Chemical Methods for Determination of Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Biological Material

Itoh N, Tao H, Ibusuki T. Optimization of aqueous acetylation for determination of hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2005;535:243-50.10.1016/j.aca.2004.12.002Search in Google Scholar

Haritash AK, Kaushik CP. Biodegradation aspects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): A review. J Hazard Mater 2009;169:1-15.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.137Search in Google Scholar

Li Z, Sandau CD, Romanoff LC, Caudill SP, Sjodin A, Needham LL, Patterson Jr. DG. Concentration and profile of 22 urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in the US population. Environ Res 2008;107:320-31.10.1016/j.envres.2008.01.013Search in Google Scholar

Strickland P, Kang D, Sithisarankul P. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in urine as biomarkers of exposure and effect. Environ Health Perspect 1996;104:927-32.Search in Google Scholar

Onyemauwa F, Rappaport SM, Sobus JR, Gajdošova D, Wu R, Waidyanatha S. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine. J Chromatogr B 2009;877:1117-25.10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.02.067Search in Google Scholar

De Voogt P, Brinkman UATh. Production, properties and usage of polychlorinated biphenyls. U: Kimbrough RD, Jensen AA, urednici. Halogenated biphenyls, terphenyls, naphtalenes, dibenzodioxins and related products. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1989. str. 3-45.10.1016/B978-0-444-81029-8.50005-9Search in Google Scholar

Danse IR, Jaeger RJ, Kava R, Kroger M, London WM, Lu FC, Maickel RP, McKetta JJ, Newell GW, Shindell S, Stare FJ, Whelan EM. Position paper of the American Council on Science and Health: Public health concerns about environmental polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 1997;38:71-84.10.1006/eesa.1997.1565Search in Google Scholar

Kania-Korwel I, Zhao H, Norstrom K, Li X, Hornbuckle KC, Lehmler H-J. Simultaneous extraction and clean-up of polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites from small tissue samples using pressurized liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2008;1214:37-46.10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.089Search in Google Scholar

Borlakoglu JT, Haegele KD. Comparative aspects on the bioaccumulation, metabolism and toxicity with PCBs. Comp Biochem Physiol 1991;3:327-38.Search in Google Scholar

Weiss B. Pesticides as a source of developmental disabilities. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 1997;3:246-56.10.1002/(SICI)1098-2779(1997)3:3<246::AID-MRDD5>3.0.CO;2-NSearch in Google Scholar

Amorim LCA, Dimandja J-M, de Lourdes Cardeal Z. Analysis of hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. J Chromatogr A 2009;1216:2900-4.10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.012Search in Google Scholar

Van de Wiele TR, Peru KM, Verstraete W, Siciliano SD, Headley JV. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, formed in a simulator of the human gastrointestinal tract. J Chromatogr B 2004;806:245-53.10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.04.001Search in Google Scholar

Johnson-Restrepo B, Olivero-Verbel J, Lu S, Guette-Fernández J, Baldiris-Avila R, O'Byrne-Hoyos I, Aldous KM, Addink R, Kannan K. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their hydroxylated metabolites in fish bile and sediments from coastal waters of Colombia. Environ Pollut 2008;151:452-9.10.1016/j.envpol.2007.04.011Search in Google Scholar

Vuorinen PJ, Keinänen M, Vuontisjärvi H, Baršien J, Broeg K, Förlin L, Gercken J, Kopecka J, Köhler A, Parkkonen J, Pempkowiak J, Schiedek D. Use of biliary PAH metabolites as a biomarker of pollution in fish from the Baltic Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2006;53:479-87.10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.11.020Search in Google Scholar

Fernandez MF, Kiviranta H, Molina-Molina JM, Laine O, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Vartiainen T, Olea N. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hydroxy-PCBs in adipose tissue of women in Southeast Spain. Chemosphere 2008;71:1196-205.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.09.064Search in Google Scholar

Park J-S, Kalantzi OI, Kopec D, Petreas M. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (OHPCBs) in livers of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from San Francisco Bay, California and Gulf of Maine. Mar Environ Res 2009;67:129-35.10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.12.003Search in Google Scholar

Haraguchi K, Koga N, Kato Y. Comparative metabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls and tissue distribution of persistent metabolites in rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs. Drug Metab Dispos 2004;33:373-80.10.1124/dmd.104.002444Search in Google Scholar

Letcher RJ, Gebbink WA, Sonne C, Born EW, McKinney MA, Dietz R. Bioaccumulation and biotransformation of brominated and chlorinated contaminants and their metabolites in ringed seals (Pusa hispida) and polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from East Greenland. Environ Int 2009;35:1118-24.10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.006Search in Google Scholar

Bennett ER, Ross PS, Huff D, Alaee M, Letcher RJ. Chlorinated and brominated organic contaminants and metabolites in the plasma and diet of a captive killer whale (Orcinus orca). Mar Pollut Bull 2009;58:1078-95.10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.05.005Search in Google Scholar

Schummer C, Appenzeller BMR, Millet M, Wennig R. Determination of hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human hair by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009;1216:6012-9.10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.068Search in Google Scholar

Jongeneelen FJ. Methods for routine biological monitoring of carcinogenic PAH-mixtures. Sci Total Environ 1997;199:141-9.10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00064-8Search in Google Scholar

Lee C-K, Cho S-H, Kang J-W, Lee S-J, Ju Y-S, Sung J, Strickland PT, Kang D. Comparison of three analytical methods for 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide in urine after non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Toxicol Lett 1999;108:209-15.10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00091-0Search in Google Scholar

Singh R, Tucek M, Maxa K, Tenglerova J, Weyand EH. A rapid and simple method for the analysis of 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide - a potential biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. Carcinogenesis 1995;16:2909-15.10.1093/carcin/16.12.2909Search in Google Scholar

Chetiyanukornkul T, Toriba A, Kameda T, Tang N, Hayakawa K. Simultaneous determination of urinary hydroxylated metabolites of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene as multiple biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006;386:712-8.10.1007/s00216-006-0628-6Search in Google Scholar

Hollender J, Koch B, Dott W. Biomonitoring of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure by simultaneous measurement of urinary phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxides. J Chromatogr B 2000;739:225-9.10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00470-3Search in Google Scholar

Smith CJ, Walcott CJ, Huang W, Maggio V, Grainger J, Patterson Jr. DG. Determination of selected monohydroxy metabolites of 2-, 3- and 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine by solid-phase microextraction and isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 2002;778:157-64.10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00456-XSearch in Google Scholar

Romanoff LC, Li Z, Young KJ, Blakely III NC, Patterson Jr. DG, Sandau CD. Automated solid-phase extraction method for measuring urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in human biomonitoring using isotope-dilution gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 2006;835:47-54.10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.004Search in Google Scholar

Strickland P, Kang D. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene and other PAH metabolites as biomarkers of exposure to environmental PAH in air particulate matter. Toxicol Lett 1999;108:191-9.10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00089-2Search in Google Scholar

Toriba A, Nakamura H, Chetiyanukornkul T, Kizu R, Makino T, Nakazawa H, Yokoi T, Hayakawa K. Method for determining monohydroxybenzo[a]pyrene isomers using column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 2003;312:14-22.10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00429-3Search in Google Scholar

Castro AA, de L. R. Wagener A, Farias PAM, Bastos MB. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry of 1-hydroxypyrene at the thin-film mercury electrode - basis for quantitative determination of PAH metabolite in biological materials. Anal Chim Acta 2004;521:201-7.10.1016/j.aca.2004.05.079Search in Google Scholar

Mazéas O, Budzinski H. Solid-phase extraction and purification for the quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in fish bile. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005;383:985-90.10.1007/s00216-005-0096-416244859Search in Google Scholar

Itoh N, Tao H, Ibusuki T. In-tube silylation in combination with thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water. Anal Chim Acta 2006;555:201-9.10.1016/j.aca.2005.09.027Search in Google Scholar

Aas E, Beyef J, Gokwy A. PAH in fish bile detected by fixed wavelength fluorescence. Mar Environ Res 1998;46:225-8.10.1016/S0141-1136(97)00034-2Search in Google Scholar

Divya O, Mishra AK. Combining synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy with multivariate methods for the analysis of petrol-kerosene mixtures. Talanta 2007;72:43-8.10.1016/j.talanta.2006.09.032Search in Google Scholar

Koenig S, Savage C, Kim JP. Non-destructive assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure by fluorimetric analysis of crab urine. Mar Pollut Bull 2008;56:2003-8.10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.08.010Search in Google Scholar

Zhu S, Li L, Thornton C, Carvalho P, Avery BA, Willett KL. Simultaneous determination of benzo[a]pyrene and eight of its metabolites in Fundulus heteroclitus bile using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 2008;863:141-9.10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.01.018Search in Google Scholar

Santos FJ, Galceran MT. Modern developments in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based environmental analysis. J Chromatogr A 2003;1000:125-51.10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00305-4Search in Google Scholar

Reemtsma T. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and strategies for trace-level analysis of polar organic pollutants. J Chromatogr A 2003;1000:477-501.10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00507-7Search in Google Scholar

Xu X, Zhang J, Zhang L, Liu W, Weisel CP. Selective detection of monohydroxy metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine using liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;18:2299-308.10.1002/rcm.1625Search in Google Scholar

Smith CJ, Grainger J, Patterson Jr. DG. Separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites by γ-cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 1998;803:241-7.10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01233-8Search in Google Scholar

Kuijt J, García-Ruiz C, Stroomberg GJ, Marina ML, Ariese F, Brinkman UATh, Gooijer C. Laser-induced fluorescence detection at 266 nm in capillary electrophoresis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in biota. J Chromatogr A 2001;907:291-9.10.1016/S0021-9673(00)01040-2Search in Google Scholar