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Determination of dosimetric parameters for shielded 153Gd source in prostate cancer brachytherapy

Mahdi Ghorbani
Mahdi Ghorbani
, 
Benyamin Khajetash
Benyamin Khajetash
, 
Najmeh Ghatei
Najmeh Ghatei
, 
Mohammad Mehrpouyan
Mohammad Mehrpouyan
, 
Ali S. Meigooni
Ali S. Meigooni
 et 
Ramin Shahraini
Ramin Shahraini
   | 22 févr. 2017
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Article Category: Research Article
Publié en ligne: 22 févr. 2017
Pages: 101 - 112
Reçu: 22 juin 2016
Accepté: 27 déc. 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/raon-2017-0009
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© 2017 Mahdi Ghorbani, Benyamin Khajetash, Najmeh Ghatei, Mohammad Mehrpouyan, Ali S. Meigooni, Ramin Shahraini
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

A schematic view of the simulated 153Gd source, Nitinol needle including Pt shields and Al windows. (A) transverse view, (B) longitudinal view. This figure is not in to a real scale. Polar angles that were used to calculate the anisotropy function.
A schematic view of the simulated 153Gd source, Nitinol needle including Pt shields and Al windows. (A) transverse view, (B) longitudinal view. This figure is not in to a real scale. Polar angles that were used to calculate the anisotropy function.

Polar distribution of angles in calculation of anisotropy function in the shielded mode.
Polar distribution of angles in calculation of anisotropy function in the shielded mode.

(A) Radial dose function for the 153Gd source without the shield and with the shield on Al window side (B) radial dose function for the shielded source at Pt shield side.
(A) Radial dose function for the 153Gd source without the shield and with the shield on Al window side (B) radial dose function for the shielded source at Pt shield side.

Relative dose in non-shielded mode, Pt shield side and aluminum window side in the shielded mode of the source. The normalization point is at 1 cm for the non-shielded case.
Relative dose in non-shielded mode, Pt shield side and aluminum window side in the shielded mode of the source. The normalization point is at 1 cm for the non-shielded case.

Anisotropy function for the 153Gd source: (A) non-shielded mode, (B) shielded mode, Pt shield side, (C) shielded mode, Al window side.
Anisotropy function for the 153Gd source: (A) non-shielded mode, (B) shielded mode, Pt shield side, (C) shielded mode, Al window side.

Comparison of anisotropy function for non-shielded mode, Pt shielded mode, Al window mode. All modes are presented for distances: (A) 0.5 cm, (B) 2 cm, (C) 5 cm, (D) 12 cm.
Comparison of anisotropy function for non-shielded mode, Pt shielded mode, Al window mode. All modes are presented for distances: (A) 0.5 cm, (B) 2 cm, (C) 5 cm, (D) 12 cm.

Isodose curves (%): (A) non shielded source, (B) shielded source. The dose distributions were normalized to the dose at 1 cm distance from the source at transverse plane. The Z axis is on the longitudinal axis of the source.
Isodose curves (%): (A) non shielded source, (B) shielded source. The dose distributions were normalized to the dose at 1 cm distance from the source at transverse plane. The Z axis is on the longitudinal axis of the source.

The energy spectrum of 153Gd radionuclide.18 In these data, the energy values were rounded to two decimal places

Energy (keV)Prevalence (%)
5.180.374
5.820.976
5.820.1341
5.858.86
6.440.559
6.465.64
6.570.9214
6.620.0845
6.841.8512
7.480.947
7.770.173
7.790.244
14.060.0183
21.200.0224
40.470.00953
40.9035.29
41.5463.516
46.906.2516
47.0412.13
47.370.1848
48.254.001
48.391.597
54.1940.01622
69.672.41923
75.420.078323
83.370.1964
89.490.0694
96.880.0022
97.4329
103.1821.1123
118.110.000121
166.560.00033
172.300.00022
172.850.036017

Radial dose function values for the non-shield and shield modes. The shield mode is related to the Pt and Al window sides

g(r)
r(cm)Without shieldWith shield
    Pt shield sideAl window side
0.50.900.520.93
11.001.001.00
1.51.061.391.04
21.111.73 1.04  
2.51.132.031.07
31.182.221.07
3.51.142.441.07
41.192.721.05
51.172.651.02
81.013.010.91
100.892.630.80
120.772.440.71

Anisotropy function values for the 153Gd source at different distances for the shielded mode at the Pt and Al windows sides

r(cm)
θ(degree)Pt shield sideAl window side
0.5123510120.512351012
00.420.390.30----1.801.781.56----
100.510.520.420.350.310.290.761.541.571.381.321.220.35-
200.620.610.580.510.500.550.811.411.361.231.211.120.880.38
300.720.710.720.660.660.700.851.241.311.181.171.100.870.56
400.810.810.790.770.780.810.901.151.231.141.071.071.050.77
500.880.880.870.860.870.900.931.091.141.071.080.980.860.84
600.930.910.950.920.940.970.961.051.070.981.061.050.910.94
700.980.960.990.970.981.010.981.021.070.911.040.991.031.00
800.990.991.001.001.001.060.991.021.010.980.990.961.001.00
901.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.00
1000.980.991.000.981.001.021.000.961.011.011.040.991.031.00
1100.960.970.980.970.990.970.980.961.070.961.011.040.990.95
1200.930.930.950.920.940.960.971.081.091.021.071.011.080.82
1300.880.890.900.880.880.930.931.131.241.031.071.090.950.84
1400.820.830.810.770.780.840.891.181.211.141.121.071.040.74
1500.730.700.690.670.660.710.861.271.291.161.151.130.870.63
1600.630.620.560.520.500.540.811.451.531.231.331.210.890.37
1700.530.490.430.360.330.300.751.591.571.471.511.381.06-
1800.430.41-----1.831.89-----

Anisotropy function values for the 153Gd source at different distances for the non-shielded mode

θ(degrees)r(cm)
0.5123510
00.710.590.480.410.29-
100.750.630.580.510.440.75
200.820.760.690.640.630.81
300.860.830.770.750.760.86
400.900.850.850.840.870.91
500.950.910.900.900.930.94
600.950.980.940.940.960.96
701.000.960.970.980.980.97
800.990.990.970.981.011.00
901.001.001.001.001.001.00
1000.970.970.991.001.011.00
1101.010.950.970.970.960.97
1200.970.950.920.940.960.97
1300.950.930.890.900.930.94
1400.920.870.850.840.870.90
1500.880.800.780.760.790.87
1600.830.740.680.650.630.81
1700.760.650.560.500.450.75
1800.69-----

Mass attenuation coefficient (rμ/ρ) of Pt, Al and Ti in the 40 keV-100 keV energy range21

Energy (keV)PtAlTi
4012.450.572.21
506.950.371.21
604.340.280.77
808.730.200.41
1004.990.170.27
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