Current plantation practices have negligible genetic effects on planted dipterocarps in the tropical rainforest

ADJERS, G. and A. OTSAMO (1996): Seedling production methods of dipterocarps, pp. 391-410. In: Dipterocarp forest ecosystems towards sustainable management, edited by A. SCHULTE and D. SCHONE, World Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore.10.1142/9789814261043_0018Search in Google Scholar

APPANAH, S. (1998): Management of natural forests, pp. 133-149. In: A review of dipterocarps taxonomy, ecology, silviculture, edited by S. APPANAH and J. M. TURNBULL, Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.10.17528/cifor/000463Search in Google Scholar

ASHTON, P. S. (2004): Dipterocarpaceae. pp. 63-388. In: Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak, vol. 5, edited by E. SOEPADMO, L. G. SAW, and R. C. K. CHUNG, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.10.26525/TFSS5002Search in Google Scholar

BARLOW, J., T. A. GARDNER, I. S. ARAUJO, T. C. AVILA-PIRES, A. B. BONALDO, J. E. COSTA and M. C. ESPOSITO et al. (2007): Quantifying the biodiversity value of tropical primary, secondary, and plantation forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104: 18555-18560.10.1073/pnas.0703333104214181518003934Search in Google Scholar

BAWA, K. S. (1998): Conservation of genetic resources in the Dipterocarpaceae. In: Review of the dipterocarps: taxonomy, ecology, silviculture, edited by S. APPANAH and J. M. TURNBULL, CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia.Search in Google Scholar

BERRY, N. J., O. L. PHILLIPS, S. L. LEWIS, J. K. HILL, D. P. EDWARDS, N. B. TAWATAO and N. AHMAD et al. (2010): The high value of logged tropical forests: lessons from northern Borneo. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 985-997.10.1007/s10531-010-9779-zSearch in Google Scholar

BRADSHAW, C. J. A., N. S. SIDHI and B. W. BROOK (2009): Tropical turmoil: a biodiversity tragedy in progress. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7: 79-87.10.1890/070193Search in Google Scholar

CRUTSINGER, G. M., M. D. COLLINS, J. A. FORDYCE, Z. GOMPERT, C. C. NICE and N. J. SANDERS (2006): Plant enotypic diversity predicts community structure and governs an ecosystem process. Science 313: 966-968.10.1126/science.112832616917062Search in Google Scholar

ELMOUSADIK, A. and R. J. PETIT (1996): High level of genetic differentiation for allelic richness among populations of the argan tree Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels endemic to Morocco. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 92: 832-839.10.1007/BF0022189524166548Search in Google Scholar

EVANNO, G., S. REGNAUT and J. GOUDET (2005): Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology 14: 2611-2620.10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x15969739Search in Google Scholar

EXCOFFIER, L., P. E. SMOUSE and J. M. QUATTRO (1992): Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes - Application to human mitochondrial-DNA restriction data. Genetics 131: 479-491.10.1093/genetics/131.2.47912050201644282Search in Google Scholar

FISHER, B., D. P. EDWARDS, X. L. GIAM and D. S. WILCOVE (2011a): The high costs of conserving Southeast Asia’s lowland rainforests. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9: 329-334.10.1890/100079Search in Google Scholar

FISHER, B., D. P. EDWARDS, T. H. LARSEN, F. A. ANSELL, W. W. HSU, C. S. ROBERTS and D. S. WILCOVE (2011b): Cost-effective conservation: calculating biodiversity and logging trade-offs in Southeast Asia. Conservation Letters 4: 443-450.10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00198.xSearch in Google Scholar

FRANKHAM, R. (1995): Conservation genetics. Annual Review of Genetics 29: 305-327.10.1146/annurev.ge.29.120195.001513Search in Google Scholar

FUKUE, Y., T. KADO, S. L. LEE, K. K. S. NG, N. MUHAMAD and Y. TSUMURA (2007): Effects of flowering tree density on the mating system and gene flow in Shorea leprosula (Dipterocarpaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Plant Research 120: 413-420.10.1007/s10265-007-0078-zSearch in Google Scholar

GOUDET, J. (1995): FSTAT (Version 1.2): A computer program to calculate F-statistics. Journal of Heredity 86: 485-486. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111627Search in Google Scholar

HARDIANSYAH, G., T. HARDJANTO and M. MULYANA (2006): A brief note on TPTJ (Modified Indonesia Selective Cutting System) from experience of PT Sari Bumi Kusuma (PT SBK) timber concessionair, pp. 23-31. In: Permanent sample plots: More than just forest data, edited by H. PRIYADI, P. GUNARSO, and M. KANNINEN, Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.Search in Google Scholar

HUFFORD, K. M. and S. J. MAZER (2003): Plant ecotypes: genetic differentiation in the age of ecological restoration. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18: 147-155.10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00002-8Search in Google Scholar

ITTO (2005): Status of Tropical Forest Management. International Tropical Timber Organization, Yokohama, Japan.Search in Google Scholar

KETTLE, C. J. (2010): Ecological considerations for using dipterocarps for restoration of lowland rainforest in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 1137-1151.10.1007/s10531-009-9772-6Search in Google Scholar

KETTLE, C. J., J. GHAZOUL, P. ASHTON, C. H. CANNON, L. CHONG, B. DIWAY and E. FARIDAH et al. (2011): Seeing the fruit for the trees in Borneo. Conservation Letters 4: 184-191.10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00161.xSearch in Google Scholar

LEE, S. L., R. WICKNESWARI, M. C. MAHANI and A. H. ZAKRI (2000): Mating system parameters in a tropical tree species, Shorea leprosula Miq. (Dipterocarpaceae), from Malaysian lowland dipterocarp forest. Biotropica 32: 693-702.10.1646/0006-3606(2000)032[0693:MSPIAT]2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

LINHART, Y. B. and M. C. GRANT (1996): Evolutionary significance of local genetic differentiation in plants. Annual review of ecology and systematics 27: 237-277.10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.237Search in Google Scholar

MEIJAARD, E. and D. SHEIL (2007): A logged forest in Borneo is better than none at all. Nature 446: 974-974.10.1038/446974a17460641Search in Google Scholar

MEIRMANS, P. G. and P.W. HEDRICK (2011): Assessing population structure: FST and related measure. Molecular Ecology Resources 11: 5-18. 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02927.x21429096Search in Google Scholar

MEIRMANS, P. G. and P. H. VAN TIENDEREN (2004): GENOTYPE and GENODIVE: two programs for the analysis of genetic diversity of asexual organisms. Molecular Ecology Notes 4: 792-794.10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00770.xSearch in Google Scholar

MILLIGAN, B. (1992): Plant DNA isolation, pp. 59-88. In: Molecular genetic analysis of populations: a practical approach, edited by A. R. HOELZEL. IRL Press, Oxford.Search in Google Scholar

MINISTRY OF FORESTRY (1998): Decree no: 625/Kpts-II/1998: The Silvicultural System of Selective Cutting and Strip Planting (TPTJ) Silviculture System in The Management of Natural production Forests, Jakarta, Indonesia.Search in Google Scholar

MINISTRY OF FORESTRY (2005): Decree no: 226/VIBPHA/ 2005: The Guideline of Indonesia Selective Cutting and Intensive Planting System (Tebang Pilih Tanam Indonesia Intensif / TPTII); Directorate General of BPK, Jakarta, Indonesia.Search in Google Scholar

MINISTRY OF FORESTRY (2009): Decree no: 11/Menhut-II/2009: Silvicultural System in The Natural Forest productions, Jakarta, Indonesia.Search in Google Scholar

MYERS, N., R. A. MITTERMEIER, C. G. MITTERMEIER, G. A. B. DA FONSECA and J. KENT (2000): Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853-858.10.1038/3500250110706275Search in Google Scholar

NEI, M. (1978): Estimation of average heterozygosity andgenetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583-590.10.1093/genetics/89.3.583121385517248844Search in Google Scholar

NG, F. S. P. (1977): Gregarious flowering of dipterocarps inKepong 1976. Malaysian Forester 40: 126-137. Search in Google Scholar

NG, K. K. S., S. L. LEE, Y. TSUMURA, S. UENO, C. H. NG and C. T. LEE (2009): Expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats isolated from Shorea leprosula and their transferability to 36 species within the Dipterocarpaceae. Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 393-398.10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02238.x21564660Search in Google Scholar

O’BRIEN, E. K. and S. L. KRAUSS (2010): Testing the Home-Site Advantage in Forest Trees on Disturbed and Undisturbed Sites. Restoration Ecology 18: 359-372.10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00453.xSearch in Google Scholar

PEAKALL, R. and P. E. SMOUSE (2006): GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel - Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes 6: 288-295. 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.xSearch in Google Scholar

POTTS, B. M., R. C. BARBOUR, A. B. HINGSTON and R. E. VAILLANCOURT (2003): Genetic pollution of native eucalypt gene pools - identifying the risks. Australian Journal of Botany 51: 1-25.10.1071/BT02035Search in Google Scholar

PRITCHARD, J. K., M. STEPHENS and P. DONNELLY (2000): Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155: 945-959.10.1093/genetics/155.2.945146109610835412Search in Google Scholar

RAYMOND, M. and F. ROUSSET (1995): GENEPOP (version 1.2): population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. Journal of Heredity 86: 248-249.10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111573Search in Google Scholar

R DEVELOPMENT CORE TEAM (2010): R: A language and environment for statistical computing. website: URL http://www.R-project.org/.Search in Google Scholar

SAKAI, S., K. MOMOSE, T. YUMOTO, M. KATO and T. INOUE (1999): Beetle pollination of Shorea parvifolia (section Mutica, Dipterocarpaceae) in a general flowering period in Sarawak, Malaysia. American Journal of Botany 86: 62-69.10.2307/2656955Search in Google Scholar

SASAKI, S. (1980): Storage and germination of dipterocarp seeds. Malaysian Forester 43: 290-308.Search in Google Scholar

SOVU, M. TIGABU, P. SAVADOGO, P. ODÉN and L. XAYVONGSA (2010): Enrichment planting in a logged-over tropical mixed deciduous forest of Laos. Journal of Forestry Research 21: 273-280.10.1007/s11676-010-0071-6Search in Google Scholar

TANI, N., Y. TSUMURA, T. KADO, Y. TAGUCHI, S. L. LEE, N. MUHAMMAD, K. K. S. NG, S. NUMATA, S. NISHIMURA, A. KONUMA and T. OKUDA (2009): Paternity analysisbaed inference of pollen dispersal patterns, male fecundity variation, and influence of flowering tree density and general flowering magnitude in two dipterocarp species. Annals of Botany 104: 1421-1434.10.1093/aob/mcp252277839719808773Search in Google Scholar

TOMPSETT, P. B. (1987): Desiccation and storage studies on Dipterocarpus seeds. Annals of Applied Biology 110: 371-379.10.1111/j.1744-7348.1987.tb03268.xSearch in Google Scholar