Wang et al. 20158 | 30.3% of the participants had heard of HPV and 12.4% of them had heard of HPV vaccine | Concerns about safety efficacy and source of HPV vaccine Cost | vaccine safety is assured and the cost is reasonable or subsidized by the government |
Wong et al. 20099 | 89% of the participants did not know that HPV infection could cause cervical cancer | Age Having had sexual intercourse Beliefs regarding the effectiveness of vaccination | More targeted sexual health education Solving the potential “unknown” side effects of the vaccine by health providers |
Kwan et al. 200810 | No participant had any knowledge about HPV Over half of the participants had heard of vaccination but no one could provide any details | High monetary cost Uncertain length of vaccine effectiveness Low perceived risk of HPV infection Anticipated family disapproval Fear of the pain of injection | Providing professional information on HPV vaccination Raising perceived need to take preventive measures against HPV infection |
Yu et al. 201611 | 19.3% of the participants had heard of HPV 26.5% of them expressed willingness to vaccination | Age Education occupation household income Knowledge level | Appropriate health education Reasonable price |
Chiang et al. 201612 | 69.6% of the participants intended to get vaccinated | Knowledge Cost | More aggressive education and promotion activities on HPV and HPV vaccination |
Chang et al. 201313 | 22.7% of the participants had heard of HPV | Vaccine’s safety Efficacy Limited use | Incorporation of lecture-based education initiative into a government-sponsored or school-based program |
Kwan et al. 200914 | About 38% of the participants had heard of HPV 50% of them had heard of vaccination against cervical cancer | Misconceptions A grossly inadequate knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccination | Culturally sensitive and tailored education for the public |
Hsu et al. 200915 | Over 50% of the participants were aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine 63% of them reported a high intention to obtain the HPV vaccine | Demographic factors Health belief factors predicted HPV vaccination | Educational campaigns focusing on the efficacy safety and benefits of the HPV vaccine |
Li et al. 200916 | Only 15.0% of the participants had heard of HPV and this knowledge differs between rural (9.3%) and metropolitan areas (21.6%) 84.6% of the participants were willing to be vaccinated | Lack of knowledge Doubts on the source of the HPV vaccine Safety | Public health campaign Government buy-in with commitment of resources Affordable vaccines Establishment of a health infrastructure |
Wang et al. 201617 | Half of the participants had heard of HPV 78% of the participants reported a high intention regarding HPV vaccination | Family history of gynecological tumors Awareness | Recommendations by physicians and nurses |
Feng et al. 201218 | 39.1% of women in urban areas and 27.1% in rural areas had heard of HPV 23.7% and 15.1%, respectively, had heard of the HPV vaccine | Inadequate knowledge Misconceptions about HPV | Education campaigns targeting different populations |
Li et al. 200819 | 30.7% of the participants had heard of HPV. 51.78% of them knew that HPV infection was related to cervical cancer | Age Educational level HPV vaccine’s safety and efficacy | Public health education |
Yan et al. 201320 | 94.29% of the participants did not know about HPV at all but 94.23% of them would like to take HPV vaccine | Lack of perceived risk of cervical cancer | Spreading HPV and cervical cancer-related knowledge Improving quality of life essentially |
Wang et al. 201421 | 27.6% participants had heard of HPV and 17.6% of them had heard of vaccine 82.0% of them would like to take HPV vaccine | Occupation Degree of education Family income | HPV health education especially for low level of education of farmers and workers housewives and low-income groups |
Zhou et al. 201122 | Only 11.8% of the participants had heard of HPV 25% of them had heard of vaccine | HPV vaccine’s safety and efficacy Cost | Public health education Improving scope of effective medical insurance |
Zhao et al. 201023 | 20.6% of the participants had heard of HPV | Low perception of HPV infection Vaccine’s limited use Source of HPV vaccine | Health education at all levels |
Wang et al. 201524 | 46.1% of the participants had heard of HPV. 28.8% of them had heard of vaccine 66.0% of participants were willing to vaccination | Safety of HPV vaccine Vaccine’s limited use in China Price of HPV vaccine | Targeted education on HPV and HPV vaccination |
Su et al. 201625 | 32.5% of the women had ever heard of HPV 76.0% of the participants showed willingness to accept HPV vaccination | Concerns on HPV infection Occupation Degree of education | Strengthening public health education Disseminating information about HPV vaccine |
Ayizuoremu et al. 201526 | The awareness rates of cervical cancer HPV and HPV vaccine were 25.0% 8.0% and 4.0% among Uygur women and 35.0% 19.0% and 7.0% among Han women | Educational level | The popularization of knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccination |