The outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents in Slovenia
, , et | 09 oct. 2017
À propos de cet article
Article Category: Original scientific article
Publié en ligne: 09 oct. 2017
Pages: 268 - 275
Reçu: 28 févr. 2017
Accepté: 17 août 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0036
Mots clés
© 2017 National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Results of univariate analysis of the course of labour group of observed outcomes between the study group (age ≤19 years) or the study subgroup (age ≤17 years) and the control group (age 20–24 years) of primiparous women, Slovenia, 2008–2012.
| Control group | Study group | Study subgroup | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The course of labour | 20–24 years (N=12,112) | ≤19 years (N=1,413) | ≤17 years (N=318) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | |
| Onset of labour | |||||
| Spontaneous | 9197 (76.1) | 1.152 (81.7) | <0.001 | 269 (84.6) | 0.006 |
| Administration of PGE2 | 1.451 (12.0) | 139 (9.9) | <0.001 | 25 (7.9) | 0.006 |
| Artificial rupture of membranes | 971 (8.0) | 79 (5.6) | <0.001 | 16 (5.0) | 0.006 |
| Elective Caesarean section | 465 (3.8) | 40 (2.8) | <0.001 | 8 (2.5) | 0.006 |
| Augmentation with oxytocin | 7751 (64.0) | 875 (61.9) | 0.126 | 188 (59.1) | 0.074 |
| Foetal position | |||||
| Occipito-anterior foetal position | 10857 (88.7) | 1270 (89.2) | 0.927 | 280 (87.8) | 0.614 |
| Other foetal head positions | 785 (7.4) | 89 (6.3) | 0.927 | 25 (7.8) | 0.614 |
| Breech presentations | 567 (4.6) | 61 (4.3) | 0.927 | 14 (4.4) | 0.614 |
| Delay of cervical dilatation | 252 (2.1) | 15 (1.1) | 0.09 | 1 (0.3) | 0.028 |
| Incorrect descent of the presenting part | 754 (6.2) | 67 (4.7) | 0.027 | 16 (5) | 0.383 |
| Foetal distress | 503 (4.2) | 62 (4.4) | 0.676 | 13 (4.1) | 0.954 |
| Labour dystocia | 84 (0.7) | 9 (0.6) | 0.808 | 5 (1.6) | 0.067 |
| Instrumental intervention (vacuum, forceps) | 556 (4.5) | 62 (4.4) | 0.001 | 18 (5.6) | 0.040 |
| Emergency Caesarean section | 2006 (16.4) | 180 (12.6) | 0.001 | 36 (11.3) | 0.040 |
| Episiotomy | 5432 (44.9) | 482 (44.0) | 0.872 | 155 (48.7) | 0.169 |
| Maternal injuries | |||||
| Minor injuries | 2937 (24.2) | 298 (21.1) | 0.008 | 75 (23.6) | 0.785 |
| Uterine cervix injury | 199 (1.6) | 25 (1.8) | 0.725 | 9 (2.8) | 0.103 |
| Severe injuries | 46 (0.4) | 4 (0.3) | 0.571 | 0 (0.0) | 0.271 |
| Complications of the third stage of labour | 420 (3.5) | 48 (3.4) | 0.891 | 17 (5.3) | 0.073 |
| Labour without complications | 8902 (73.5) | 1061 (75.1) | 0.199 | 255 (80.2) | 0.007 |
Results of univariate analysis of the course of pregnancy group of observed outcomes between the study group (age ≤19 years) or the study subgroup (age ≤17 years) and the control group (age 20–24 years) of primiparous women, Slovenia, 2008–2012.
| Control group | Study group | Study subgroup | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The course of pregnancy | 20–24 years (N=12,112) | ≤19 years(N=1, 413) | ≤17 years (N=318) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | |
| Hypertension | 598 (4.9) | 68 (4.8) | 0.837 | 15 (4.7) | 0.858 |
| Anaemia | 273 (2.3) | 43 (3.0) | 0.063 | 14 (4.4) | 0.012 |
| Gestational diabetes | 265 (2.2) | 10 (0.7) | <0.001 | 1 (0.3) | 0.023 |
| Unknown estimated date of delivery | 55 (0.5) | 27 (1.9) | <0.001 | 18 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Bleeding during pregnancy | 616 (5.1) | 41 (2.9) | <0.001 | 8 (2.5) | 0.038 |
| Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) | 291 (2.4) | 43 (3.0) | 0.142 | 12 (3.8) | 0.118 |
| Foetal anomalies | 33 (0.3) | 4 (0.3) | 0.942 | 2 (0.6) | 0.236 |
| Threatened preterm labour | 473 (3.9) | 82 (5.8) | 0.001 | 21 (6.6) | 0.015 |
| Duration of pregnancy | |||||
| Birth at ≤17 weeks | 124 (1.0) | 28 (2.0) | 0.001 | 7 (2.2) | 0.017 |
| Birth at 32-36 weeks | 649 (5.4) | 94 (6.7) | 25 (7.9) | ||
| Birth at ≥37 weeks | 11338 (93.6) | 1290 (91.4) | 286 (89.9) | ||
| Gestational weight gain in relation to BMI before pregnancy | |||||
| Appropriate gestational weight gain | 3135 (26.0) | 341 (24.2) | <0.001 | 81 (25.6) | <0.001 |
| Low gestational weight gain | 1986 (16.4) | 357 (25.3) | 104 (32.8) | ||
| High gestational weight gain | 6953 (57.6) | 712 (50.5) | 132 (41.6) | ||
Results of univariate analysis of the newborn status group of observed outcomes between the study group (age ≤19 years) or the study subgroup (age ≤17 years) and the control group (age 20–24 years) of primiparous women, Slovenia, 2008–2012.
| Control group | Study group | Study subgroup | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status of the newborn | 20–24 years (N=12,112) | ≤19 years (N=1,413) | ≤17 years (N=318) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | |
| Stillbirth | 62 (0.5) | 7 (0.5) | 0.941 | 0 (0.0) | 0.202 |
| Apgar score <17 at 1st minute | 453 (3.7) | 56 (3.9) | 0.659 | 14 (4.4) | 0.522 |
| Apgar score <17 at 5th minute | 156 (1.3) | 33 (2.3) | 0.001 | 7 (2.2) | 0.152 |
| Newborn’s birth weight | |||||
| Very low newborn’s birth weight <17 g | 133 (1.1) | 25 (1.8) | <0.001 | 6 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Low newborn’s birth weight 1500-2499 g | 642 (5.2) | 108 (7.6) | 35 (11.0) | ||
| Appropriate newborn’s birth weight 2500-3999 g | 10488 (85.7) | 1193 (83.8) | 265 (83.1) | ||
| Excessive newborn’s birth weight ≥4000 g | 972 (7.9) | 97 (6.8) | 13 (4.1) | ||
| Small for gestational age (SGA) | 708 (5.8) | 104 (7.3) | 0.022 | 31 (9.7) | 0.003 |
Results of univariate analysis of prenatal care group of observed outcomes between the study group (age ≤19 years) or the study subgroup (age ≤17 years) and the control group (age 20–24 years) of primiparous women, Slovenia, 2008–2012.
| Control group | Study group | Study subgroup | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prenatal care | 20–24 years (N=12,112) | ≤19 years (N=1,413) | ≤17 years (N=318) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | n (%) | P comparison to the control group - | |
| Week of the first check-up at gynaecologist | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| First check-up at gynaecologist <12 weeks of pregnancy | 9966 (82.3) | 888 (62.9) | 1174 (54.7) | ||
| First check-up at gynaecologist at 12-22 weeks of pregnancy | 1800 (14.9) | 370 (26.2) | 95 (29.9) | ||
| First check-up at gynaecologist ≥23 weeks of pregnancy | 342 (2.8) | 154 (10.9) | 49 (15.4) | ||
| No check-ups during pregnancy | 50 (0.4) | 30 (2.1) | <0.001 | 18 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Number of check-ups during pregnancy | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 1-7 check-ups during pregnancy | 1.773 (14.6) | 426 (30.1) | 124 (39.0) | ||
| 8-12 check-ups during pregnancy | 8305 (68.6) | 810 (57.2) | 154 (48.4) | ||
| ≥13 check-ups during pregnancy | 1.983 (16.4) | 147 (10.4) | 22 (6.9) | ||
| Number of ultrasonography check-ups | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 0-1 ultrasonography check-up | 333 (2.8) | 122 (8.6) | 42 (13.2) | ||
| 2 ultrasonography check-ups | 1660 (13.7) | 284 (20.1) | 78 (24.5) | ||
| ≥3 ultrasonography check-ups | 10116 (83.5) | 1006 (71.2) | 198 (62.3) | ||
| Parenting school attendance | 8431 (69.6) | 543 (38.5) | <0.001 | 68 (21.4) | <0.001 |
| Smoking during pregnancy | 2213 (18.3) | 457 (32.4) | <0.001 | 121 (38.1) | <0.001 |
| Nuchal translucency | 8007 (66.1) | 455 (32.0) | <0.001 | 45 (14.1) | <0.001 |
| Cervix uteri measurement | 937 (7.7) | 61 (4.3) | <0.001 | 10 (3.1) | <0.002 |