Morphological and molecular characterization of Pratylenchus species from Yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa

Acosta, N. and Ayala, A. 1975. Pathogenicity of Pratylenchus coffeae, Scutellonema bradys, Meloidogyne incognita, and Rotylenchus reniformis on Dioscorea rotundata. Journal of Nematology 7:1–6. Acosta N. and Ayala A. 1975 . Pathogenicity of Pratylenchus coffeae Scutellonema bradys Meloidogyne incognita, and Rotylenchus reniformis on Dioscorea rotundata . Journal of Nematology 7 : 1 – 6 . Search in Google Scholar

Adegbite, A. A., Saka, J. O., Agbaje, G. O. and Osuloye, F. O. 2008. Survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with yams in Ogun and Osun states of Nigeria. Journal of Plant Protection Research 48:421–428. Adegbite A. A. Saka J. O. Agbaje G. O. and Osuloye F. O. 2008 . Survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with yams in Ogun and Osun states of Nigeria . Journal of Plant Protection Research 48 : 421 – 428 . 10.2478/v10045-008-0051-4 Search in Google Scholar

Andrássy, I. 1958. Hoplolaimus tylenchifonnis Daday, 1905 (syn. H. coronatus Cobb, 1923) und die Gattungen der Unterfamilie Hoplolaiminae Filipjev, 1936. Nematologica 3:44–56. Andrássy I. 1958 . Hoplolaimus tylenchifonnis Daday, 1905 (syn. H. coronatus Cobb, 1923) und die Gattungen der Unterfamilie Hoplolaiminae Filipjev, 1936 . Nematologica 3 : 44 – 56 . 10.1163/187529258X00337 Search in Google Scholar

Anonymous 1975. Annual Report 1973-74, Nigeria Federal Department of Agricultural Research. Anonymous 1975 . Annual Report 1973-74, Nigeria Federal Department of Agricultural Research. Search in Google Scholar

Ayensu, E. S. and Coursey, D. G. 1972. Guinea yams:the botany, ethno-botany, use and possible future of yams in West Africa. Economic Botany 26:301–318. Ayensu E. S. and Coursey D. G. 1972 . Guinea yams:the botany, ethno-botany, use and possible future of yams in West Africa . Economic Botany 26 : 301 – 318 . 10.1007/BF02860700 Search in Google Scholar

Bridge, J. 1972. Nematode problems with yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Nigeria. Tropical Pest Management 18:89–91. Bridge J. 1972 . Nematode problems with yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Nigeria . Tropical Pest Management 18 : 89 – 91 . 10.1080/09670877209413466 Search in Google Scholar

Bridge, J. 1973. Nematodes as pests of yams in Nigeria. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent 38:841–852. Bridge J. 1973 . Nematodes as pests of yams in Nigeria . Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent 38 : 841 – 852 . Search in Google Scholar

Bridge, J. 1988. Plant-parasitic nematode problems in the Pacific islands. Journal of Nematology 20:173–183. Bridge J. 1988 . Plant-parasitic nematode problems in the Pacific islands . Journal of Nematology 20 : 173 – 183 . Search in Google Scholar

Bridge, J. and Starr, J. L. 2007. Plant nematodes of agriculture importance:a color handbook Manson Publishing, London. Bridge J. and Starr J. L. 2007 . Plant nematodes of agriculture importance:a color handbook Manson Publishing , London . 10.1201/b15142 Search in Google Scholar

Bridge, J., Coyne, D. L. and Kwoseh, C. K. 2005. “Nematode parasites of tropical root and tuber crops (excluding potatoes)”, In Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J. (Eds), Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture CABI, Wallingford, pp. 221–258. Bridge J. Coyne D. L. and Kwoseh C. K. 2005 . “ Nematode parasites of tropical root and tuber crops (excluding potatoes) ”, In Luc M. Sikora R. A. and Bridge J. (Eds), Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture CABI , Wallingford , pp. 221 – 258 . 10.1079/9780851997278.0221 Search in Google Scholar

Castillo, P. and Vovlas, N. 2007. Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae): diagnosis, biology, pathogenicity and management. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 6. Brill, Leiden and Boston, MA. Castillo P. and Vovlas N. 2007 . Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae): diagnosis, biology, pathogenicity and management . Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 6. Brill, Leiden and Boston, MA . 10.1163/ej.9789004155640.i-523 Search in Google Scholar

Caveness, F. E. 1967. Nematology Studies. End of Tour Progress Report on the Nematology Project USAID, Lagos, 135pp. Caveness F. E. 1967 . Nematology Studies. End of Tour Progress Report on the Nematology Project USAID, Lagos, 135pp . Search in Google Scholar

Coates-Beckford, P. L. and Brathwaite, C. W. D. 1977. Comparison of various treatments for the control of Pratylenchus coffeae in yam. Nematropica 7:20–26. Coates-Beckford P. L. and Brathwaite C. W. D. 1977 . Comparison of various treatments for the control of Pratylenchus coffeae in yam . Nematropica 7 : 20 – 26 . Search in Google Scholar

Corbett, D. C. M. 1976. Pratylenchus brachyurus. C.I.H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 89. CAB International, Wallingford. Corbett D. C. M. 1976 . Pratylenchus brachyurus. C.I.H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 89. CAB International, Wallingford. Search in Google Scholar

Corbett, D. C. M. and Clark, S. A. 1983. Surface features in the taxonomy of Pratylenchus species. Revue de Nématologie 6:85–98. Corbett D. C. M. and Clark S. A. 1983 . Surface features in the taxonomy of Pratylenchus species . Revue de Nématologie 6 : 85 – 98 . Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L. and Affokpon, A. 2018. “Nematode parasites of tropical root and tuber crops”, In Sikora, R. A., Coyne, D. L., Hallman, J. and Timper, P. (Eds), 2018. Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture 3rd edition, CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 252–289. Coyne D. L. and Affokpon A. 2018 . “ Nematode parasites of tropical root and tuber crops ”, In Sikora R. A. Coyne D. L. Hallman J. and Timper P. (Eds), 2018. Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture 3rd edition , CAB International , Wallingford , pp. 252 – 289 . 10.1079/9781786391247.0252 Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Plowright, R. A. and Fofana, I. 1996. Preliminary investigations of nematodes associated with rice in Guinea, Benin and Togo. Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology 6:70–73. Coyne D. L. Plowright R. A. and Fofana I. 1996 . Preliminary investigations of nematodes associated with rice in Guinea, Benin and Togo . Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology 6 : 70 – 73 . Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Plowright, R. A., Twumasi, J. and Hunt, D. J. 1999. Prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes associated with rice in Ghana with a discussion of their importance. Nematology 1:399–405. Coyne D. L. Plowright R. A. Twumasi J. and Hunt D. J. 1999 . Prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes associated with rice in Ghana with a discussion of their importance . Nematology 1 : 399 – 405 . 10.1163/156854199508405 Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Talwana, H. A. L. and Maslen, N. R. 2003. Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with root and tuber crops in Uganda. African Plant Protection 9:87–98. Coyne D. L. Talwana H. A. L. and Maslen N. R. 2003 . Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with root and tuber crops in Uganda . African Plant Protection 9 : 87 – 98 . Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Kolombia, Y. A., Kariuki, G., Luambano, N. and Bert, W. 2016. First report of dry rot disease of yam caused by Scutellonema bradys in East Africa. Plant Disease 100:1794. Coyne D. L. Kolombia Y. A. Kariuki G. Luambano N. and Bert W. 2016 . First report of dry rot disease of yam caused by Scutellonema bradys in East Africa . Plant Disease 100 : 1794 . 10.1094/PDIS-12-15-1524-PDN Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Tchabi, A., Baimey, H., Labuschagne, N. and Rotifa, I. 2006. Distribution and prevalence of nematodes (Scutellonema bradys and Meloidogyne spp.) on marketed yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa. Field Crops Research 96:142–150. Coyne D. L. Tchabi A. Baimey H. Labuschagne N. and Rotifa I. 2006 . Distribution and prevalence of nematodes (Scutellonema bradys and Meloidogyne spp.) on marketed yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa . Field Crops Research 96 : 142 – 150 . 10.1016/j.fcr.2005.06.004 Search in Google Scholar

Coyne, D. L., Cortada, L., Dalzell, J. J., Claudius-Cole, A. O., Haukeland, S., Luambano, N. and Talwana, H. 2018. Plant-parasitic nematodes and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Annual Review of Phytopathology 56:381–403. Coyne D. L. Cortada L. Dalzell J. J. Claudius-Cole A. O. Haukeland S. Luambano N. and Talwana H. 2018 . Plant-parasitic nematodes and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa . Annual Review of Phytopathology 56 : 381 – 403 . 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-045833734048429958072 Search in Google Scholar

De Grisse, A. T. 1969. Redescription ou modification de quelques techniques utilisées dans l’étude des nematodes phytoparasitaires. Landbouwwetenschappen Gent 34:351–369. De Grisse A. T. 1969 . Redescription ou modification de quelques techniques utilisées dans l’étude des nematodes phytoparasitaires . Landbouwwetenschappen Gent 34 : 351 – 369 . Search in Google Scholar

De Guiran, G. 1965. “Nematodes associes au manioc dans le sud du Togo”, Comptes Rendues des Travaux du Congres de la Protection Culture Tropicales, Chambre de commerce et d’industrie, Marseilles, pp. 677–680. De Guiran G. 1965 . “ Nematodes associes au manioc dans le sud du Togo ”, Comptes Rendues des Travaux du Congres de la Protection Culture Tropicales, Chambre de commerce et d’industrie , Marseilles , pp. 677 – 680 . Search in Google Scholar

Duncan, L. W. and Moens, M. 2013. “Migratory endoparasitic nematodes”, In Perry, R. N. and Moens, M. (Eds), Plant nematology CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 144–178. Duncan L. W. and Moens M. 2013 . “ Migratory endoparasitic nematodes ”, In Perry R. N. and Moens M. (Eds), Plant nematology CAB International , Wallingford , pp. 144 – 178 . 10.1079/9781780641515.0144 Search in Google Scholar

Duncan, L. W., Inserra, R. N., Thomas, W. K., Dunn, D., Mustika, I., Frisse, L. M., Mendes, M. L., Morris, K. and Kaplan, D. T. 1999. Molecular and morphological analysis of isolates of Pratylenchus coffeae and closely related specie. Nematropica 29:61–80. Duncan L. W. Inserra R. N. Thomas W. K. Dunn D. Mustika I. Frisse L. M. Mendes M. L. Morris K. and Kaplan D. T. 1999 . Molecular and morphological analysis of isolates of Pratylenchus coffeae and closely related specie . Nematropica 29 : 61 – 80 . Search in Google Scholar

Edgar, R. C. 2004. MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research 32:1792–1797. Edgar R. C. 2004 . MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput . Nucleic Acids Research 32 : 1792 – 1797 . 10.1093/nar/gkh34039033715034147 Search in Google Scholar

Egunjobi, O. A. 1974. Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. I. Population dynamics of Pratylenchus brachyurus in and about the roots of maize and its effects on maize production at Ibadan. Nematologica 20:181–186. Egunjobi O. A. 1974 . Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. I. Population dynamics of Pratylenchus brachyurus in and about the roots of maize and its effects on maize production at Ibadan . Nematologica 20 : 181 – 186 . 10.1163/187529274X00159 Search in Google Scholar

Egunjobi, O. A. and Larinde, M. A. 1975. Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. II. Effects of some amendments on populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus and on the growth and production of maize (Zea mays) in Nigeria. Nematologia Mediterranea 3:65–73. Egunjobi O. A. and Larinde M. A. 1975 . Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. II. Effects of some amendments on populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus and on the growth and production of maize (Zea mays) in Nigeria . Nematologia Mediterranea 3 : 65 – 73 . Search in Google Scholar

FAO. 2018. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/ (accessed August 15, 2020). FAO . 2018 . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/ (accessed August 15, 2020) . Search in Google Scholar

Filipjev, I. N. and Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. Jr. 1941. A manual of agricultural helminthology E. J. Brill, Leiden, p. 878. Filipjev I. N. and Schuurmans Stekhoven J. H. Jr. 1941 . A manual of agricultural helminthology E. J. Brill , Leiden , p. 878 . Search in Google Scholar

Fortuner, R. 1976. Pratylenchus zeae. C. I. H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 77. Fortuner R. 1976 . Pratylenchus zeae. C. I. H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 77. Search in Google Scholar

Frederick, J. J. and Tarjan, A. C. 1989. A compendium of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nemata: Pratylenchidae). Revue de nématologie 12:243–256. Frederick J. J. and Tarjan A. C. 1989 . A compendium of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nemata: Pratylenchidae) . Revue de nématologie 12 : 243 – 256 . Search in Google Scholar

Godfrey, G. H. 1929. A destructive root disease of pineapple and other plants due to Tylenchus brachyurus. Phytopathology 19:611–629. Godfrey G. H. 1929 . A destructive root disease of pineapple and other plants due to Tylenchus brachyurus . Phytopathology 19 : 611 – 629 . Search in Google Scholar

Graham, T. W. 1951. Nematode root rot of tobacco and other plants. Bulletin 390. South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson Agricultural College. Graham T. W. 1951 . Nematode root rot of tobacco and other plants. Bulletin 390. South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson Agricultural College. Search in Google Scholar

Guerout, R. 1975. Nematodes of pineapple: a review. Pest Management 21:123–140. Guerout R. 1975 . Nematodes of pineapple: a review . Pest Management 21 : 123 – 140 . 10.1080/09670877509411384 Search in Google Scholar

Hernández, M. A., Jordana, R., Goldaracena, A. and Pinochet, J. 2000. SEM observations on nine species of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae). Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 3:165–174. Hernández M. A. Jordana R. Goldaracena A. and Pinochet J. 2000 . SEM observations on nine species of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) . Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 3 : 165 – 174 . Search in Google Scholar

Hooper, D. J., Hallmann, J. and Subbotin, S. A. 2005. “Methods for extraction, processing and detection of plant and soil nematodes”, In Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J. (Eds), Plant parasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropical agriculture CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 53–86. Hooper D. J. Hallmann J. and Subbotin S. A. 2005 . “ Methods for extraction, processing and detection of plant and soil nematodes ”, In Luc M. Sikora R. A. and Bridge J. (Eds), Plant parasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropical agriculture CAB International , Wallingford , pp. 53 – 86 . 10.1079/9780851997278.0053 Search in Google Scholar

Huelsenbeck, J. P. and Ronquist, F. 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17:754–755. Huelsenbeck J. P. and Ronquist F. 2001 . MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees . Bioinformatics 17 : 754 – 755 . 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.75411524383 Search in Google Scholar

Inserra, R. N., Troccoli, A., Gozel, U., Bernard, E. C., Dunn, D. and Duncan, L. W. 2007. Pratylenchus hippeastri n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from amaryllis in Florida with notes on P. scribneri and P. hexincisus. Nematology 9:25–42. Inserra R. N. Troccoli A. Gozel U. Bernard E. C. Dunn D. and Duncan L. W. 2007 . Pratylenchus hippeastri n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from amaryllis in Florida with notes on P. scribneri and P. hexincisus . Nematology 9 : 25 – 42 . 10.1163/156854107779969754 Search in Google Scholar

Janssen, T., Karssen, G., Verhaeven, M., Coyne, D. and Bert, W. 2016. Mitochondrial coding genome analysis of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) supports haplotype based diagnostics and reveals evidence of recent reticulate evolution. Scientific Reports 6:22591. Janssen T. Karssen G. Verhaeven M. Coyne D. and Bert W. 2016 . Mitochondrial coding genome analysis of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) supports haplotype based diagnostics and reveals evidence of recent reticulate evolution . Scientific Reports 6 : 22591 . 10.1038/srep22591477806926940543 Search in Google Scholar

Kolombia, Y. A. 2017. Diversity and characterization of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa and a novel approach for rapid resistance screening. PhD Thesis, University of Ghent, Ghent. Kolombia Y. A. 2017 . Diversity and characterization of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa and a novel approach for rapid resistance screening. PhD Thesis, University of Ghent, Ghent. Search in Google Scholar

Kolombia, Y. A., Kumar, L. P., Viaene, N., Bert, W. and Coyne, D. L. 2016a. “Nematodes on yam in Nigeria: situation on the ground”, 32nd Symposium of European Society of Nematologists, Braga, Brada, 271. Kolombia Y. A. Kumar L. P. Viaene N. Bert W. and Coyne D. L. 2016a . “ Nematodes on yam in Nigeria: situation on the ground ”, 32nd Symposium of European Society of Nematologists, Braga, Brada, 271 . Search in Google Scholar

Kolombia, Y. A., Kumar, P. L., Claudius-Cole, A. O., Karssen, G., Viaene, N., Coyne, D. and Bert, W. 2016b. First report of Meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber galling damage on white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in Nigeria. Plant Disease 100:10. Kolombia Y. A. Kumar P. L. Claudius-Cole A. O. Karssen G. Viaene N. Coyne D. and Bert W. 2016b . First report of Meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber galling damage on white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in Nigeria . Plant Disease 100 : 10 . 10.1094/PDIS-03-16-0348-PDN Search in Google Scholar

Kolombia, Y. A., Kumar, P. L., Adewuyi, O., Korie, S., Viaene, N., Bert, W. and Coyne, D. L. 2020. Distribution, prevalence and severity of damages caused by nematodes on yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in Nigeria. Nematropica 50:1–18. Kolombia Y. A. Kumar P. L. Adewuyi O. Korie S. Viaene N. Bert W. and Coyne D. L. 2020 . Distribution, prevalence and severity of damages caused by nematodes on yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in Nigeria . Nematropica 50 : 1 – 18 . Search in Google Scholar

Kwoseh, C. K., Plowright, R. A., Bridge, J. and Asiedu, R. 2005. Yam-based farm practices and nematode problems in stored yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Ghana. Journal of Science and Technology 25:35–43. Kwoseh C. K. Plowright R. A. Bridge J. and Asiedu R. 2005 . Yam-based farm practices and nematode problems in stored yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Ghana . Journal of Science and Technology 25 : 35 – 43 . 10.4314/just.v25i2.32943 Search in Google Scholar

Liu, X., Wang, H., Lin, B., Tao, Y., Zhuo, K. and Liao, J. 2016. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification based on the mitochondrial COI region to detect Pratylenchus zeae. European Journal of Plant Pathology 48:435–446. Liu X. Wang H. Lin B. Tao Y. Zhuo K. and Liao J. 2016 . Loop-mediated isothermal amplification based on the mitochondrial COI region to detect Pratylenchus zeae . European Journal of Plant Pathology 48 : 435 – 446 . 10.1007/s10658-016-1102-8 Search in Google Scholar

Loof, P. A. A. 1985. Pratylenchus scribneri. C. I. H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 89. Loof P. A. A. 1985 . Pratylenchus scribneri. C. I. H. Description of plant-parasitic nematodes, Set 6, No. 89. Search in Google Scholar

Loof, P. A. A. and Yassin, A. M. 1971. Three new plant-parasitic nematodes from the Sudan, with notes on Xiphinema basiri Siddiqi, 1959. Nematologica 16: 537–546. Loof P. A. A. and Yassin A. M. 1971 . Three new plant-parasitic nematodes from the Sudan, with notes on Xiphinema basiri Siddiqi, 1959 . Nematologica 16 : 537 – 546 . 10.1163/187529270X00739 Search in Google Scholar

Luc, M. 1987. A reappraisal of Tylenchida (Nemata). 7. The family Pratylenchidae Thorne, 1949. Revue de Nématologie 10:203–218. Luc M. 1987 . A reappraisal of Tylenchida (Nemata). 7. The family Pratylenchidae Thorne, 1949 . Revue de Nématologie 10 : 203 – 218 . Search in Google Scholar

Luc, M. and de Guiran, G. 1960. Les nématodes associés aux plantes de l’Ouest africain: liste préliminaire. L’Agronomie Tropicale 15:434–449. Luc M. and de Guiran G. 1960 . Les nématodes associés aux plantes de l’Ouest africain: liste préliminaire . L’Agronomie Tropicale 15 : 434 – 449 . Search in Google Scholar

Miège, J. 1957. Influence de quelques caractères des tubercules semences sur la levée et le rendement des ignames cultivées. Journal d’ Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée 4:314–342. Miège J. 1957 . Influence de quelques caractères des tubercules semences sur la levée et le rendement des ignames cultivées . Journal d’ Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée 4 : 314 – 342 . 10.3406/jatba.1957.2405 Search in Google Scholar

Moura, R. M. and Monteiro, A. R. 1995. Pratylenchus coffeae on yams in Brazil. Fitopatologia Brasileira 20:256. Moura R. M. and Monteiro A. R. 1995 . Pratylenchus coffeae on yams in Brazil . Fitopatologia Brasileira 20 : 256 . Search in Google Scholar

Mudiope, J., Speijer, P. R., Coyne, D. L., Maslen, R. N. and Adipala, E. 2007. Nematode distribution and damage to yam in Central and Eastern Uganda. African Crop Science Journal 15:93–99. Mudiope J. Speijer P. R. Coyne D. L. Maslen R. N. and Adipala E. 2007 . Nematode distribution and damage to yam in Central and Eastern Uganda . African Crop Science Journal 15 : 93 – 99 . 10.4314/acsj.v15i2.54422 Search in Google Scholar

Muniz, M. F. S., Silva, E. J., Castro, J. M. C., Rocha, F. S., Alencar, L. M. C. and Gonzaga, V. 2012. Intensity of dry rot disease of yam in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Nematropica 42:198–200. Muniz M. F. S. Silva E. J. Castro J. M. C. Rocha F. S. Alencar L. M. C. and Gonzaga V. 2012 . Intensity of dry rot disease of yam in the state of Alagoas, Brazil . Nematropica 42 : 198 – 200 . Search in Google Scholar

Nweke, F. I. 2016. Yam in West Africa: food, money, and more Michigan State University Press. Nweke F. I. 2016 . Yam in West Africa: food, money, and more Michigan State University Press . Search in Google Scholar

Nweke, F. I., Ugwu, B. O., Asadu, C. L. A. and Ay, P. 1991. Production costs in the yam-based cropping systems of south-western Nigeria. Resource and Crop Management Division. Research Monograph 6. IITA, Ibadan. Nweke F. I. Ugwu B. O. Asadu C. L. A. and Ay P. 1991 . Production costs in the yam-based cropping systems of south-western Nigeria. Resource and Crop Management Division. Research Monograph 6. IITA, Ibadan . Search in Google Scholar

Onwueme, I. C. and Charles, W. B. 1994. Tropical root and tuber crops: production, perspectives and future prospects. (FAO Plant Product. Protect. Paper 126). FAO, Rome. Onwueme I. C. and Charles W. B. 1994 . Tropical root and tuber crops: production, perspectives and future prospects . (FAO Plant Product. Protect. Paper 126). FAO, Rome . Search in Google Scholar

Orkwor, G. C. 1998. “The importance of yams”, In Orkwor, G. C., Asiedu, R. and Ekanayake, I. J. (Eds), Food Yams: Advances in Research IITA/NRCRI, Nigeria, pp. 1–12. Orkwor G. C. 1998 . “ The importance of yams ”, In Orkwor G. C. Asiedu R. and Ekanayake I. J. (Eds), Food Yams: Advances in Research IITA/NRCRI , Nigeria , pp. 1 – 12 . Search in Google Scholar

Osei, K., Danso, Y., Otoo, E., Adomako, J., Sackey-Asante, J. and Abugri, B. 2015. Evaluation of yam varieties for reaction to plant parasitic nematodes infestation in three agro - ecologies of Ghana. Academic Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Research 3:201–206. Osei K. Danso Y. Otoo E. Adomako J. Sackey-Asante J. and Abugri B. 2015 . Evaluation of yam varieties for reaction to plant parasitic nematodes infestation in three agro - ecologies of Ghana . Academic Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Research 3 : 201 – 206 . Search in Google Scholar

Ozbayrak, M., Todd, T., Harris, T., Higgins, R., Powers, K., Mullin, P., Sutton, L. and Powers, T. 2019. A COI DNA barcoding survey of Pratylenchus species in the Great Plains Region of North America. Journal of Nematology 51:1–21. Ozbayrak M. Todd T. Harris T. Higgins R. Powers K. Mullin P. Sutton L. and Powers T. 2019 . A COI DNA barcoding survey of Pratylenchus species in the Great Plains Region of North America . Journal of Nematology 51 : 1 – 21 . 10.21307/jofnem-2019-081 Search in Google Scholar

Palomares-Rius, J. E., Guesmi, I., Horrigue-Raouani, N., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, C., Liébanas, G. and Castillo, P. 2014. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Pratylenchus oleae n. sp.(Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) parasitizing wild and cultivated olives in Spain and Tunisia. European Journal of Plant Pathology 140:53–67. Palomares-Rius J. E. Guesmi I. Horrigue-Raouani N. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete C. Liébanas G. and Castillo P. 2014 . Morphological and molecular characterisation of Pratylenchus oleae n. sp.(Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) parasitizing wild and cultivated olives in Spain and Tunisia . European Journal of Plant Pathology 140 : 53 – 67 . 10.1007/s10658-014-0443-4 Search in Google Scholar

Payan, L. A. 1989. The intraspecific variation of Pratylenchus brachyurus University of Florida. Payan L. A. 1989 . The intraspecific variation of Pratylenchus brachyurus University of Florida . Search in Google Scholar

Plowright, R. A. and Hunt, D. J. 1994. Plant parasitic nematodes of upland, hydromorphic and inland swamp rice ecosystems in Côte d’Ivoire. Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology 4:61–67. Plowright R. A. and Hunt D. J. 1994 . Plant parasitic nematodes of upland, hydromorphic and inland swamp rice ecosystems in Côte d’Ivoire . Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology 4 : 61 – 67 . Search in Google Scholar

Posada, D. 2008. jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology and Evolution 25:1253–1256. Posada D. 2008 . jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging . Molecular Biology and Evolution 25 : 1253 – 1256 . 10.1093/molbev/msn08318397919 Search in Google Scholar

Pourjam, E., Waeyenberge, L., Moens, M. and Geraert, E. 1999. Morphological, morphometrical and molecular study of Pratylenchus coffeae and P. loosi (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae). Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige En Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen, Universiteit Gent 64:391–401. Pourjam E. Waeyenberge L. Moens M. and Geraert E. 1999 . Morphological, morphometrical and molecular study of Pratylenchus coffeae and P. loosi (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) . Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige En Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen, Universiteit Gent 64 : 391 – 401 . Search in Google Scholar

Rensch, D. 1924. Aphelenchus neglectus sp. n. eine neue parasitäre Nematodenart. Sonderabdruck aus dem Zoologischen Anzeiger. 59:277–280. Rensch D. 1924 . Aphelenchus neglectus sp. n. eine neue parasitäre Nematodenart . Sonderabdruck aus dem Zoologischen Anzeiger . 59 : 277 – 280 . Search in Google Scholar

Roman, J. and Hirschmann, H. 1969. Morphology and morphometrics of six species of Pratylenchus. Journal of Nematology 1:363–386. Roman J. and Hirschmann H. 1969 . Morphology and morphometrics of six species of Pratylenchus . Journal of Nematology 1 : 363 – 386 . Search in Google Scholar

Seinhorst, J. W. 1959. A rapid method for the transfer of nematodes from fixative to anhydrous glycerin. Nematologica 4:67–69. Seinhorst J. W. 1959 . A rapid method for the transfer of nematodes from fixative to anhydrous glycerin . Nematologica 4 : 67 – 69 . 10.1163/187529259X00381 Search in Google Scholar

Seinhorst, J. W. 1968. Three new Pratylenchus species with a discussion of the structure of the cephalic framework and of the spermatheca in this genus. Nematologica 14:497–510. Seinhorst J. W. 1968 . Three new Pratylenchus species with a discussion of the structure of the cephalic framework and of the spermatheca in this genus . Nematologica 14 : 497 – 510 . 10.1163/187529268X00183 Search in Google Scholar

Sherbakoff, C. D. and Stanley, W. W. 1943. The more important diseases and insect pests of crops in Tennessee. Tennessee Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin 186:1–142. Sherbakoff C. D. and Stanley W. W. 1943 . The more important diseases and insect pests of crops in Tennessee . Tennessee Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin 186 : 1 – 142 . Search in Google Scholar

Speijer, P. R., De Waele, D. and Rotimi, M. O. 2001. Plant parasitic nematodes associated with plantain (Musa spp., AAB-group) in southern Nigeria and their relative importance compared to other biotic constraints. Nematology 3:423–436. Speijer P. R. De Waele D. and Rotimi M. O. 2001 . Plant parasitic nematodes associated with plantain (Musa spp., AAB-group) in southern Nigeria and their relative importance compared to other biotic constraints . Nematology 3 : 423 – 436 . 10.1163/156854101753250755 Search in Google Scholar

Steiner, G. R. and LeHew, R. R. 1933. Hoplolaimus bradys n. sp. (Tylenchidae, Nematoda), the cause of a disease of yam (Dioscorea sp.). Zoologischer Anzeiger 101:260–264. Steiner G. R. and LeHew R. R. 1933 . Hoplolaimus bradys n. sp. (Tylenchidae, Nematoda), the cause of a disease of yam (Dioscorea sp.) . Zoologischer Anzeiger 101 : 260 – 264 . Search in Google Scholar

Subbotin, S. A., Sturhan, D., Chizhov, V. N., Vovlas, N. and Baldwin, J. G. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of Tylenchida Thorne, 1949 as inferred from D2 and D3 expansion fragments of the 28S rRNA gene sequences. Nematology 8:455–474. Subbotin S. A. Sturhan D. Chizhov V. N. Vovlas N. and Baldwin J. G. 2006 . Phylogenetic analysis of Tylenchida Thorne, 1949 as inferred from D2 and D3 expansion fragments of the 28S rRNA gene sequences . Nematology 8 : 455 – 474 . 10.1163/156854106778493420 Search in Google Scholar

Subbotin, S. A., Ragsdale, E. J., Mullens, T., Roberts, P. A., Mundo-Ocampo, M. and Baldwin, J. G. 2008. A phylogenetic framework for root lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda): evidence from 18S and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S ribosomal RNA genes and morphological characters. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48:491–505. Subbotin S. A. Ragsdale E. J. Mullens T. Roberts P. A. Mundo-Ocampo M. and Baldwin J. G. 2008 . A phylogenetic framework for root lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda): evidence from 18S and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S ribosomal RNA genes and morphological characters . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48 : 491 – 505 . 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.02818514550 Search in Google Scholar

Tarjan, A. C. and Frederick, J. J. 1978. Intraspecific morphological variation among populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus and P. coffeae. Journal of Nematology 10:152–160. Tarjan A. C. and Frederick J. J. 1978 . Intraspecific morphological variation among populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus and P. coffeae . Journal of Nematology 10 : 152 – 160 . Search in Google Scholar

Taylor, D. and Jenkins, W. 1957. Variation within the nematode genus Pratylenchus, with the descriptions of P. hexincisus, n. sp. and P. subpenetrans, n. sp. Nematologica 2:159–174. Taylor D. and Jenkins W. 1957 . Variation within the nematode genus Pratylenchus, with the descriptions of P. hexincisus, n. sp. and P. subpenetrans, n. sp . Nematologica 2 : 159 – 174 . 10.1163/187529257X00545 Search in Google Scholar

Thorne, G. and Malek, R. B. 1968. Nematodes of the Northern Great Plains. I. Tylenchida. South Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station. Technical Bulletin 31:111. Thorne G. and Malek R. B. 1968 . Nematodes of the Northern Great Plains. I. Tylenchida. South Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station . Technical Bulletin 31 : 111 . Search in Google Scholar

Unny, K. L. and Jerath, M. L. 1965. Parasitic nematodes. Plant Disease Reporter 49:875–876. Unny K. L. and Jerath M. L. 1965 . Parasitic nematodes . Plant Disease Reporter 49 : 875 – 876 . Search in Google Scholar

Varghese, R. and Mohandas, C. 2004. Pratylenchus loosi, a new record on Dioscorea rotundata. Indian Journal of Nematology 34:221–222. Varghese R. and Mohandas C. 2004 . Pratylenchus loosi, a new record on Dioscorea rotundata . Indian Journal of Nematology 34 : 221 – 222 . Search in Google Scholar

Waeyenberge, L., Ryss, A., Moens, M., Pinochet, J. and Vrain, T. C. 2000. Molecular characterisation of 18 Pratylenchus species using rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Nematology 2:135–142. Waeyenberge L. Ryss A. Moens M. Pinochet J. and Vrain T. C. 2000 . Molecular characterisation of 18 Pratylenchus species using rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism . Nematology 2 : 135 – 142 . 10.1163/156854100509024 Search in Google Scholar

Yoder, M., De Ley, I. T., King, I. W., Mundo-Ocampo, M., Mann, J., Blaxter, M., Poiras, L. and De Ley, P. 2006. DESS: a versatile solution for preserving morphology and extractable DNA of nematodes. Nematology 8:367–376. Yoder M. De Ley I. T. King I. W. Mundo-Ocampo M. Mann J. Blaxter M. Poiras L. and De Ley P. 2006 . DESS: a versatile solution for preserving morphology and extractable DNA of nematodes . Nematology 8 : 367 – 376 . 10.1163/156854106778493448 Search in Google Scholar

Zimmermann, A. W. P. 1898. De nematoden der koffiewortels. Deel I. Mededelingen uit’s Lands Plantentuin 27:1–64. Zimmermann A. W. P. 1898 . De nematoden der koffiewortels . Deel I. Mededelingen uit’s Lands Plantentuin 27 : 1 – 64 . 10.5962/bhl.title.127652 Search in Google Scholar

Zhao, L., Cui, R., Wang, J., Hu, X., Zhong, G. and Zhang, Z. 2011. Pratylenchus brachyurus was intercepted in Colocasia sp. from Nigeria. Plant Quarantine 25:35–38. Zhao L. Cui R. Wang J. Hu X. Zhong G. and Zhang Z. 2011 . Pratylenchus brachyurus was intercepted in Colocasia sp. from Nigeria . Plant Quarantine 25 : 35 – 38 . Search in Google Scholar