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Compressive Strength of Selected Fine Grained Soils Treated with Cement Kiln Dust and Calcareous Fly Ash

Karolina KNAPIK-JAJKIEWICZ
Karolina KNAPIK-JAJKIEWICZ
, 
Grzegorz GAJ
Grzegorz GAJ
, 
Adrian KOWALSKI
Adrian KOWALSKI
 et 
Sandra PRĘDKA
Sandra PRĘDKA
   | 08 avr. 2020
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Publié en ligne: 08 avr. 2020
Pages: 79 - 86
Reçu: 06 févr. 2019
Accepté: 08 janv. 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2020-006
Mots clés
© 2020 Karolina Knapik-Jajkiewicz et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Proctor compaction curves obtained for the Soil_1 and Soil_2 (based on [10, 11])
Proctor compaction curves obtained for the Soil_1 and Soil_2 (based on [10, 11])

Figure 2.

Grain size distribution of the soils used in the study according to PN-EN ISO 17892-4:2017-01E
Grain size distribution of the soils used in the study according to PN-EN ISO 17892-4:2017-01E

Figure 3.

Mold used for samples preparation [10]
Mold used for samples preparation [10]

Figure 4.

Formed samples of fine grained soil mixed with cement kiln dust [10]
Formed samples of fine grained soil mixed with cement kiln dust [10]

Figure 5.

Strength press used for the tests [10]
Strength press used for the tests [10]

Figure 6.

Unconfined compressive strength obtained for the mix of soils and additives with curing time (based on [10, 11])
Unconfined compressive strength obtained for the mix of soils and additives with curing time (based on [10, 11])

Figure 7.

Unconfined compressive strength obtained for the mix of soil and additive after: a) 7 days; b) 14 days; c) 28 days; d) 42 days e) 56 days (based on [10, 11])
Unconfined compressive strength obtained for the mix of soil and additive after: a) 7 days; b) 14 days; c) 28 days; d) 42 days e) 56 days (based on [10, 11])

Properties of tested soils

Parameter Standard Soil_1 Soil_2
Plastic limit [%] PN-88/B-04481 19 29 [11]
Liquid limit [%] PN-88/B-04481 28 66 [11]
Plasticity index [%] PN-88/B-04481 9 37 [11]
Optimum water content [%] PN-EN 13286-2 Proctor test method A 14 [10] 21 [11]
Maximum bulk density [g/cm3] PN-EN 13286-2 Proctor test method A 1.85 [10] 1.63 [11]
Loss on ignition [%] PN-88 B-04481:1988 1.9 [10] 4.8 [11]
Specific density [g/cm3] PN-88 B-04481:1988 2.6 [10] 2.7 [11]
pH ASTM-D 4972-01 1998 6.2 7.5

Oxide composition of fly ash from Bełchatów power plant tested with XRF according to ISO 29851-2:2010

Component The content after conversion into the initial state [% mass (% m/m)]
fly ash cement kiln dust
SiO2 42.56 18.29
Al2O3 18.81 4.57
Fe2O3 4.51 2.16
CaO including free CaO 24.14 2.06 64.19 21.39
MgO 1.40 1.32
Na2O 0.22 0.48
K2O 0.21 0.99
SO3 2.74 3.03
TiO2 1.32 0.23
P2O5 0.13 0.12
ZnO 0.02 0.23
residue 0.27 4.16
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