |
---|---|---|
Hydrogen | H2+ | 2 |
Methane | CH3+ | 15 |
Water | H2O+ | 18 |
Carbon monoxide | CO+ | 28 |
Ethane | C2H+2 | 28 |
Argon | Ar+ | 40 |
Carbon dioxide | CO2+ | 44 |
Environment | Heating rate (°C/min) | Conversion degree (α) | Activation energy (kJmol−1) | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pyrolysis | 5 | 5 | 26.2165 | 0.9972 |
10 | 266.1419 | 0.9722 | ||
15 | 122.3063 | 0.9967 | ||
20 | 154.2912 | 0.9839 | ||
25 | 154.6809 | 0.9849 | ||
30 | 150.212 | 0.9941 | ||
35 | 142.1621 | 0.9932 | ||
15 | 5 | 24.89866 | 0.9983 | |
10 | 263.3126 | 0.9701 | ||
15 | 118.488 | 0.9949 | ||
20 | 150.2019 | 0.9811 | ||
25 | 150.4602 | 0.9935 | ||
30 | 145.8795 | 0.9922 | ||
35 | 137.6665 | 0.9917 |