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Study of Electrochromic (EC) and Gasochromic (GC) Glazing for Buildings in Aspect of Energy Efficiency

Janusz MARCHWIŃSKI

Janusz MARCHWIŃSKI

Eng. Arch.; University of Ecology and Management in Warsaw, Faculty of ArchitectureWarsaw, Poland
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MARCHWIŃSKI, Janusz
  
08 oct. 2021
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Publié en ligne: 08 oct. 2021
Pages: 27 - 38
Reçu: 22 févr. 2021
Accepté: 07 sept. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2021-020
Mots clés
© 2021 Marchwiński Janusz published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

General structure and principle of operation of electrochromic (EC) and gasochromic glass (GC) [5]
General structure and principle of operation of electrochromic (EC) and gasochromic glass (GC) [5]

Figure 2.

Average U-value comparison of commercial glass including EC and GC technology [6]
Average U-value comparison of commercial glass including EC and GC technology [6]

Figure 3.

Values of visible solar transmittance for EC products at different modes they are in [13]
Values of visible solar transmittance for EC products at different modes they are in [13]

Figure 4.

Tv to g-value (SHGC) relationship of selected glazing technologies including EC and GC [14]
Tv to g-value (SHGC) relationship of selected glazing technologies including EC and GC [14]

Figure 5.

Tv to g-value (SHGC) relationship of EC and selected solar/thermal protective static glazing technologies [15]
Tv to g-value (SHGC) relationship of EC and selected solar/thermal protective static glazing technologies [15]

Figure 6.

Transition period for various switchable glazing technologies, including EC and GC glazing - visible transmittance as a time variable [5]
Transition period for various switchable glazing technologies, including EC and GC glazing - visible transmittance as a time variable [5]

Figure 7.

Energy demand for heating and cooling of office spaces in three different locations across Europe, depending on the technology and parameters of window glazing, including switchable glazing (EC/GC) [21]
Energy demand for heating and cooling of office spaces in three different locations across Europe, depending on the technology and parameters of window glazing, including switchable glazing (EC/GC) [21]

Figure 8.

HVAC loads of different glazing systems, including EC and GC, in 5 different regions across China (left) (by the author, on the basis of [14]). Energy saving potential of EC and GC glazing for the studied locations
HVAC loads of different glazing systems, including EC and GC, in 5 different regions across China (left) (by the author, on the basis of [14]). Energy saving potential of EC and GC glazing for the studied locations

Energy demand for heating and cooling in three different climatic conditions in Europe using four different types of glazing, including EC and GC [20]

Heating Energy (kWh/m2a)
Low-eDGUU=1.3W/(m2K)g=0.60 Solar-controlDGUU=1.1W/(m2K)g=0.33 ECTGUU=1.1W/(m2K)g=0.15-0.40 GCTGUU=0.9W/(m2K)g=0.18-0.48
Rome 3.7 5.5 5.8 4.9
Brussels 16.6 20.3 19.9 17.2
Stockholm 33.8 39.4 37.9 33.1
Cooling Energy (kWh/m2a)
Rome 45.5 24.2 14.1 15.2
Brussels 16.3 6.8 3.0 3.4
Stockholm 18.8 7.3 2.6 3.1

EC and GC glazing as well as various types of static glazing studied with reference to the impact on energy efficiency of a virtual office building for 5 different climatic conditions in China [14]

Glazing system types ID g (SHGC) Tv
#1: Clear Float glass 8205 0.758 0.746
#2: Solar Control glass 8253 0.585 0.671
#3: Low-E glass 8307 0.562 0.704
#4: Colored absorbing glass (Green) 8209 0.575 0.622
#5: Clear Float+Clear float DGU 8205+8205 0.670 0.670
#6: Solar Control+Clear float glass DGU 8253+8205 0.510 0.602
#7: Low-E+Clear float glass DGU 8307+8205 0.530 0.641
#8: Colored absorbing +Clear float glass DGU 8209+8205 0.450 0.558
#9: SAGE@EC+ Clear float glass DGU Bleached stateColored state 0.4520.141 0.5250.013
#10: GC+Clear float glass DGU Bleached stateColored state 0.6500.287 0.5460.155

Climatic characteristics (annual values of outside air temperature and irradiation) for Chinese cities covered by simulation studies [23]

Average lowest temperature values (°C) Average highest temperatura values (°C) Irradiation (kWh/m2)
Beijing -4 +26
Chonguing -15 +23
Guangzhou + 14 +29 1300
Harbin -18 +23
Shanghai +5 +28

Percentage of reduced cooling and lighting energy of EC, GC glazing and solar protective static glazing for different ratios of window to floor (WFR) area in offices in hot climate (southern Egypt) [24]

North East South West
CoolingEnergy LightEnergy CoolingEnergy LightEnergy CoolingEnergy LightEnergy CoolingEnergy LightEnergy
8% WFR
EC 38 20 30 35 40 42 32 30
GC 22 20 25 34 32 41 27 30
TC 15 19 21 30 26 37 24 26
Blue 11 30 18 31 19 38 21 26
Green 11 16 17 41 18 48 21 35
Brown 9 25 16 36 16 43 19 31
16% WFR
EC 28 41 32 52 36 56 35 47
GC 26 41 28 52 31 55 30 45
TC 22 33 22 47 25 53 24 40
Blue 19 33 18 47 15 52 20 40
Green 19 48 18 56 15 57 19 49
Brown 17 41 16 52 12 55 16 45
24% WFR
EC 31 54 40 52 40 59 43 51
GC 25 54 34 52 34 58 36 57
TC 20 48 26 47 27 57 29 54
Blue 16 50 22 47 19 58 25 54
Green 16 57 21 56 18 59 25 53
Brown 13 55 19 52 15 59 23 50
32 WFR
EC 35 57 43 60 46 61 45 57
GC 30 57 38 60 40 60 41 57
TC 25 54 30 58 32 59 33 54
Blue 19 55 23 59 21 59 25 54
Green 19 59 23 60 20 60 25 59
Brown 16 58 21 60 16 59 23 57

Evaluation of EC and GC glazing in terms of their impact on the energy efficiency of the building [by the author]

Climate
Cold Moderate Hot
EC GC EC GC EC GC
HVAC + + + + + + + + +
– cooling, - air conditioning + + + + + + + +
– heating +/- + +/- + - +/-
HVAC + lighting + + + + + + + +
evaluation predicted: further research required
Langue:
Anglais
Périodicité:
4 fois par an
Sujets de la revue:
Architecture et design, Architecture, Architectes, bâtiments
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