[1. MIRANDA PJ, DEFRONZO RA, CLIFF RM and GUYTON JR. Metabolic syndrome: definition, pathophysiology and mechanisms. Am Heart J. 2005; 149: 33-45.10.1016/j.ahj.2004.07.013]Search in Google Scholar
[2. CAMERON AJ, SHAW JE and ZIMMET PZ. The metabolic syndrome: prevalence in worldwide populations, Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2004; 33: 351-75.]Search in Google Scholar
[3. MARJANI A, HEZARKHANI S, SHAHIMI N. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Fars ethnic Women in north east of Iran. World J Med Sci.2012; 7(1):17-22.]Search in Google Scholar
[4. SHAHIMI N, SHAHIMI I, MARJANI A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Turkmen ethnic groups in Gorgan. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013; 7(9):1849-51.]Search in Google Scholar
[5. MARJANI A, SHAHIMI N, AGHATABAY O, GHIYAS YABARI R. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among sistanee ethnic women. Adv Stud Biol. 2012; 8(4):363-72.]Search in Google Scholar
[6. MARJANI A, SHAHIMI N. Age related metabolic syndrome among Fars ethnic women in Gorgan, Iran. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2013; 30(30):929-35.]Search in Google Scholar
[7. MARJANI A, MOGHASEMI S. The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Gorgan. Int J Endocrinol. 2012; 2012:953627.10.1155/2012/953627]Search in Google Scholar
[8. GHIYAS YABARI M, NASERI F, PAAD E, MAJIDI F, MARJANI A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Baluch women in Chabahar. International Journal of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Disorders. 2015; 8 (2): 27-34.10.3923/ijom.2015.27.34]Search in Google Scholar
[9. MARJANI A, ALIAKBARI F, ZAMAN KAMKAR M. Body mass index dependent metabolic syndrome in severe mental illness patients. International Journal of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Disorders. 2015; 8 (1): 19-26.10.3923/ijom.2015.19.26]Search in Google Scholar
[10. SHAFAEI A, KHOSHNIAM, MARJANI A. Serum level of fibroblast growth factor 21 in type 2 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome. Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015; 15 (2): 80-86.10.3923/jms.2015.80.86]Search in Google Scholar
[11. MARJANI A. A review on the role of triglyceride in metabolic syndrome. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2015; 8 (3): 1-3.]Search in Google Scholar
[12. MARJANI A. A review on the role of hypertension in the metabolic syndrome. Journal of Biological Sciences. 2013;13 (8): 685-690.10.3923/jbs.2013.685.690]Search in Google Scholar
[13. 13.MARJANI A, MOUJERLOO M, HEZARKHANI S. Age related metabolic syndrome among hemodialysis patients in Gorgan, Iran. Open Biochemistry Journal. 2013: 7 (1): 15-18.10.2174/1874091X01307010015]Search in Google Scholar
[14. MARJANI A, MOGHASEMI S. Serum vitamin D and metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women in Gorgan. Biomedical Research. 2012; 23 (2): 275-280.]Search in Google Scholar
[15. MARJANI A, SHIRAFKAN A. The metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients in Gorgan: According to NCEP ATPIII and IDF definitions. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews. 2011; 5 (4): 207-210.10.1016/j.dsx.2012.02.009]Search in Google Scholar
[16. MARJANI A, MOUJERLOO M. The metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic subjects in Gorgan, Iran. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2011; 61 (5): 458-461.]Search in Google Scholar
[17. ZANOCCO-MARANI T, BATEMAN A, ROMANO G, VALENTINIS B, HE ZH, BASERGA R. Biological activities and signaling pathways of the granulin/epithelin precursor. Cancer Res. 1999; 59:5331-5340.]Search in Google Scholar
[18. SHOYAB M, McDONALD VL, BYLES C, TODARO GJ, PLOWMAN GD. Epithelins 1 and 2: isolation and characterization of two cysteine rich growth-modulating proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1990; 87:7912-7916.10.1073/pnas.87.20.7912]Search in Google Scholar
[19. PLOWMAN GD, GREEN JM, NEUBAUER MG, et al. The epithelin precursor encodes two proteins with opposing activities on epithelial cell growth. J Biol Chem. 1992; 267:13073-13078.10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42382-4]Search in Google Scholar
[20. ANAKWE OO, GERTON GL. Acrosome biogenesis begins during meiosis: evidence from the synthesis and distribution of an acrosomal glycoprotein, acrogranin, during guinea pig spermatogenesis. Biol Reprod. 1990; 42:317-328.10.1095/biolreprod42.2.317]Search in Google Scholar
[21. ZHOU J, GAO G, CRABB JW, SERRERO G. Purification of an autocrine growth factor homologous with mouse epithelin precursor from a highly tumorigenic cell line. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268: 10863-10869.10.1016/S0021-9258(18)82064-6]Search in Google Scholar
[22. DANIEL R, HE Z, CARMICHAEL KP, HALPER J, BATEMAN A. Cellular localization of gene expression for progranulin. J Histochem Cytochem. 2000; 48:999-1009.10.1177/00221554000480071310858277]Search in Google Scholar
[23. LIU CJ. Progranulin: a promising therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. FEBS Lett. 2011; 585: 3675-3680.10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.065316208021550343]Search in Google Scholar
[24. HE Z and BATEMAN A. Progranulin (granulin-epithelin precursor, PC-cell-derived growth factor, acrogranin) mediates tissue repair and tumorigenesis. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2003; 81(10): 600-612.10.1007/s00109-003-0474-312928786]Search in Google Scholar
[25. BAKER M, MACKENZIE IR, PICKERING-BROWN SM, GASS J, RADEMAKERS R, LINDHOLM C, et al. Mutations in progranulin cause-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17. Nature. 2006; 442: 916-919.10.1038/nature0501616862116]Search in Google Scholar
[26. CRUTS M, GIJSELINCK I, VAN DER ZEE J, ENGELBORGHS S, WILS H, PIRICI D, et al. Null mutations in progranulin cause ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17q21. Nature. 2006; 442: 920-924.10.1038/nature0501716862115]Search in Google Scholar
[27. DANIEL R, DANIEL E, HE Z, BATEMAN A. Progranulin (acrogranin/PC cell-derived growth factor/granulin-epithelin precursor) is expressed in the placenta, epidermis, microvasculature, and brain during murine development. Dev Dyn. 2003; 227:593-599.10.1002/dvdy.1034112889069]Search in Google Scholar
[28. MARTENS LH, ZHANG J, BARMADA SJ, ZHOU P, KAMIYA S, SUN B, et al. Progranulin deficiency promotes neuroinflammation and neuron loss following toxin-induced injury. J. Clin. Invest. 2012; 122: 3955-3959.10.1172/JCI63113348444323041626]Search in Google Scholar
[29. AHAMED Z, SHENG H, XU Y-F, LIN W-L, INNES AE, GASS J, et al. Accelerated lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in granulin knockout mice suggest a role for progranulin in successful aging. Am. J. Pathol.2010; 177: 311-324.]Search in Google Scholar
[30. YIN F, BANERJEE R, THOMAS B, ZHOU P, QIAN L, JIA T, et al. Exaggerated inflammation, impaired host defense, and neuropathology in progranulin deficient mice. J. Exp. Med.2010; 207: 117-228.]Search in Google Scholar
[31. TANG W, LU Y, TIAN Q-Y, ZHANG Y, GUO F-J, LIU G-Y, et al. The growth factor progranulin binds to TNF receptors and is therapeutic against inflammatory arthritis in mice. Science. 2011; 332: 478-484.10.1126/science.1199214310439721393509]Search in Google Scholar
[32. COPPOLA G, KARYDAS A, RARMAKERS R, WANG Q, BAKER M, HUTTON M, et al. Gene expression study on peripheral blood identifies progranulin mutations. Ann. Neurol. 2008; 64: 92-96.]Search in Google Scholar
[33. GHIDONI R, BENUSSI L, GLIONNA M and FRANZONI M. Low plasma progranulin levels predict progranulin mutations in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Neurology. 2008; 71: 1235-1239.10.1212/01.wnl.0000325058.10218.fc]Search in Google Scholar
[34. FINCH N, BAKER M, CROOK R, SWANSON K, KUNTZ K, SURTEES R, et al. Plasma progranulin levels predict progranulin mutation status in frontotemporal dementia patients and asymptomatic family members. Brain.2009; 132: 583-591.10.1093/brain/awn352]Search in Google Scholar
[35. YOUN B-S, BANG S-I, KLOETING N, PARK JW, LEE N, OH J-E, et al. Serum progranulin concentrations may be associated with macrophage infiltration into omental adipose tissue. Diabetes. 2009; 58: 627-636.10.2337/db08-1147]Search in Google Scholar
[36. CARECCHIO M, FENOGLIO C, De RIZ M, GUIDI I, COMI C, CORTINI F, et al. Progranulin plasma levels as potential biomarker for the identification of GRN deletion carriers. A case with atypical onset as clinical amnestic mild cognitive impairment converted to Alzheimer’s disease. J. Neurol. Sci. 2009; 287: 291-293.]Search in Google Scholar
[37. HSIUNG GY, FOK A, FELDMAN HH, RADEMAKERS R and MACKENZIE IR rs5848 polymorphism and serum progranulin level. J. Neurol. Sci. 2011; 300: 28-32.]Search in Google Scholar
[38. ZHU J, NATHAN C, JIN W, SIM D, ASHCRFT GS, WAHL SM, et al. Conversion of proepithelin to epithelins: roles of SLPI and elastase in host defense and wound repair. Cell. 2002; 111: 867-878.10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01141-8]Search in Google Scholar
[39. MATSUBARA T, MITA A, MINANI K, HOSOOKA T, KITAZAWA S, TAKAHASHI K, et al. PGRN is a key adipokine mediating high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and obesity through IL-6 in adipose tissue. Cell Metabolism. 2012; 15: 38-50.10.1016/j.cmet.2011.12.00222225875]Search in Google Scholar
[40. [No author listed], 2001, Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III), JAMA. 2001; 285: 2486-97.10.1001/jama.285.19.248611368702]Search in Google Scholar
[41. World Health Organization. Prevention and Management of the Global Epidemic of Obesity. Report of the WHO Consultation on Obesity. WHO: Geneva (Technical Report Series, No. 894), 1998.]Search in Google Scholar
[42. RYDEN M. Fibroblast growth factor 21: an overview from a clinical perspective. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009; 66: 2067-73.10.1007/s00018-009-0003-919277467]Search in Google Scholar
[43. OKURA H, YAMASHITA S, OHAMA T, SAGA A, YAMAMOTO-KAKUTA A, HAMADA Y. et al. HDL/apolipoprotein A-I binds to macrophage-derived progranulin and suppresses its conversion into proinflammatory granulins. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2010; 17: 568-577.]Search in Google Scholar
[44. NGUYEN AD, NGUYEN TA, CENIK B, YU G, HERZ J, TOBIAS C, et al. Secreted progranulin is a homodimer and is not a component of high density lipoproteins (HDL). The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2013; 288(12): 8627-8635, 2013.]Search in Google Scholar
[45. YOO HJ, HWANG SY, HONG HC, CHOI HY, YANG SJ, CHOI DS, et al. Implication of progranulin and C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) on inflammation and atherosclerosis in subjects with or without metabolic syndrome. PLOS ONE. 2013; 8(2): e55744.10.1371/journal.pone.0055744356708623409033]Search in Google Scholar
[46. FAERCH K, VAAG A, WITTE DR, JORGENSEN T, PEDERSEN O, et al. Predictors of future fasting and 2-h post-OGTT plasma glucose levels in middle-aged men and women-the Inter 99 study. Diabet Med. 2009; 26(4): 377-383.10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02688.x19388967]Search in Google Scholar
[47. QU H, DENG H and HU Z. Plasma Progranulin Concentrations Are Increased in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity and Correlated with Insulin Resistance. Mediators of Inflammation Volume, 2013, Article ID 360190, 6 pages.10.1155/2013/360190358818323476101]Search in Google Scholar
[48. ISMAIL NA, RAGAB S, ABD EL BAKY ANE, HAMED M, AYOUB DF. Relation between serum progranulin, inflammatory markers and visceral fat in childhood obesity. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013; 4: 1030-1038.10.4236/abb.2013.412138]Search in Google Scholar
[49. American Diabetes Association Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015; 38:S8-S16.10.2337/dc15-S00525537714]Search in Google Scholar
[50. TANAKA S, TANAKA S, IIMURO S, YAMASHITA H, KATAYAMA S, AKANUMA Y, et al. Predicting macro- and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:1193-1199.10.2337/dc12-0958363182323404305]Search in Google Scholar
[51. XU L, ZHOU B, LI H, LIU J, DU J, ZANG W, et al. Serum levels of progranulin are closely associated with microvascular complication in type 2 diabetes. Dis Markers. 2015; 2015: 357279.10.1155/2015/357279446467826106251]Search in Google Scholar
[52. ZHOU M, TANG W, FU Y, XU X, WANG Z, LU Y, et al. Progranulin protects against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Kidney Int. 2015; 87:918-929.10.1038/ki.2014.40325607110]Search in Google Scholar